Ischnocnema is a genus of frogs from eastern Brazil and north-eastern Argentina. They comprise the former Eleutherodactylus from this region, but they are closer to Brachycephalus than the "true" Eleutherodactylus. Consequently, they are now placed in their own genus Ischnocnema in the family Brachycephalidae.
Physalaemus is a large genus of leptodactylid frogs. These frogs, sometimes known as dwarf frogs or foam frogs, are found in South America. It is very similar to Leptodactylus, a close relative, and indeed the recently described Leptodactylus lauramiriamae is in some aspects intermediate between them.
Leptodactylus is a genus of leptodactylid frogs. It includes the species commonly called ditch frogs or white-lipped frogs. It is very similar to Physalaemus, a close relative, and indeed the 2005 described Leptodactylus lauramiriamae is in some aspects intermediate between them. The name means ‘slender finger’, from leptos and the Greek daktylos.
Cycloramphus is a genus of frogs in the family Cycloramphidae. The genus is endemic to the southeastern Brazil. They are sometimes known as the button frogs.
Hylodes asper, or the Brazilian torrent frog, is a species of frogs in the family Hylodidae. It is endemic to the Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo states in southeastern Brazil. Living in a high-noise environment, the species uses "semaphoring" to supplement acoustic signalling.
Hylodes glaber or the Itatiaia tree toad is a species of frog in the family Hylodidae. It is endemic to Brazil and has been observed in and near Itatiaia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forest, subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland, and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Hylodes heyeri is a species of frog in the family Hylodidae. It is endemic to Brazil. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, subtropical or tropical moist montane forest, rivers, and subterranean habitats on the Atlantic side of the country. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Hylodes phyllodes, or the Boraceia tree toad, is a species of frog in the family Hylodidae. It is endemic to Brazil. It has been observed in Serro do Mar in the state of São Paulo. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Hylodes sazimai is a species of frog in the family Hylodidae. It is endemic to Brazil. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, subtropical or tropical moist montane forest, and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Hylodes uai is a species of frog in the family Hylodidae. It is endemic to the Espinhaço Mountains in the Minas Gerais state, Brazil, where it is known from the Mangabeiras Park in Belo Horizonte, and another location on the southern end of the Espinhaço Mountains. It is the most-inland species of the genus.
Hylodes vanzolinii is a species of frog in the family Hylodidae.
Thoropa is a genus of frogs in the family Cycloramphidae. They are endemic to eastern and southeastern Brazil. They are sometimes known as river frogs.
Hylodidae, commonly known as giant Neotropical torrent frogs, is a family of frogs native to Brazil and northern Argentina. Phylogenetic evidence suggests the Hylodidae being the sister group to the Alsodidae.
Hylodes fredi is a species of frog in the family Hylodidae, endemic to the island of Ilha Grande, Brazil.
Hylodes pipilans is a species of frog in the family Hylodidae, known to occur near the Soberbo River at Serra dos Órgãos at elevations between 245 and 814 meters above sea level, municipality of Guapimirim, and in the municipality of Cachoeiras de Macacu, both located in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is diurnally active.
Hylodes japi is a species of frogs in the family Hylodidae.
Hylodes caete is a species of frogs in the family Hylodidae. It is endemic to Serra do Mar, in the State of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil.
Phantasmarana is a genus of frogs in the family Hylodidae. The genus is endemic to the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil.
Hylodes cardosoi is a species of frog in the family Hylodidae. It is endemic to the state of São Paulo in Brazil.
