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The term magistrate is used in a variety of systems of governments and laws to refer to a civilian officer who administers the law. In ancient Rome,a magistratus was one of the highest ranking government officers,and possessed both judicial and executive powers. In other parts of the world,such as China,magistrate is a word applied to a person responsible for administration over a particular geographic area. Today,in some jurisdictions,a magistrate is a judicial officer who hears cases in a lower court,and typically deals with more minor or preliminary matters. In other jurisdictions,magistrates are typically trained volunteers appointed to deal with criminal and civil matters in their local areas.
In the United States,a district attorney (DA),county attorney,county prosecutor,state's attorney,prosecuting attorney,commonwealth's attorney,state attorney or solicitor is the chief prosecutor or chief law enforcement officer representing a U.S. state in a local government area,typically a county or a group of counties. The exact scope of the office varies by state. Generally,the prosecutor represents the people of the jurisdiction in the state's courts. With the exception of three states,district attorneys are elected,unlike similar roles in other common law jurisdictions.
A prosecutor is a legal representative of the prosecution in states with either the adversarial system,which is adopted in common law,or inquisitorial system,which is adopted in civil law. The prosecution is the legal party responsible for presenting the case in a criminal trial against the defendant,an individual accused of breaking the law. Typically,the prosecutor represents the state or the government in the case brought against the accused person.
George Pell was an Australian cardinal of the Catholic Church. He served as the inaugural prefect of the Secretariat for the Economy between 2014 and 2019,and was a member of the Council of Cardinal Advisers between 2013 and 2018. Ordained a priest in 1966 and bishop in 1987,he was made a cardinal in 2003. Pell served as the eighth Archbishop of Sydney (2001–2014),the seventh Archbishop of Melbourne (1996–2001) and an auxiliary bishop of Melbourne (1987–1996). He was also an author,columnist and public speaker. From 1996,Pell maintained a high public profile on a wide range of issues,while retaining an adherence to Catholic orthodoxy.
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Catholic sexual abuse cases in Australia,like Catholic Church sexual abuse cases elsewhere,have involved convictions,trials and ongoing investigations into allegations of sex crimes committed by Catholic priests,members of religious orders and other personnel which have come to light in recent decades,along with the growing awareness of sexual abuse within other religious and secular institutions.
Mark Samuel Weinberg is a former judge of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria from July 2008 to May 2018. He is a former judge of the Federal Court of Australia who served from July 1998 to July 2008.
Anne Ferguson is an Australian judge and former lawyer who has served as Chief Justice of Victoria since 2 October 2017. She was first appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Victoria in 2010.
Martin William Denton Beddoe is a British judge known for having presided over many high-profile criminal cases. He is a former Crown Court Recorder,member of the Parole Board of England and Wales and a tutor judge of the Judicial College. In March 2013,he was one of the judges appointed to hear an inquest into the death of Olaseni Lewis.
Patricia Anne Bergin is a former judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales.
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References
- ↑ "Senior Crown Prosecutor Appointed Chief Judge of County Court".
- ↑ "Judicial College of Victoria Board".
- ↑ "Board of the Judicial Commission of Victoria".
- ↑ "George Pell jailed for 'breathtakingly arrogant' abuse of two choirboys". ABC News. 13 March 2019. Retrieved 21 August 2019.
- ↑ https://assets.documentcloud.org/documents/6826839/High-Court-of-Australia-Pell-v-The-Queen.pdf [ bare URL PDF ]
- 1 2 3 "Welcome - His Honour Chief Judge Peter Kidd".
- ↑ "Peter Kidd SC appointed Chief Judge of the County Court of Victoria".
- ↑ "Law Institute of Victoria: New Kidd on the block".