Pinealon

Last updated

Pinealon
Pinealon.svg
Clinical data
Other namesGlu-Asp-Arg
Identifiers
  • (4S)-4-Amino-5-{{#parsoidfragment:2}}(2S)-3-carboxy-1-{{#parsoidfragment:3}}(1S)-1-carboxy-4-(diaminomethylideneamino)butyl]amino]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-5-oxopentanoic acid
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
ChEBI
Chemical and physical data
Formula C15H26N6O8
Molar mass 418.407 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • C(C[C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)O)N)CN=C(N)N
  • InChI=1S/C15H26N6O8/c16-7(3-4-10(22)23)12(26)21-9(6-11(24)25)13(27)20-8(14(28)29)2-1-5-19-15(17)18/h7-9H,1-6,16H2,(H,20,27)(H,21,26)(H,22,23)(H,24,25)(H,28,29)(H4,17,18,19)/t7-,8-,9-/m0/s1
  • Key:QPRZKNOOOBWXSU-CIUDSAMLSA-N

Pinealon, also known as EDR peptide, is a synthetic tripeptide of sequence (Glu-Asp-Arg) and purported geroprotector documented in the Russian scientific literature. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] Pinealon is one of several tripeptide "bioregulators" developed in Russia. [7] [8] [9]

Contents

Research

Pinealon has been shown to protect rat offspring from prenatal hyperhomocysteinemia and correspondingly improve post natal cognitive function. [10]

Pinealon likewise maintains learning retention rats with experimentally-induced diabetes. [11]

Chemistry

Pinealon is a tripeptide composed of L-glutamic acid, L-aspartic acid, and L-arginine and is notated as Glu-Asp-Arg or EDR. [12]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Meshchaninov VN, Tkachenko EL, Zharkov SV, Gavrilov IV, Katyreva I (2015). "Effect of Synthetic Peptides on Aging of Patients with Chronic Polymorbidity and Organic Brain Syndrome of the Central Nervous System in Remission". Advances in Gerontology = Uspekhi Gerontologii. 28 (1): 62–67. PMID   26390612.
  2. ↑ Mendzheritskiĭ AM, Karantysh GV, Ivonina KO (2011). "[Effects of introduction of short peptides before carotid artery occlusion on behaviour and caspase-3 activity in the brain of old rats]". Advances in Gerontology = Uspekhi Gerontologii. 24 (1): 74–79. PMID   21809624.
  3. ↑ Khavinson V, Ribakova Y, Kulebiakin K, Vladychenskaya E, Kozina L, Arutjunyan A, et al. (October 2011). "Pinealon increases cell viability by suppression of free radical levels and activating proliferative processes". Rejuvenation Research. 14 (5): 535–541. doi:10.1089/rej.2011.1172. PMID   21978084.
  4. ↑ Kozina LS (2008). "[Investigation of antihypoxic properties of short peptides]". Advances in Gerontology = Uspekhi Gerontologii. 21 (1): 61–67. PMID   18546825.
  5. ↑ Khavinson VKh, Lin'kova NS, Tarnovskaya SI, Umnov RS, Elashkina EV, Durnova AO. Short peptides stimulate serotonin expression in cells of brain cortex. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2014 May;157(1):77-80. doi : 10.1007/s10517-014-2496-y PMID   24909721
  6. ↑ Khavinson V, Linkova N, Kozhevnikova E, Trofimova S (2020-12-31). "EDR Peptide: Possible Mechanism of Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis Regulation Involved in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease". Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 26 (1): 159. doi: 10.3390/molecules26010159 . ISSN   1420-3049. PMC   7795577 . PMID   33396470.
  7. ↑ Bashkireva AS, Artamonova VG (2012). "[The peptide correction of neurotic disorders among professional truck-drivers]". Advances in Gerontology = Uspekhi Gerontologii. 25 (4): 718–728. ISSN   1561-9125. PMID   23734521.
  8. ↑ Yumpu.com. "GARMONIA Ltd. – visit u". yumpu.com. Retrieved 2024-06-11.
  9. ↑ Kitachev KV, Sazonov AB, Kozlov KL, Petrov KI, Sliusarev AS, Khavinson VK (2014). "[The efficacy of peptide bioregulators of vessels in lower limbs chronic arterial insufficiency treatment in old and elderly people]". Advances in Gerontology = Uspekhi Gerontologii. 27 (1): 156–159. ISSN   1561-9125. PMID   25051774.
  10. ↑ Arutjunyan A, Kozina L, Stvolinskiy S, Bulygina Y, Mashkina A, Khavinson V (2012-04-06). "Pinealon protects the rat offspring from prenatal hyperhomocysteinemia". International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. 5 (2): 179–185. PMC   3342713 . PMID   22567179.
  11. ↑ Karantysh GV, Fomenko MP, Menzheritskii AM, Prokof'ev VN, Ryzhak GA, Butenko EV (July 2020). "Effect of Pinealon on Learning and Expression of NMDA Receptor Subunit Genes in the Hippocampus of Rats with Experimental Diabetes". Neurochemical Journal. 14 (3): 314–320. doi:10.1134/S181971242003006X. ISSN   1819-7132. S2CID   255382498.
  12. ↑ "Pinealon". PubChem. U.S. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 2023-09-18.
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