Pseudophilautus variabilis

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Pseudophilautus variabilis
Pseudophilautus variabilis.jpg
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Rhacophoridae
Genus: Pseudophilautus
Species:
P. variabilis
Binomial name
Pseudophilautus variabilis
(Günther, 1858)
Synonyms [2]

Ixalus variabilisGünther, 1858
Rhacophorus variabilis(Günther, 1858)
Philautus variabilis(Günther, 1858)

Contents

Pseudophilautus variabilis, also known as the variable bush frog or variable bubble-nest frog, is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. This now extinct species was endemic to Sri Lanka. [1] [2] Despite extensive searches in recent times, it is only known from collections prior to 1858. The reasons for its disappearance are unknown but probably involve habitat loss. [1] [3]

Taxonomy

Pseudophilautus variabilis is only known with certainty from its lectotype. [4] [3] The original type series consisted of ten syntypes, probably representing collections from several locations but without more specific information on their origins than "Ceylon". Therefore, the female illustrated in the species description was chosen as the lectotype in 2001. [4] One of the paralectotypes was in 2007 described as a new species, Pseudophilautus pardus , by Meegaskumbura and colleagues. [3]

Pseudophilautus wynaadensis from India has sometimes been mixed with this species. [1] [2]

Description

The lectotype of Pseudophilautus variabilis is an adult female that measures 36–37 mm (1.4–1.5 in) in snout–vent length. The body is moderately elongate. The tympanum is rather indistinct while the supra-tympanic fold is distinct. The fingers and toes are moderately long; fingers have dermal fringes but no webbing whereas toes are medially webbed. [4] [5]

Related Research Articles

<i>Philautus</i> Genus of amphibians

Philautus is a genus of shrub frogs in the family Rhacophoridae from Asia. Some species in this genus are now considered extinct by IUCN, while others are widespread and abundant. The taxonomy of the group is unclear, with many poorly described species.

<i>Pseudophilautus auratus</i> Species of frog

Pseudophilautus auratus, commonly called Golden shrub frog, is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae, endemic to Sri Lanka.

Pseudophilautus dimbullae is an extinct species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It was endemic to Sri Lanka. It is only known from the holotype collected in 1933.

Pseudophilautus eximius is an extinct species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It was endemic to Sri Lanka. It is only known from the holotype collected in 1933.

Pseudophilautus extirpo, known as Blunt-snouted Shrub Frog, is an extinct species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It was endemic to Sri Lanka. It is only known from the holotype collected in 1882. The specific name extirpo is Latin meaning "destroy" or "eradicate" and refers to the apparent extinction of this species.

Pseudophilautus halyi, known as Pattipola Shrub Frog, is an extinct species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It was endemic to Sri Lanka. It is only known from the holotype collected in 1899. The specific name halyi honours Amyrald Haly, the first director of the Ceylon Museum, author of the "Natural History of Ceylon", and the collector of the holotype.

<i>Pseudophilautus nanus</i> Extinct species of amphibian

Pseudophilautus nanus, known as Southern Shrub Frog is an extinct species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It was endemic to Sri Lanka. This species is known to science only from the lectotype. There have been no records since the species was described in 1869, from material collected in southern Sri Lanka, so it is now believed to be extinct. Recent, extensive field surveys of the amphibian fauna of Sri Lanka have failed to rediscover this frog along with many other members of this genus.

<i>Pseudophilautus rus</i> Species of amphibian

Pseudophilautus rus, known as Kandian Shrub Frog is a species of frogs in the family Rhacophoridae.

<i>Pseudophilautus schmarda</i> Species of frog

Pseudophilautus schmarda is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to the central hills of Sri Lanka and is known from the Peak Wilderness Sanctuary, Agra Bopath, Horton Plains, and Pedro. The specific name schmarda honours Ludwig Karl Schmarda, an Austrian physician, naturalist, and traveler. Common names Sri Lanka bug-eyed frog and Schmarda's shrub frog have been coined for it.

<i>Pseudophilautus sordidus</i> Species of amphibian

Pseudophilautus sordidus, known as Grubby Shrub Frog is a species of frogs in the family Rhacophoridae.

<i>Pseudophilautus stictomerus</i> Species of amphibian

Pseudophilautus stictomerus is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to Sri Lanka. It was first described by Albert Günther based on a single individual collected by Colonel Richard Henry Beddome from 'Ceylon'.

<i>Pseudophilautus viridis</i> Species of amphibian

Pseudophilautus viridis, or the dull-green shrub frog, is a species of frogs in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to Sri Lanka and occurs in the central hills of south-central Sri Lanka.

Pseudophilautus zal, known as White Blotched Shrub Frog is an extinct species of frogs in the family Rhacophoridae. It was endemic to Sri Lanka. It is only known from the type series consisting of three old museum specimens.

Pseudophilautus zimmeri is an extinct species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It was endemic to Sri Lanka, where it was recorded from the vicinity of Galle. It is only known from the holotype that was used to describe the species in 1927. The specific name zimmeri honours Carl Wilhelm Erich Zimmer, a German zoologist. Common name Rumassala shrub frog has been coined for it.

Pseudophilautus pardus is an extinct species of Sri Lankan shrub frogs in the family Rhacophoridae. Despite extensive surveys in recent years, the species is known only from a collection made prior to 1858. The reason for its extinction is unknown but probably relates loss of forests.

<i>Pseudophilautus</i> Genus of amphibians

Pseudophilautus is a genus of shrub frogs in the family Rhacophoridae endemic to the Western Ghats of southwestern India and to Sri Lanka where the majority of the species are found. Many of them are already extinct. On the other, some species believed to be extinct have also been rediscovered.

Pseudophilautus simba is a species of frogs in the family Rhacophoridae endemic to Sri Lanka. It is only known from its type locality in the Morningside Forest Reserve, adjacent to the Sinharaja Forest Reserve, near Rakwana, southern Sri Lanka.

Pseudophilautus singu is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae, endemic to southwestern Sri Lanka. It is known from the Kanneliya-Dediyagala-Nakiyadeniya, Kitulgala, and Kottawa Forest Reserves and from the Sinharaja World Heritage Site. The specific name singu is Sinhalese for "horn" and refers to the horn-like tubercles on the upper eyelids of this frog. Common name Sri Lanka short-horned shrub frog has been coined for it.

<i>Pseudophilautus tanu</i> Species of amphibian

Sri Lanka petite shrub frog,, is a species of frogs in the family Rhacophoridae, endemic to southwestern Sri Lanka. This relatively recently described species is only known from two locations in the Galle District, Beraliya and Kanneliya Forest Reserves. The specific name tanu is Sinhalese for "slender" and refers to the habitus of this frog.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2020). "Pseudophilautus variabilis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T58931A156585835. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T58931A156585835.en . Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 Frost, Darrel R. (2017). "Pseudophilautus variabilis (Günther, 1858)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 28 March 2017.
  3. 1 2 3 Meegaskumbura, Madhava; Manamendra-Arachchi, Kelum; Schneider, Christopher J.; Pethiyagoda, Rohan (25 January 2007). "New species amongst Sri Lanka's extinct shrub frogs (Amphibia: Rhacophoridae: Philautus)" (PDF). Zootaxa . 1397 (1): 1–15. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1397.1.1. ISSN   1175-5326.
  4. 1 2 3 Bossuyt, F.; Dubois, A. (2001). "A review of the frog genus Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Amphibia, Anura, Ranidae, Rhacophorinae)" (PDF). Zeylanica. 6: 1–112.
  5. ↑ Manamendra-Arachchi, Kelum; Pethiyagoda, Rohan (2005). "The Sri Lankan shrub-frogs of the genus Philautus Gistel, 1848 (Ranidae: Rhacophorinae), with description of 27 new species" (PDF). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. Suppl. 12: 163–303.
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