Pia Cramling

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Pia Cramling
PiaCramling23c.jpg
Pia Cramling in 2023
Born
Pia Ann Rosa-Della Cramling

(1963-04-23) 23 April 1963 (age 60)
Stockholm, Sweden
Spouse Juan Manuel Bellón López
Children Anna Cramling Bellón
Country Sweden
Title Grandmaster (1992)
FIDE   rating 2448 (April 2024)
Peak rating 2550 (October 2008)
Peak rankingNo. 1 woman (January 1984)
No. 178 (July 1992)

Pia Ann Rosa-Della Cramling [1] (born 23 April 1963) is a Swedish chess grandmaster.

Contents

In 1992, she became the fifth woman to earn the FIDE title of Grandmaster (GM). Since the early 1980s, she has been one of the strongest female players in the world as well as having been the highest-rated woman in the FIDE World Rankings on three occasions. She was the clear number-one-rated woman in the January 1984 rating list, and joint number-one-rated woman in the July 1984 list. [2] [3]

Career

Cramling is, aside from Judit Polgar (who chose not to play in women's events), the only woman to have earned the grandmaster title before 2000 who has never won the Women's World Champion crown. According to Cramling, one explanation for this is that the World Championship is a team effort and more prominent chess nations are able to give their players better support in important events. [4] Nevertheless, Cramling has been in reasonably close contention for the crown on four occasions (all in different decades). In the 1986 and 1996 Candidates cycle she came in fourth and third, respectively. Since the Women's World Championship has been held with the knockout format, she reached the semifinals in 2008 and 2015. These latter results qualified her to play in the FIDE Women's Grand Prix series in 2009–11 and 2015–16, respectively. She has had greater success in Europe, where she won the Women's European Individual Chess Championship in 2003 and 2010. [5] In 2006, she won the Accentus Ladies Tournament in Biel. [6]

In team competitions, Cramling represented Sweden in the Chess Olympiad in both the open and women's events, European Team Chess Championship in both open and women's sections, Telechess Olympiad and Nordic Cup. In the Women's Chess Olympiad, she has won the individual gold medal as the best player on board 1 (according to the rating performance) in 1984, 1988 and 2022. In the European Club Cup for Women, Cramling has won the team gold medal in 2007, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2013 and 2016 playing for team Cercle d'Echecs Monte Carlo.

Cramling earned the International Master (IM) title in 1983 and the Grandmaster (GM) title in 1992. She defeated Raymond Keene in the tournament where she earned her first IM norm. She earned her three GM norms in Italy in 1989, in Las Palmas in 1990, and Bern in 1992. [7]

Personal life

Cramling is married to the Spanish grandmaster Juan Manuel Bellón López. The two met in Zürich, in 1984, and married four years later; since Cramling's promotion to grandmaster in 1992, they became the first chess couple whose partners both hold the highest title in chess. [8] Bellón and Cramling lived in Spain for a number of years, but later moved back to Sweden.

Their daughter, Anna Cramling Bellón, is a Woman FIDE Master and a chess YouTuber and Twitch streamer. At the 42nd and 44th Chess Olympiad, mother and daughter both played for Sweden, Pia being team captain on board 1 and Anna playing on board 5 [9] [10] and 3, respectively.

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References

  1. ↑ "Athletes / CRAMLING Pia Ann Rosa-Della". worldmindgames2012.sportresult.com. Archived from the original on 19 February 2019. Retrieved 8 July 2017.
  2. ↑ "FIDE Rating List January 1984". OlimpBase. Retrieved 28 March 2015.
  3. ↑ "FIDE Rating List July 1984". OlimpBase. Retrieved 28 March 2015.
  4. ↑ "Nära toppen i Naltjik" (PDF) (in Swedish). Tidskrift för Schack. 1 July 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 28 March 2015.
  5. ↑ "Rijeka: Nepomniachtchi, Cramling European champions". ChessBase. 18 March 2010. Retrieved 18 March 2010.
  6. ↑ "The remarkable Alexander Morozevich wins Biel". ChessBase. 4 August 2006. Retrieved 6 November 2015.
  7. ↑ Träff, Pär. "Pia Cramling". Limhamns SK (in Swedish). Retrieved 20 August 2022.
  8. ↑ Frey, Eduard (23 April 2023). "Ten Highlights in the Life and Career of Chess Grandmaster Pia Cramling". chessbase.com. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
  9. ↑ The Family Team of Sweden, ChessHive.com, 6 September 2016
  10. ↑ 42nd Olympiad Baku 2016 Women, chess-results.com
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