| Propylea dissecta | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Coccinellidae |
| Genus: | Propylea |
| Species: | P. dissecta |
| Binomial name | |
| Propylea dissecta (Mulsant, 1850) | |
Propylea dissecta, is a species of lady beetle native to India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and Nepal. [1] [2]
This robust beetle is about 5 to 6 mm in length. Elytra reddish orange in color with black central line. Adults show polymorphism with several intermediate and pale forms. [3]
Sexual maturity of male and female ladybirds is about 7 and 9 days respectively. Adult males are more willing to mate with females irrespective of age. Mating duration is longest amongst older adults where 30 day-old males and 20 day-old females can be found. [4] [5] Chemical signals as well as visual and tactile cues initiate male attraction toward females. Mating lasted longest about 275 minutes when it occurred between unmated individuals. [6]
It is a voracious predator on several aphids such as Aphis gossypii , Aphis craccivora , Lipaphis erysimi , Uroleucon compositae , Brevicoryne brassicae , Rhopalosiphum maidis and Myzus persicae . [7] [8] [9] [10]
Propylea is a small genus of lady beetles, including one widespread Old World species that is invasive in North America, Propylea quatuordecimpunctata.
Hippodamia convergens, commonly known as the convergent lady beetle, is one of the most common lady beetles in North America and is found throughout the continent. They tend to live a variety of habitats, including grasslands and forests.
Coccinellidae is a widespread family of small beetles. They are commonly known as ladybugs in North America and ladybirds in the United Kingdom; "lady" refers to mother Mary. Entomologists use the names ladybird beetles or lady beetles to avoid confusion with true bugs. The more than 6,000 described species have a global distribution and are found in a variety of habitats. They are oval beetles with a domed back and flat underside. Many of the species have conspicuous aposematic (warning) colours and patterns, such as red with black spots, that warn potential predators that they taste bad.
Coccinella transversalis, commonly known as the transverse ladybird or transverse lady beetle, is a species of ladybird beetle found from India across southern and southeastern Asia to Malesia and Australia. It is not to be confused with Coccinella transversoguttata, a widespread species in Europe and North America also known as the transverse ladybird. The alternative vernacular of small transverse ladybird may be used for C. transversalis in instances where these two species are discussed together.
Cryptolaemus montrouzieri, common name mealybug ladybird or mealybug destroyer, is a species of ladybird beetle native to eastern Australia. The beetle feeds on mealybugs and other scale insects, and is used to control those pests on citrus orchards worldwide.
Eriopis connexa is a species of ladybird beetle that is native to South America. Both males and females mate multiple times with different individuals of the opposite sex, like most members of the family Coccinellidae. This promiscuous behavior leads to unique reproductive adaptations, such as sperm mixing. Females lay unfertilized eggs which their offspring consume upon hatching, thereby boosting offspring nutrition and reducing sibling cannibalism,. This predatory beetle species feeds primarily on aphids and is widespread throughout many agroecosystems, such as cotton, maize, sorghum, soybean, and wheat. Due to aphids being extremely damaging agricultural pests, E. connexa has been introduced to the United States for biological pest management. Recent studies on pyrethroid insecticide resistance in E. connexa have led to research by applied entomologists on the species' potential role in integrated pest management schemes in crop fields that rely on lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT), a common pyrethroid insecticide that is ineffective against aphid population control. The potential efficacy and success of the utilization of E. connexa in these programs is widely debated and is the focus of much recent research due to the lack of understanding regarding the effects of pyrethroid resistance on the behavior of this species.
Micraspis discolor is a species of ladybird. It was described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1798. It is widespread throughout Asia, North America and parts of Oceania.
Brumoides suturalis, the three-striped lady-beetle, is a species of ladybird described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1789. It is found in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, Nepal, Indonesia, Philippines and Papua New Guinea.
Chilocorus nigritus, sometimes referred to as the Malaysian ladybird beetle, is a species of lady beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It is native to SE Asia, but has been introduced for use in biological pest control in Hawaii and many parts of the world, including Europe.
Cheilomenes sexmaculata is a species of ladybird. Although sometimes known by the common name of six-spotted zigzag ladybird, this is misleading as there are several colour morphs and some colour morphs of the species can be confused with Micraspis discolor and Chilocorus nigrita. The species has a wide distribution range within the Asian tropics and subtropical zones from India to Japan and parts of the Australian region. They have been introduced into the Caribbean islands as a biocontrol agent and their spread to South America was noted in 2019. It is well known as a predator of aphids and other small insects.
Anegleis cardoni, is a species of lady beetle found in India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.
Illeis cincta is a species of lady beetle native to India, Sri Lanka and Indonesia.
Pseudaspidimerus trinotatus, is a species of lady beetle found in India, Sri Lanka and Myanmar.
Pseudaspidimerus flaviceps, is a species of lady beetle native to India, and Sri Lanka.
Scymnus (Pullus) latemaculatus, is a species of lady beetle found in Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Taiwan.
Scymnus (Scymnus) nubilus, is a species of lady beetle found in Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Myanmar, China, and Asia Minor.
Chilocorus subindicus, is a species of lady beetle found in India, Sri Lanka and Maldives.
Brumoides lineatus, sometimes known as broad vein-longitudinal striped ladybug, is a species of lady beetle found in China, Myanmar, Thailand, Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, and Pakistan.
Propylea luteopustulata, is a species of lady beetle found in India, Nepal, Himalayas, Tibet, Southern China, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, and Vietnam..
Telsimia ceylonica, is a species of lady beetle found in India and Sri Lanka.
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