| Pyrenula muriciliata | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Eurotiomycetes |
| Order: | Pyrenulales |
| Family: | Pyrenulaceae |
| Genus: | Pyrenula |
| Species: | P. muriciliata |
| Binomial name | |
| Pyrenula muriciliata Diederich & Ertz (2020) | |
Pyrenula muriciliata is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) and crustose lichen in the family Pyrenulaceae. It is found in Mauritius, where it grows on tree bark in parklands and forests.
Pyrenula muriciliata it was formally described as a new species in 2020 by Paul Diederich and Damien Ertz. The type specimen was collected by the first author in the Brise Fer Forest in Black River Gorges National Park (Rivière Noire District) at an altitude of 585 m (1,919 ft); it has also been recorded from two other locations in Maurutius, Pétrin and Curepipe, with a total elevation range between 565–680 m (1,854–2,231 ft).
The lichen has a thin, brownish to greyish brown to thallus (lacking a cortex with a medium to dark brown prothallus. The photobiont partner is a green alga from the genus Trentepohlia . The lichen's perithecia are 0.5–0.7 mm wide, and have an ostiole to release spores. The ascospores are ellipsoid in shape, and muriform—meaning they have 3 transverse walls dividing the spore into chambers; additionally, the ends of the spore are rounded, and each has a cilium at its base. The specific epithet muriciliata refers to these characteristic spore features. [1]
All chemical spot tests are negative, and no secondary compounds were detected with thin-layer chromatography. [1]
The Arthoniaceae are a family of lichenized, lichenicolous and saprobic fungi in the order Arthoniales. The Arthoniaceae is the largest family of Arthoniales, with around 800 species. Most species in Arthoniaceae belong in Arthonia which is the largest genus with 500 species. The second and third largest genus is Arthothelium with 80 species, and Cryptothecia with 60 species.
The Melaspileaceae are a family of lichenized, lichenicolous and saprobic fungi within Ascomycota. They have been poorly understood for a long time and its taxonomic position has been unclear because of insufficient molecular data. The family was previously included in Arthoniales of the class Arthoniomycetes but recent phylogenetic analyses supports it belonging to the Eremithallales of the class Dothideomycetes.
Collemopsidium is a genus of fungi in the family Xanthopyreniaceae. Some members of this genus are marine species, and described as "borderline lichens" or "algicolous" fungi. The genus was circumscribed by Finnish botanist William Nylander in 1881.
Emmanuël Sérusiaux is a Belgian lichenologist. His career, spanning more than four decades, has combined both lichenology research and political aspects of nature conservation. He spent several periods working as a researcher at the National Fund for Scientific Research and the University of Liège, the latter in which he accepted a faculty position as professor and head of the Plant Taxonomy and Conservation Biology unit. Sérusiaux also served for three non-consecutive appointments as Deputy Chief of Staff in the Government of Wallonia. He retired from both his academic and political positions in 2019.
Pseudopyrenula serusiauxii is a species of lichen-forming fungus in the family Trypetheliaceae. It is found in Papua New Guinea. The lichen appears as a greenish discolouration on the trunks of Macaranga trees.
Synarthonia leproidica is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling) and crustose lichen in the order Arthoniales. Found in Luxembourg, it was formally described as a new species in 2020 by lichenologists Damien Ertz, André Aptroot, and Paul Diederich. The type specimen was collected in the Vallée du Lellgerbaach (Lellingen) at an elevation of 323 m (1,060 ft). Here the lichen was found on a siliceous wall at the edge of a forest path in an oak-hornbeam forest. It has a pale greyish crust-like thallus with dark brown/violet tinges. It has a leproid growth form, meaning that it looks like it is made of granules; the specific epithet refers to this characteristic. The thallus forms patches that are about 0.5–5 mm in diameter, although neighbouring patches can coalesce to form larger patches up to 10 cm (4 in) in diameter. Synarthonia leproidica contains psoromic acid, a secondary chemical that can be detected with thin-layer chromatography.
Lecanactis rubra is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Roccellaceae. Found in Madagascar, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by Damien Ertz and Emmanuël Sérusiaux. The type specimen was collected by Sérusiaux from the gorge of Manambolo at an altitude of 300 m (980 ft). At this location, about 3 km (1.9 mi) upstream from Bekopaka, in a dry forest with calcareous soil, it was found growing on bark. This lichen is only known to occur at the type locality.
Lepidocollema marianum is a species of cyanolichen in the family Pannariaceae. It was first scientifically described by Elias Fries in 1825 as Parmelia mariana. Per Magnus Jørgensen transferred it to the genus Lepidocollema in 2014 following a molecular phylogenetics-guided revision of the Pannariaceae.
Astrothelium sipmanii is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Trypetheliaceae. It is found in Guyana.
Astrothelium colombiense is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Trypetheliaceae. Found in Colombia, it was formally described as a new species in 2016 by Dutch lichenologist André Aptroot. The type specimen was collected from the Estacion Forestal La Espriella at an altitude of 35 m (115 ft). The lichen has shiny, pale ochraceous green thallus with a smooth to somewhat roughened texture. It has a cortex but lacks a prothallus. There is only a single ascospore in each ascus; this is a rarity in genus Astrothelium. The spores are hyaline, ellipsoid in shape, and muriform ; they measure 240–300 by 45–50 µm. No lichen products were detected in this species. The specific epithet refers to the country of the type locality.
Astrothelium condoricum is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Trypetheliaceae. Found in Ecuador, it was formally described as a new species in 2016 by André Aptroot. The type specimen was collected by the author from the Cordillera del Cóndor at an altitude of 1,200 m (3,900 ft); here it was found growing on the smooth bark of trees in a montane forest. The lichen thallus is completely covered by a bright orange pigment; it also has a bright scarlet internal pigment. Chemical analysis of the lichen using thin-layer chromatography revealed the presence of two unnamed anthraquinones. The species epithet condoricum refers to the type locality.
Astrothelium dicoloratum is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Trypetheliaceae. Found in Venezuela, it was formally described as a new species in 2016 by André Aptroot. The type specimen was collected southwest of La Esmeralda at an altitude of 110 m (360 ft); here, in a rainforest, the lichen was found growing on the smooth bark of trees. The thallus is completely covered with bright orange pigment. There is a single ascospore in the asci. These spores are hyaline, ellipsoid in shape, with 9 to 11 septa and dimensions of 50–75 by 11–15 µm. Chemical analysis of the lichen using thin-layer chromatography revealed the presence of an unnamed anthraquinone.
Coenogonium beaverae is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Coenogoniaceae. Found in Seychelles, it was formally described as a new species in 2017 by Robert Lücking and Paul Diederich. The type specimen was collected by the second author in a disturbed rainforest near the Sauzier Waterfall at altitudes between 20 and 70 m. It is only known from the type locality. The species epithet beaverae honours Katy Beaver, "who generously gave support and assistance during the field trip of the first author to several Seychelles islands, and who is extremely active in the protection of the environment in Seychelles".
Astrothelium vulcanum is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Trypetheliaceae. Found in Guyana, it was formally described as a new species in 2016 by André Aptroot. The type specimen was collected from the Kuyuwini Landing (Rupununi) at an elevation of 200 m (660 ft); here, in a savannah forest, it was found growing on the smooth bark of trees. The lichen has a smooth, somewhat shiny thallus surrounded by a thin black prothallus, and covering areas up to 25 cm (10 in) in diameter. Its ascospores are spindle-shaped (fusiform) with rounded edges, with three septa and dimensions of 20–25 by 6.5–7.5 µm. Astrothelium vulcanum contains lichexanthone, a lichen product that causes the thallus to fluoresce when lit with a long-wavelength UV light.
Astrothelium mediocrassum is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Trypetheliaceae. Found in Guyana, it was formally described as a new species in 2016 by Dutch lichenologist André Aptroot. The type specimen was collected by Harrie Sipman south of the Kuyuwini Landing at an altitude of 230 m (750 ft). The lichen has a somewhat shiny, smooth, pale green thallus that covers an area of up to 12 cm (4.7 in) in diameter. Its ascospores are hyaline, spindle-shaped (fusiform), and muriform, with dimensions of 70–80 by 22–25 µm. This is the smallest ascospore size of Astrothelia species. The middle, or median, septum of the spore is thickened in comparison with the others. No lichen products were detected using thin-layer chromatography. It is somewhat similar in appearance to Astrothelium octosporum, but that species has lichexanthone in its thallus and pseudostromata.
Candelaria pacifica is a widely distributed corticolous (bark-dwelling), leprose lichen. It was formally described as a species in 2011.
Inoderma sorediatum is a species of crustose lichen in the family Arthoniaceae. It is only known to occur on the bark of trees in Poland's Białowieża National Park. It is differentiated from other species in genus Inoderma by the form of its thallus, which is entirely made of powdery, granular soredia, as well as by the presence of a unique combination of lichen products.
Halospora is a genus of lichenicolous (lichen-dwelling) fungi in the family Verrucariaceae. Species in the genus parasitise calcicolous crustose lichens, i.e., those that prefer lime-rich substrates.
Trimmatothele is a genus of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichens in the family Verrucariaceae. It has five species. The genus was formally published by lichenologist Alexander Zahlbruckner in 1903. The type species, Trimmatothele perquisita, was originally collected from Norway by Johannes M. Norman, who placed it in the genus Coniothele in 1868. Diagnostic characteristics of Trimmatothele include a thin thallus with a smooth surface; small perithecia that are partially immersed in the substrata and have an involucrellum; asci that contain multiple ascospores; and small, simple ascospores (i.e., without any septa. Trimmatothele has been described as one of the most poorly known genera of lichens, due to their rarity, the few available herbarium specimens, and some missing type specimens.