Transport in Turkey is road-dominated and mostly fuelled by diesel. Transport consumes a quarter of energy in Turkey, and is a major source of air pollution in Turkey and greenhouse gas emissions by Turkey. The World Health Organization has called for more active transport such as cycling.
Physically bridging Europe and Asia, Turkey is a secular country that has pursued a Western-oriented foreign policy. To this end, Turkey uses its global diplomatic network—the fourth most extensive—of 246 diplomatic and consular missions.
Zonguldak Province is a province along the western Black Sea coast region of Turkey. The province is 3.481 km2 in size and has a population of 619,703. Its adjacent provinces are Düzce to the southwest, Bolu to the south, Karabük to the southeast, and Bartın to the east. The capital is Zonguldak. Its Governor is Mustafa Tutulmaz.
Samsun, historically known as Sampsounta and Amisos, is a city on the north coast of Turkey and a major Black Sea port. Over 700,000 people live in the city. The city is the capital of Samsun Province which has a population of over 1,350,000. The city is home to Ondokuz Mayıs University, several hospitals, three large shopping malls, Samsunspor football club, an opera and a large and modern manufacturing district. A former Greek settlement, the city is best known as the place where Mustafa Kemal Atatürk began the Turkish War of Independence in 1919.
The Isfendiyarids or Isfendiyarid dynasty, also known as the Beylik of Sinop, Beylik of Isfendiyar, Jandarids or Beylik of Jandar, was an Anatolian Turkoman beylik that ruled principally in the regions corresponding to present-day Kastamonu and Sinop provinces of Turkey, also covering parts of Zonguldak, Bartın, Karabük, Samsun, Bolu, Ankara and Çankırı provinces, between 1292 and 1461, in the Black Sea region of modern-day Turkey. The region is also known in Western literature as Paphlagonia, a name used for the same geographic area during the Roman period.
TCDD may refer to any of the following:
Bandırma is a city in northwestern Turkey with 161,894 inhabitants as of 2021 on the Sea of Marmara. Bandırma is a district of Balıkesir Province. Bandırma is located in the south of the Marmara Sea, in the bay with the same name, and is an important port city. It is approximately two hours away from Istanbul, Izmir and Bursa.
Turkey has a state-owned railway system built to standard gauge which falls under the remit of the Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure. The primary rail carrier is the Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devlet Demiryolları (TCDD) which is responsible for all long-distance and cross-border freight and passenger trains. A number of other companies operate suburban passenger trains in urban conurbations.
Algeria has an embassy in Ankara, and a general consulate in Istanbul. Turkey has an embassy in Algiers. Both countries are full members of the Union for the Mediterranean.
Indonesia and Turkey established diplomatic relations in 1950. Diplomatic relations are particularly important because both are Muslim-majority countries as well as modern democracies. Indonesia has an embassy in Ankara and consulate-general in Istanbul. Turkey has an embassy in Jakarta, and honorary consulate in Medan since May 1996. Both countries are full members of the World Trade Organization (WTO), Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), D-8 Organization for Economic Cooperation, MIKTA and the G-20 major economies.
The Samsun–Çarşamba Railway Line was a 37 km-long narrow gauge railway line from Samsun to Çarşamba.
The history of rail transport in Turkey began with the start of the placement in 1856 of a 130 kilometres (81 mi) railway line between Izmir and Aydın. The first finished Ottoman railway line was a 66 kilometres (41 mi) line between Köstence and Boğazköy built in 1859-1860.
The State Railways of the Republic of Turkey, abbreviated as TCDD, is a government-owned national railway company responsible with the ownership and maintenance of railway infrastructure in Turkey, as well as the planning and construction of new lines. TCDD was formed on 4 June 1929 as part of the nationalisation of railways in Turkey.
Mersin station is the main railway terminal in the city of Mersin, Turkey. The station is located in the ilçe (district) of Akdeniz. The station is in use since 1886.
Mersin Province is a Mediterraneran province of Turkey. The south eastern plain of the province is a part of Çukurova. But most of the province is mountainous with a number of small alluvial plains at the coastal band. Below are the transport facilities of the province.
The Turkish State Railways General Headquarters Building houses the general headquarters of the Turkish State Railways in Ankara, Turkey. It is located in Ulus in central Ankara adjacent to Ankara station on Hipodrom Avenue.
The Mandıra-Kırklareli railway was a 45.6 km (28.3 mi) long railway in East Thrace, Turkey. The railway branched off from the Istanbul-Pythio railway near Mandıra and headed north to Kırklareli.
The Prussian G 12 CFOA-type variant was a class of German 2-10-0 locomotives used by the Prussian state railways. The locomotives of this type were originally an order from the Ottoman Ministry of War, and fifteen examples were intended for the Chemins de fer Ottomans d'Anatolie (CFOA). Due to the course of the war, only five locomotives could initially be delivered by Henschel to the CFOA. The other five locomotives went to the German Military Railways with the consent of the customer. The were assigned to the Military Directorate General in Brussels as G 12 numbers 5551 to 5555. To replace these five locomotives, Henschel delivered another five locomotives to the CFOA in 1918. The remaining five locomotives ordered for the Ottoman Empire were not made.
Samsun Station is the main at-grade train station belonging to Turkish State Railways, located in the İstasyon neighborhood of the İlkadım district of Samsun. The station was constructed in 1926 and renovated in 2015. It provides both passenger and freight service between Samsun, Sivas and Amasya.
