Stenvinkel has conducted translational research,emphasizing risk factors for metabolic,cardiovascular,and nutritional complications in chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Nephrology and cardiovascular disease
Stenvinkel's research has focused on the need for effective interventions addressing cardiovascular and nutritional complications in chronic kidney disease (CKD). In one of his highly cited studies,he explored the correlation between malnutrition,inflammation,and atherosclerosis to delve into their collective impact on cardiovascular disease (CVD) development in CKD patients,suggesting a synergistic effect in promoting atherosclerosis. [9] Discussing chronic inflammation in CKD patients,he proposed a classification system for two types of malnutrition in CKD, [10] and expanded on the relationship between inflammation and malnutrition by presenting the hypothesis that increased oxidative stress significantly influences CVD development in uremic patients. [11] He showed that inflammation acts as a catalyst and changes the risk factor profile [12] and also contributed to a technical note emphasizing the complexity of uremic retention,highlighting the need for comprehensive analytical methods beyond traditional markers like urea and creatinine. [13]
Among other highly cited works,Stenvinkel's collaborative research explored the role of oxidative stress in CKD,focusing on its impact on CVD morbidity and mechanisms leading to enhanced oxidative stress in CKD. [14] Additionally,he investigated how dysregulated cytokine networks contributed to accelerated atherosclerosis,resulting in increased inflammation risk in CKD patients, [15] as well as demonstrated a link between immune dysfunction,CVD,and infections,leading to mortality in ESRD patients. [16] In 2002,he show that IL-6 is a predictor of mortality in CKD which was evidenced by his study on end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients at the outset of dialysis treatment. [17]
Stenvinkel was part of the consortium,which identified sixteen novel genetic loci associated with blood pressure regulation,offering insights and potential therapeutic pathways for cardiovascular disease prevention. [18] He has examined the bidirectional association between CKD and CVD,emphasizing the challenges in identifying cardiovascular culprits due to paradoxical associations and suggesting the potential role of proteomics and epigenetics in understanding vascular risk factors. [19] He also addressed the overlooked epidemic of CKD and its association with CVD to emphasize early diagnosis through proteinuria. [20] In recent years his research highlighted the premature aging, [21] and accelerated vascular aging in the toxic uremic milieu, [22] as well as advocated for interdisciplinary collaboration for innovative CKD treatments using insights from diverse species. [23] In related research,he advocated for the concept of "food as medicine" in metabolic diseases like CKD,emphasizing dietary interventions,as bioactive nutrients have shown promise in mitigating CKD-related features. [24]
Stenvinkel was part of the group that standardized the terminology for muscle wasting,malnutrition,and inflammation in CKD and AKI,and introduced "protein-energy wasting (PEW)" to describe loss of body protein mass and fuel reserves. [25] He researched PEW in CKD patients,outlining its multifactorial etiology,including insufficient food intake,uremia-induced alterations,inflammation,acidosis,comorbidities [26] and addressed interventions for PEW underscoring the effectiveness of nutritional supplementation and emerging therapies like anabolic agents. [27]
Planetary health
Stenvinkel's research in planetary health has examined how environmental and climate threats have triggered processes like inflammation,oxidative stress,and mitochondrial dysfunction,reshaping disease patterns and increasing the risk of chronic conditions such as dementia,obesity,and diabetes. [28] His work has also endorsed more sustainable healthcare practices,including reconsidering food production and consumption, [29] and has suggested the use of interdisciplinary collaboration,biomimetic organizational models,and nature-inspired solutions in mitigating climate change as strategies to address environmental degradation and biodiversity loss. [30] In 2024,he published a Swedish science book on Nature´s Intelligence and has published science texts on the link between animal hibernation and aging. [31]
