Penis reduction

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Penis reduction
Specialty Urology

Penis reduction or penis reduction surgery refers to efforts or an assortment of techniques intended to decrease the girth or length of the human penis, especially when erect. The motive behind such a procedure can range from complications such as macropenis, [1] [2] genital lymphedema, [3] or sex reassignment. [4] It may also be motivated by the shape or size of the extant penis being unviable for intercourse and the associated social liabilities of having macrophallic penile dimensions. [5] The causes of macrophallism can range from sickle cell disease to priapism. [6] The age range of individuals who have undergone treatment or are purported to have considered it vary including a 17 year old, [7] a 52 year old, [8] a 20 year old [9] and a 39 year old. [10] The procedure may involve the removal of tissue beneath the skin of the penis, [11] amelioration through simple excision procedures, [12] or antihypertensive medication. [13] Such procedures have been considered by men with partners who have complained about discomfort of thrusts against the cervix [14] as well as those seeking additional stimulation of the clitoris. [15] In some ancient periods of history, the diminution of penile size was a desired appearance aesthetically, including those observable in surviving works of art, due to an association with unpretentiousness, reticence and timidity; [16] artists also wanted to distance themselves from erotic art's obsession with over-sized genitals.

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Genital modifications are forms of body modifications applied to the human sexual organs. The term genital enhancement is generally used for genital modifications that improve the recipient's quality of life in result in positive health outcomes. The term genital mutilation is used for genital modifications that drastically diminish the recipient's quality of life and result in adverse health outcomes, whether physical or mental.

Gender-affirming surgery is a surgical procedure, or series of procedures, that alters a person's physical appearance and sexual characteristics to resemble those associated with their identified gender. The phrase is most often associated with transgender health care and intersex medical interventions, although many such treatments are also pursued by cisgender and non-intersex individuals. It is also known as sex reassignment surgery, gender confirmation surgery, and several other names.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Penis enlargement</span> Technique aimed to increase the size of a human penis

Penis enlargement, or male enhancement, is any technique aimed to increase the size of a human penis. Some methods aim to increase total length, others the shaft's girth, and yet others the glans size. Techniques include surgery, supplements, ointments, patches, and physical methods like pumping, jelqing, and traction.

Phalloplasty is the construction or reconstruction of a penis or the artificial modification of the penis by surgery. The term is also occasionally used to refer to penis enlargement.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Metoidioplasty</span> Surgical procedure used to create a penis from the clitoris

Metoidioplasty, metaoidioplasty, or metaidoioplasty is a female-to-male gender-affirming surgery.

Gender-affirming surgery for female-to-male transgender people includes a variety of surgical procedures that alter anatomical traits to provide physical traits more comfortable to the trans man's male identity and functioning.

Gender-affirming surgery for male-to-female transgender women or transfeminine non-binary people describes a variety of surgical procedures that alter the body to provide physical traits more comfortable and affirming to an individual's gender identity and overall functioning.

Vaginoplasty is any surgical procedure that results in the construction or reconstruction of the vagina. It is a type of genitoplasty. Pelvic organ prolapse is often treated with one or more surgeries to repair the vagina. Sometimes a vaginoplasty is needed following the treatment or removal of malignant growths or abscesses to restore a normal vaginal structure and function. Surgery to the vagina is done to correct congenital defects to the vagina, urethra and rectum. It may correct protrusion of the urinary bladder into the vagina (cystocele) and protrusion of the rectum (rectocele) into the vagina. Often, a vaginoplasty is performed to repair the vagina and its attached structures due to trauma or injury.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Scrotoplasty</span> Type of surgery to create or repair the scrotum

Scrotoplasty, also known as oscheoplasty, is a type of surgery to create or repair the scrotum. The history of male genital plastic surgery is rooted in many cultures and dates back to ancient times. However, scientific research for male genital plastic surgery such as scrotoplasty began to develop in the early 1900s. The development of testicular implants began in 1940 made from materials outside of what is used today. Today, testicular implants are created from saline or gel filled silicone rubber. There are a variety of reasons why scrotoplasty is done. Some transgender men and intersex or non-binary people who were assigned female at birth may choose to have this surgery to create a scrotum, as part of their transition. Other reasons for this procedure include addressing issues with the scrotum due to birth defects, aging, or medical conditions such as infection. For newborn males with penoscrotal defects such as webbed penis, a condition in which the penile shaft is attached to the scrotum, scrotoplasty can be performed to restore normal appearance and function. For older male adults, the scrotum may extend with age. Scrotoplasty or scrotal lift can be performed to remove the loose, excess skin. Scrotoplasty can also be performed for males who undergo infection, necrosis, traumatic injury of the scrotum.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Labiaplasty</span> Plastic surgery procedure for altering the labia minora

Labiaplasty is a plastic surgery procedure for creating or altering the labia minora and the labia majora, the folds of skin of the human vulva. It is a type of vulvoplasty. There are two main categories of women seeking cosmetic genital surgery: those with conditions such as intersex, and those with no underlying condition who experience physical discomfort or wish to alter the appearance of their vulvas because they believe they do not fall within a normal range.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vaginectomy</span> Surgical removal of the vagina

Vaginectomy is a surgery to remove all or part of the vagina. It is one form of treatment for individuals with vaginal cancer or rectal cancer that is used to remove tissue with cancerous cells. It can also be used in gender-affirming surgery. Some people born with a vagina who identify as trans men or as nonbinary may choose vaginectomy in conjunction with other surgeries to make the clitoris more penis-like (metoidioplasty), construct of a full-size penis (phalloplasty), or create a relatively smooth, featureless genital area.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Penile implant</span> Medical device

A penile implant is an implanted device intended for the treatment of erectile dysfunction, Peyronie's disease, ischemic priapism, deformity and any traumatic injury of the penis, and for phalloplasty or metoidioplasty, including in gender-affirming surgery. Men also opt for penile implants for aesthetic purposes. Men's satisfaction and sexual function is influenced by discomfort over genital size which leads to seek surgical and non-surgical solutions for penis alteration. Although there are many distinct types of implants, most fall into one of two categories: malleable and inflatable transplants.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Human penis</span> Human male external reproductive organ

In human anatomy, the penis is an external male sex organ that additionally serves as the urinary duct. The main parts are the root, body, the epithelium of the penis including the shaft skin, and the foreskin covering the glans. The body of the penis is made up of three columns of tissue: two corpora cavernosa on the dorsal side and corpus spongiosum between them on the ventral side. The urethra passes through the prostate gland, where it is joined by the ejaculatory duct, and then through the penis. The urethra goes across the corpus spongiosum and ends at the tip of the glans as the opening, the urinary meatus. It is a passage both for excretion of urine and the ejaculation of semen.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Human penis size</span> Measurement of the human penis

Human penises vary in size on a number of measures, including length and circumference when flaccid and erect. Besides the natural variability of human penises in general, there are factors that lead to minor variations in a particular male, such as the level of arousal, time of day, ambient temperature, anxiety level, physical activity, and frequency of sexual activity. Compared to other primates, including large examples such as the gorilla, the human penis is thickest, both in absolute terms and relative to the rest of the body. Most human penis growth occurs in two stages: the first between infancy and the age of five; and then between about one year after the onset of puberty and, at the latest, approximately 17 years of age.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Clitoral hood reduction</span> Cosmetic surgical procedure

Clitoral hood reduction, also termed clitoral hoodectomy, clitoral unhooding, clitoridotomy, or (partial) hoodectomy, is a plastic surgery procedure for reducing the size and the area of the clitoral hood in order to further expose the glans of the clitoris.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gary Alter</span> American surgeon

Gary J. Alter is an American plastic surgeon. His specialties include sex reassignment surgery, genital reconstruction surgery and facial feminization surgery. He appeared in two episodes of the reality television series, Dr. 90210. PRNewswire reported on June 5, 2015 that Dr. Gary J. Alter performed the body work plastic surgery on Caitlyn Jenner. He has a practice in Beverly Hills, CA.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sexual arousal</span> Physiological and psychological changes in preparation for sexual intercourse

Sexual arousal describes the physiological and psychological responses in preparation for sexual intercourse or when exposed to sexual stimuli. A number of physiological responses occur in the body and mind as preparation for sexual intercourse, and continue during intercourse. Male arousal will lead to an erection, and in female arousal, the body's response is engorged sexual tissues such as nipples, clitoris, vaginal walls, and vaginal lubrication.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Webbed penis</span> Medical condition

Webbed penis also known as buried or concealed penis is an acquired or congenital condition in which the scrotal skin extends onto the ventral penile shaft. The penile shaft is buried in the scrotum or tethered to the scrotal midline by a fold or web of skin. The urethra and erectile bodies are usually normal. Webbed penis is usually asymptomatic, but the cosmetic appearance is often unacceptable. This condition may be corrected by surgical techniques.

A penile injury is a medical emergency that afflicts the penis. Common injuries include fracture, avulsion injury, strangulation, entrapment, and amputation.

References

  1. ↑ University of California (1970). Medical Aspects of Human Sexuality - Volume 4, Issues 7-12. p. 128.
  2. ↑ Liechty, Richard (1989). Fundamentals of surgery. p. 492.
  3. ↑ Torio-Padron, Nestor G.; Stark, Björn; Földi, Etelka; Simunovic, Filip (2015) [published online 22 October 2014]. "Treatment of male genital lymphedema: An integrated concept". Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery. 68 (2): 262–8. doi:10.1016/j.bjps.2014.10.003. PMID   25456280.
  4. ↑ Jingde, Zhang; Xin, Xing; Entan, Guo; Junhui, Li; Chunyu, Xue; Xiaoyun, Wang (2009). "Surgical Treatment of Hermaphroditism: Experience With 25 Cases". Annals of Plastic Surgery. 63 (5): 543–551. doi:10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181955cf5. PMID   19806042.
  5. ↑ Goldwyn, Robert (1990). Reduction Mammaplasty. Little, Brown. p. 49. ISBN   0316319775.
  6. ↑ Hanson, Hilary (14 February 2015). "Penis Reduction Surgery Performed On Teen With Phallus Measuring 10 Inches Around (GRAPHIC)". Archived from the original on 2015-02-15. Retrieved 31 October 2018– via Huff Post.
  7. ↑ "Size Matters: Teen Undergoes 'World's First' Penis Reduction Surgery To Have Sex". 12 February 2015. Retrieved 31 October 2018.
  8. ↑ "Man's 19-Inch Penis to Be Reduced". Female First. 2015-09-14. Archived from the original on 2016-11-09.
  9. ↑ "A Kenyan man cannot have sex because his penis is 'too big'". 4 September 2016. Archived from the original on September 4, 2016. Retrieved 31 October 2018.
  10. ↑ "Man with 10.5-inch penis says he's often thought about getting reduction surgery". LADbible. 25 October 2022. Retrieved 2022-10-28.
  11. ↑ "USF performs first penis reduction". The Oracle. 2015-02-17. Retrieved 31 October 2018.
  12. ↑ Hallett, John (2009). Comprehensive Vascular and Endovascular Surgery. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 871. ISBN   978-0-323-05726-4. Archived from the original on 2021-11-29. Retrieved 2021-12-21.
  13. ↑ Mostafa, Taymour. "Precocious puberty: a question to be answered". Human Andrology 6.2 (2016): 31-37, APA. doi: 10.1097/01.XHA.0000473646.90564.16 Archived 2021-11-29 at the Wayback Machine
  14. ↑ Fisher, William A., Nyla R. Branscombe, and Charles R. Lemery. "The bigger the better? Arousal and attributional responses to erotic stimuli that depict different size penises." Journal of Sex Research 19.4 (1983): 377-396. JSTOR:3812063; doi:10.1080/00224498309551199
  15. ↑ Wallen, Kim, and Elisabeth A. Lloyd. "Female sexual arousal: Genital anatomy and orgasm in intercourse". Hormones and behavior 59.5 (2011): 780-792. doi:10.1016%2Fj.yhbeh.2010.12.004 Archived 2021-11-29 at archive.today
  16. ↑ Reid, Heather (2012). "Athletic beauty in classical Greece: A philosophical view". Journal of the Philosophy of Sport. 39 (2): 281. doi:10.1080/00948705.2012.725900. S2CID   191475516.
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