Adelophryne is a genus of frogs in the family Eleutherodactylidae. They are native to northern South America east of the Andes, known roughly from the area corresponding to the Guiana Shield, as well as to the coastal area of Bahia, Brazil. Whether the genus is truly distinct from Phyzelaphryne remains uncertain. Common name shield frogs has been proposed for this genus, although the stem flea frog is used for some species.
Ischnocnema is a genus of frogs from eastern Brazil and north-eastern Argentina. They comprise the former Eleutherodactylus from this region, but they are closer to Brachycephalus than the "true" Eleutherodactylus. Consequently, they are now placed in their own genus Ischnocnema in the family Brachycephalidae.
Physalaemus is a large genus of leptodactylid frogs. These frogs, sometimes known as dwarf frogs or foam frogs, are found in South America. It is very similar to Leptodactylus, a close relative, and indeed the recently described Leptodactylus lauramiriamae is in some aspects intermediate between them.
Leptodactylus is a genus of leptodactylid frogs. It includes the species commonly called ditch frogs or white-lipped frogs. It is very similar to Physalaemus, a close relative, and indeed the 2005 described Leptodactylus lauramiriamae is in some aspects intermediate between them. The name means ‘slender finger’, from leptos and the Greek daktylos.
Pseudopaludicola is a genus of leptodactylid frogs from lowland northern and central South America. They are known under the common name dwarf swamp frogs or swamp frogs.
Phantasmarana jordanensis is a species of frog in the family Hylodidae. It is endemic to southeastern Brazil and only known from its type locality, Campos do Jordão in the São Paulo state. Its natural habitat is forest at 1,700 m (5,600 ft) asl.
Hylodes is a genus of frogs in the family Hylodidae. The genus may be paraphyletic with respect to Megaelosia. The genus Hylodes is endemic to southeastern Brazil. Member species are also known commonly as the tree toads, or more ambiguously, as torrent frogs. They are diurnal and usually inhabit shallow mountain streams.
Phantasmarana apuana is a species of frog in the family Hylodidae. It is endemic to Brazil. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forest and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Phantasmarana bocainensis, also known as Bocaina big tooth frog is a species of frog in the family Hylodidae. It is endemic to Brazil and only known from its type locality in the Serra da Bocaina National Park, São Paulo state.
Phantasmarana boticariana is a species of frog in the family Hylodidae. It is endemic to southeastern Brazil and only known from few specimens from its type locality, Parque Estadual do Itapetinga in Atibaia, São Paulo state.
Megaelosia goeldii, also known as the Rio big-tooth frog, is a species of frog in the family Hylodidae. It is the only member of the genus Megaelosia. It is endemic to Southeast Brazil and occurs in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro states. It is named after Émil Goeldi, a Swiss zoologist who worked in Brazil.
Phantasmarana lutzae is a species of frog in the family Hylodidae. It is endemic to Brazil and only known from its type locality in the Itatiaia National Park, Rio de Janeiro state. It is named in honor of Bertha Lutz, a Brazilian zoologist and feminist.
Phantasmarana massarti is a species of frog in the family Hylodidae. It is endemic to Brazil. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and rivers.
Arcovomer is a genus of frogs in the family Microhylidae. It is monotypic, being represented by the single species Arcovomer passarellii, commonly known as Passarelli's frog. It is endemic to south-eastern Brazil and found in Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo states. Frogs from Espírito Santo may represent another, undescribed species. The name honours Antonio Passarelli who collected the holotype.
Hylodidae, commonly known as giant Neotropical torrent frogs, is a family of frogs native to Brazil and northern Argentina. Phylogenetic evidence suggests the Hylodidae being the sister group to the Alsodidae.
Pithecopus is a genus of frogs in the subfamily Phyllomedusinae. Species of the genus Pithecopus are found in tropical South America east of the Andes, from southern Venezuela to northern Argentina. Resurrected from the synonymy of Phyllomedusa in 2016, it corresponds to the former Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis group. Its sister group is Callimedusa.
Pithecopus araguaius is a species of frog in the family Hylidae, endemic to Brazil. It has been observed in Mato Grasso. This frog has been observed 418 meters above sea level.
Pithecopus gonzagai is a species of frog in the family Hylidae, endemic to Brazil. It lives several states north of the Rio São Francisco.
Phantasmarana tamuia is a species of frog in the family Hylodidae. It lives in São Paulo in Brazil.
Phantasmarana curucutuensis is a species of frog in the family Hylodidae. It is endemic to the state of São Paulo in Brazil.
