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The following is a list of the Polish military oaths, both historical and contemporary.
This oath is in current use in the Polish Armed Forces. Last line is optional.
Polish [1] | English (Not a professional translation) |
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Ja żołnierz Wojska Polskiego, Przysięgam, Służyć wiernie Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej, Bronić jej niepodległości i granic, Stać na straży Konstytucji, Strzec honoru żołnierza polskiego, Sztandaru wojskowego bronić, Za sprawę mojej Ojczyzny, W potrzebie krwi własnej ani życia nie szczędzić, Tak mi dopomóż Bóg! | I, as a soldier/sailor/airman of the Polish Armed Forces, Do Swear, To Serve loyally the Republic of Poland, To defend her independence and borders, To keep guard over the Constitution, To defend the honor of a Polish soldier, To defend the military banners and standards of the Armed Forces, For the sake of my Fatherland, Even at the cost of losing both my life and blood. So help me God! (optional) |
In 1788, the State Defence Commission of the Commonwealth of Poland and Lithuania issued this following military oath to all military personnel of the Commonwealth armed services. This is the oath spoken in Polish.
The Oath of Tadeusz Kościuszko, sworn in the old town market of Kraków on 24 March 1794, at the outbreak of the Kościuszko Uprising.
The oath was prepared by the German authorities and on July 3, 1917 presented to Gen. Hans Beseler, then the German governor of Warsaw and the highest authority of the planned Polnische Wehrmacht military formation. He invoked in swearing to the loyalty of the Polish Legions with it, thus putting them under direct German command.
However, the Polish Legions were already enraged with the German and Austro-Hungarian plans to place limits on Polish independence. In addition, they were angered by and also the Austro-Hungarian's dismissal of Józef Piłsudski, who was the Legions' leader. Therefore, most of the soldiers of the Legions declined to swear allegiance to a non-existent king of Poland or to a foreign government, which led to the so-called Oath Crisis.
Oath written by General Józef Haller and the Polish National Committee in 1918. It was used by the units of the Blue Army, that is the Polish Army formed in France at the end of the First World War.
To avoid an open conflict with Germany, the forces fighting in the Greater Poland Uprising formally declared the existence of a separate state, and those forces were then considered separate from the Polish Army. Hence the oath of the armed forces of Greater Poland was different from that used by other Polish units elsewhere.
During the interwar period, the unified Polish Army introduced three distinct oaths to accommodate the diverse religious beliefs of its soldiers. These oaths were established by the Basic Duties of a Soldier Act on July 18, 1924, and later reaffirmed by an order from the Ministry of Military Affairs on July 15, 1927.
Since the Armia Krajowa was formed of various smaller resistance organizations, initially the words of the oath used by the Polish underground varied. The following is the text for the Christians serving in the Home Army. Other denominations used different variations of it.
This oath was first taken on 15 July 1943, in Sielce, at the Oka River. It was used by the Soviet-backed military of Poland until the end of the Second World War and afterwards.
Following the establishment of the Third Polish Republic in 1989 and changing the name of the state: Polska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa to Rzeczpospolita Polska, the oath was changed, esp. the reference to "socialist Polish state" has been deleted from old text.
In 1992 the oath was changed again and significantly shortened. There is only one oath for all denominations, although each soldier can omit the last line according to their own beliefs. [7]
Poland does not legally recognize same-sex unions, either in the form of marriage or civil unions. In 2012, the Supreme Court ruled that same-sex couples have limited legal rights in regards to the tenancy of a shared household. A few laws also guarantee certain limited rights for unmarried couples, including couples of the same sex. Same-sex spouses also have access to residency rights under EU law.
Battle of Tomaszów Mazowiecki refers to the battle on 6 September 1939 near the town of Tomaszów Mazowiecki, Second Polish Republic, during the Invasion of Poland.
God, Honour, Fatherland or Honour and Fatherland is one of the unofficial mottos of Poland. It is commonly seen as the motto of the military of Poland, and has been confirmed as such by several Polish legal decrees.
Małgorzata Zajączkowska, also known as Margaret Sophie Stein, is a Polish actress. Beginning in 1979, she acted on stage in the Teatr Narodowy. In 1981, Zajączkowska moved to the United States and, adopting the stage name Margaret Sophie Stein, continued her acting career in television and film. She played Corvina Lang in the ABC daytime soap opera, All My Children from 1994 to 1995, and appeared in movies include Enemies: A Love Story (1989), Bullets Over Broadway (1994) and Simply Irresistible (1999). In 1996, Zajączkowska made her Broadway debut playing Miss Erikson in Present Laughter.
Grzegorz Halama is a Polish parodist, and cabaret actor. In 1995 he initiated Grzegorz Halama Oklasky, a Polish cabaret. He is a graduate of technikum elektryczno-elektroniczne and actor study L'Art Studio in Kraków.
Władysław Maria Jakowicki was a Polish soldier, physician and an academic. Professor and rector of the Stefan Batory University in Wilno (Vilnius). Arrested, imprisoned and died in the aftermath of the Soviet invasion of Poland, exact location and place of death unknown.
Rzeczpospolita Polska was the official monthly underground journal and mouthpiece of the Government Delegation for Poland, the highest authority of the Polish Underground State, accountable to the Polish government-in-exile located in London during the wartime occupation of its territory by two hostile powers. According to the historian Lewandowska, it acted as "a source of instruction and information" for Polish underground organizations in the field, including other underground publications, operating in occupied Poland. It was staffed by a network of professional writers both in Poland and correspondents in exile.
Stanisław Osada was a Polonia activist, Polish nationalist, and author. His writings are credited with raising the national consciousness of Polish immigrants in the United States.
Ignacy Hugo Stanisław Matuszewski was a Polish politician, publicist, diplomat, Minister of Finance of the Second Polish Republic, colonel, infantry officer and intelligence agent of the Polish Army, member of the International Olympic Committee. A strong supporter of Józef Piłsudski, he was counted among the "Colonels" and co-founded the Józef Piłsudski Institute of America.
Anna Maria Anders is the ambassador of the Republic of Poland to Italy and to San Marino.
The Monument to World War II Orthodox victims in Białystok is a privately funded memorial commemorating the memory of 5,000 Orthodox Christians from the Białystok region who perished in World War II and during the postwar repressions in Stalinist Poland.
Presidential elections were held in Poland on 28 June 2020. As no candidate received a majority of the vote, a second round was held on 12 July, in which incumbent president Andrzej Duda, running with the support of Law and Justice, faced off against Civic Platform vice-chairman and Mayor of Warsaw Rafał Trzaskowski. Results from the second round of voting, announced by the National Electoral Commission (PKW) on 13 July, indicated that Andrzej Duda had won re-election with 51.03% compared to Rafał Trzaskowski's 48.97%.
Polish presidential inauguration is an event marking the beginning of a new term for the president of Poland. According to Article 130 of the current Constitution of Poland (1997) the only condition of taking the office of President of Poland is taking the oath before the National Assembly. All other events are purely ceremonial.
Grzegorz Seweryn Kaliciak is a Colonel of Polish Armed Forces.
Janusz Andrzej Kotański is a Polish historian and teacher, he served as the Polish Ambassador to the Holy See from 2016 to 2022.
Anna Maria Żukowska is a Polish politician and jurist. Since 2019, she has been a member of the Sejm of Poland, representing Constituency no. 19, which consists of the city of Warsaw. She is a member of the New Left party and leader of The Left's parliamentary club.