The Plecoptera are an order of insects, commonly known as stoneflies. Some 3,500 species are described worldwide, with new species still being discovered. Stoneflies are found worldwide, except Antarctica. Stoneflies are believed to be one of the most primitive groups of Neoptera, with close relatives identified from the Carboniferous and Lower Permian geological periods, while true stoneflies are known from fossils only a bit younger. Their modern diversity, however, apparently is of Mesozoic origin.
The Capniidae, the small winter stoneflies, are a family of insects in the stonefly order (Plecoptera). It constitutes one of the largest stonefly families, containing some 300 species distributed throughout the holarctic. Their closest relatives are the rolled-winged stoneflies (Leuctridae).
Paracapnia is a genus of small winter stoneflies in the family Capniidae. There are at least five species described in the genus Paracapnia. They are native to North America.
Eucapnopsis brevicauda, the short-tailed snowfly, is a species of small winter stonefly in the family Capniidae. It is found in North America.
Eucapnopsis is a genus of small winter stoneflies in the family Capniidae. There are at least 2 described species in Eucapnopsis.
Taeniopteryx burksi, the eastern willowfly, is a species of winter stonefly in the family Taeniopterygidae. It is found in North America.
Allocapnia maria, the two-knobbed snowfly, is a species of small winter stonefly in the family Capniidae. It is found in North America.
Allocapnia is a genus of small winter stoneflies in the family Capniidae. There are at least 40 described species in Allocapnia.
Skwala is a genus of springflies in the family Perlodidae. There are about five described species in Skwala.
Paragnetina is a genus of common stoneflies in the family Perlidae. There are at least 20 described species in Paragnetina.
Ostrocerca is a genus of spring stoneflies in the family Nemouridae. There are about six described species in Ostrocerca.
Capnia is a genus of small winter stoneflies in the family Capniidae. There are at least 120 described species in Capnia.
Utacapnia is a genus of small winter stoneflies in the family Capniidae. There are about 11 described species in Utacapnia, found primarily in the Rocky Mountains of North America. Most species in this genus were first described by Alan V. Nebeker and Arden R. Gaufin.
Capnura is a genus of small winter stoneflies in the family Capniidae. There are about seven described species in Capnura.
Eccoptura is a genus of common stoneflies in the family Perlidae. There is at least one described species in Eccoptura, E. xanthenes. It is known as the "yellow stone" and is found in North America.
Arsapnia is a genus of small winter stoneflies in the family Capniidae. There are about eight described species in Arsapnia.
Eurekapnia is a genus of small winter stoneflies in the family Capniidae. There is one described species in Eurekapnia, E. maculata.
Sierracapnia is a genus of small winter stoneflies in the family Capniidae. There are about seven described species in Sierracapnia.
Zwicknia is a genus of small winter stoneflies in the family Capniidae. There are about 11 described species in Zwicknia.
Bolshecapnia is a genus of small winter stoneflies in the family Capniidae. There are at least four described species in Bolshecapnia.
