Psychrophiles or cryophiles are extremophilic organisms that are capable of growth and reproduction in low temperatures, ranging from −20 °C to +10 °C. They are found in places that are permanently cold, such as the polar regions and the deep sea. They can be contrasted with thermophiles, which are organisms that thrive at unusually high temperatures, and mesophiles at intermediate temperatures. Psychrophile is Greek for 'cold-loving', from ψυχρός.
Pseudomonas psychrophila is a psychrophilic, Gram-negative, aerobic, straight rod bacterium with polar flagella. The type strain is JCM 10889.
Pseudomonas alcaliphila is a psychrophilic, alkaliphilic, Gram-negative, aerobic straight rod bacterium with polar flagella isolated from sea water near Hokkaidō, Japan.
Pseudomonas antarctica is a psychrophilic, Gram-negative, motile with a polar flagellum, rod-shaped bacterium isolated from cyanobacterial mats in Antarctica.
Pseudomonas proteolytica is a psychrophilic, Gram-negative, motile with a polar flagellum, rod-shaped bacterium isolated from cyanobacterial mats in Antarctica.
Kriegeriales is an order of Fungi that are mostly yeasts and can be found from a variety of places, ranging from arctic waters to tropical ferns.
Polaromonas is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria from the family Comamonadaceae. Polaromonas species are psychrophiles.
Polaromonas vacuolata is a psychrophilic bacterium with gas vesicles from the genus Polaromonas, which was isolated from Antarctica. Colonies of P. vacuolata are snowy white.
Methanogenium frigidum is a psychrophilic, H2-using methanogen from Ace Lake, Antarctica.
Flavobacterium frigidarium is a bacterium. It is an aerobic, psychrophilic, xylanolytic and laminarinolytic bacterium from Antarctica. It is gram-negative, non-motile and yellow-pigmented. Its type strain is A2iT.
Arthrobacter flavus is a species of psychrophilic bacteria. It is aerobic, gram-positive, non-spore-forming, non-motile, exhibits a rod-coccus growth cycle and produces a yellow pigment. Its type strain is CMS 19YT.
Psychrobacter aquaticus is a Gram-negative, psychrophilic, halotolerant, nonmotile bacterium of the genus Psychrobacter which was isolated from the McMurdo Dry Valley region of Antarctica.
Psychrobacter glacincola is a Gram-negative, oxidase- and catalase-positive, halotolerant, nonmotile bacterium of the genus Psychrobacter, which was isolated from the anchor ice of Amery Ice Shelf in Antarctica. It is strictly oxidative and coccus-shaped; its type strain is ACAM 483T.
Psychrobacter vallis is a Gram-negative, psychrophilic, halotolerant, nonmotile bacterium of the genus Psychrobacter, which was isolated from cyanobacterial mat samples from the McMurdo Dry Valley region of Antarctica.
Clostridium lacusfryxellense is a psychrophilic, Gram-positive, spore-forming and anaerobic bacterium from the genus Clostridium which has been isolated from a microbial mat from Lake Fryxell in Antarctica.
Flavobacterium degerlachei is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped and psychrophilic bacterium from the genus of Flavobacterium which has been isolated from microbial mat from the Lake Ace in the Antarctica.
Rhodoglobus aureus is a Gram-positive and psychrophilic bacterium from the genus of Rhodoglobus which has been isolated from a pond from Wright Valley in the Antarctica.
Rhodoglobus vestalii is a Gram-positive and psychrophilic bacterium from the genus of Rhodoglobus which has been isolated from a dry Valley lake near the McMurdo Ice Shelf from the Antarctica.
Paenisporosarcina antarctica is a psychrophilic, Gram-positive and rod-shaped bacterium from the genus of Paenisporosarcina which has been isolated from soil from the King George Island.
Paenisporosarcina indica is a psychrophilic, Gram-positive, aerobic, spore-forming and rod-shaped bacterium from the genus of Paenisporosarcina which has been isolated from soil near the Pindari glacier in the Himalayas.
