Postage stamps and postal history of Mali

Last updated February 14, 2024

This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Mali.

Mali is a landlocked country in Western Africa bordering Algeria to the north, Niger to the east, Burkina Faso and the Côte d'Ivoire to the south, Guinea to the south-west, and Senegal and Mauritania to the west. Its size is just over 1,240,000 km² with a population more than 14 million. Its capital is Bamako.

The Mali Republic was created in September 1960 and occupies roughly the same territory as the former French Sudan. It replaced the previous, short lived, Mali Federation between French Sudan and Senegal.

Before 1959

From 1894 to 1902, the colony of French Sudan used the general issues of the French colonies (Alpheus Dubois and Group types) with the name of the colony. In 1903, the group-type stamps were marked "SENEGAMBIA AND NIGER", the new name of the colony.^[1] In 1906, new stamps were issued marked "Upper Senegal and Niger", a state which came into existence in 1904,^[1] with varied illustrations including colonial personalities: General Louis Faidherbe and Governor General Noël Ballay in 1906 and a Tuareg horseman in 1914.^[2] All the above stamps of this colony with its successive names became uncommon for letters until 1920.

In 1920, Upper Senegal and Niger became French Sudan and some of its regions became Upper Volta and Niger.^[3] The Tuareg horseman stamps were widely used in these three colonies until the late 1920s. From 1931 to 1944, the subjects were the Colonial Exhibition of 1931, Pierre and Marie Curie, the explorer René Caillié or the anniversary of the storming of the Bastille. But the subjects of the issues from 1931 became the most common. They include a Fulani milkmaid, the door of the Djenne residence, and a boatman on the river Niger.^[4] From 1944 to 1959, the French West Africa issues were used in the French Sudan.^[4]

Mali Federation

The first stamps of the Mali Federation were issued on 7 November 1959.^[5] In 1959 and early 1960 nine stamps were issued in the name of the short-lived Federation of Mali which consisted of Senegal and French Sudan. They depict symbols of the Federation with a series of fish and a common issue with some other of former French colonies in Africa. But tensions quickly arose between the two states of the new federation. Senegal then seceded, while the former Sudan retained the name of Mali, as well as the use of the Federation stamps. The stamps of the defunct federation are rare on letters, especially as in 1961 the remaining stock was overprinted "RÉPUBLIQUE DU MALI".

Mali Republic

The first stamps of the Mali Republic were issued in September 1960.^[5]^[6] The first two definitive issues were the presidents of the Republic of Mali: Mamadou Konaté and Modibo Keïta, the third representing the anniversary of independence. Mali's stamp represented local issues include economic activities, flora and fauna, traditions. International issues soon appeared: the Olympics and the anniversaries of the presidents of the United States. From 1964, initiatives to overcome locusts led to three issues.

Related Research Articles

French Sudan was a French colonial territory in the Federation of French West Africa from around 1880 until 1959, when it joined the Mali Federation, and then in 1960, when it became the independent state of Mali. The colony was formally called French Sudan from 1890 until 1899 and then again from 1921 until 1958, and had a variety of different names over the course of its existence. The colony was initially established largely as a military project led by French troops, but in the mid-1890s it came under civilian administration.

French West Africa was a federation of eight French colonial territories in West Africa: Mauritania, Senegal, French Sudan, French Guinea, Ivory Coast, Upper Volta, Dahomey and Niger. The federation existed from 1895 until 1958. Its capital was Saint-Louis in Senegal until 1902, and then Dakar until the federation's collapse in 1960.

Upper Senegal and Niger was a colony in French West Africa, created on 21 October 1904 from colonial Senegambia and Niger by the decree "For the Reorganisation of the general government of French West Africa".

French Sudan was established in the late nineteenth century and occupied roughly the same territory as modern Mali.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Postage stamps and postal history of Senegambia and Niger</span>

Senegambia and Niger was a short-lived administrative unit of the French possessions in Africa, formed in 1902 and reorganized in 1904 into Upper Senegal and Niger.

Upper Senegal and Niger was a colony in French West Africa created in 1904 from Senegambia and Niger. Niger became a separate military district in 1911 and a separate colony in 1922, Upper Volta was split off in 1919, and the remainder reorganized as French Sudan in 1920. The capital was Bamako.

The Mali Federation was a federation in West Africa linking the French colonies of Senegal and the Sudanese Republic for two months in 1960. It was founded on 4 April 1959 as a territory with self-rule within the French Community and became independent after negotiations with France on 20 June 1960. Two months later, on 19 August 1960, the Sudanese Republic leaders in the Mali Federation mobilized the army, and Senegal leaders in the federation retaliated by mobilizing the gendarmerie ; this resulted in a tense stand-off, and led to the withdrawal from the federation by Senegal the next day. The Sudanese Republic officials resisted this dissolution, cut off diplomatic relations with Senegal, and defiantly changed the name of their country to Mali. For the brief existence of the Mali Federation, the premier was Modibo Keïta, who would later become the first President of Mali, and its government was based in Dakar, the eventual capital of Senegal.

Each "article" in this category is a collection of entries about several stamp issuers, presented in alphabetical order. The entries are formulated on the micro model and so provide summary information about all known issuers.

This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Chad.

The Colony of Niger was a French colonial possession covering much of the territory of the modern West African state of Niger, as well as portions of Mali, Burkina Faso and Chad. It existed in various forms from 1900 to 1960 but was titled the Colonie du Niger only from 1922 to 1960.

This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Burkina Faso, known as Upper Volta until July 1984.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Postage stamps and postal history of Libya</span>

This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Libya. Libya is a country located in North Africa. Bordering the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Libya lies between Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad and Niger to the south, and Algeria and Tunisia to the west.

This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Senegal.

This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Niger, a former French colony that obtained independence in 1960.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Postage stamps and postal history of Guinea</span>

This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Guinea.

The Mali–Senegal border is 489 km in length and runs from the tripoint with Mauritania in the north to the tripoint with Guinea in the south.

References

1 2 Eyoh, Dickson; Zeleza, Paul Tiyambe (6 December 2012). Encyclopaedia of Twentieth-Century African History. Taylor & Francis. p. 226. ISBN 978-0-415-23479-5 . Retrieved 4 February 2013.
↑ "Stock Photo - FRANCE - CIRCA 1914 A stamp printed in France special for Upper Senegal and Niger shows Touareg, circa 1914". 123RF.
↑ Cuhaj, George S. (29 October 2012). Standard Catalog of World Paper Money General Issues - 1368-1960. Krause Publications. p. 528. ISBN 978-1-4402-3090-5 . Retrieved 4 February 2013.
1 2 Stanley Gibbons Simplified Catalogue: Stamps of the World in Colour, Volume 2, Countries E-J: 2004 edition (69 ed.). Stanley Gibbons Ltd London and Ringwood, Unwin Brothers, Old Woking, Surrey. November 2003. p. 227. ISBN 0852595514.
1 2 Rossiter, Stuart & John Flower. The Stamp Atlas. London: Macdonald, 1986, p.319. ISBN 0-356-10862-7
↑ "Mali | Stamps and postal history | StampWorldHistory". Archived from the original on 2018-03-03. Retrieved 12 August 2018.^{[ title missing ]}

External links

http://www.philatelicdatabase.com/africa/stamps-mali-timbuktu-africas-cultural-treasure/

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[EyohZeleza2012-1] 1 2 Eyoh, Dickson; Zeleza, Paul Tiyambe (6 December 2012). Encyclopaedia of Twentieth-Century African History. Taylor & Francis. p. 226. ISBN 978-0-415-23479-5 . Retrieved 4 February 2013.

[2] "Stock Photo - FRANCE - CIRCA 1914 A stamp printed in France special for Upper Senegal and Niger shows Touareg, circa 1914". 123RF.

[Cuhaj2012-3] Cuhaj, George S. (29 October 2012). Standard Catalog of World Paper Money General Issues - 1368-1960. Krause Publications. p. 528. ISBN 978-1-4402-3090-5 . Retrieved 4 February 2013.

[SG2-4] 1 2 Stanley Gibbons Simplified Catalogue: Stamps of the World in Colour, Volume 2, Countries E-J: 2004 edition (69 ed.). Stanley Gibbons Ltd London and Ringwood, Unwin Brothers, Old Woking, Surrey. November 2003. p. 227. ISBN 0852595514.

[ross-5] 1 2 Rossiter, Stuart & John Flower. The Stamp Atlas. London: Macdonald, 1986, p.319. ISBN 0-356-10862-7

[6] "Mali | Stamps and postal history | StampWorldHistory". Archived from the original on 2018-03-03. Retrieved 12 August 2018.^{[ title missing ]}

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