QSOX1

QSOX1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 3LLI, 3LLK, 3Q6O, 4IJ3
Identifiers
Aliases	QSOX1 , Q6, QSCN6, quiescin sulfhydryl oxidase 1
External IDs	OMIM: 603120; MGI: 1330818; HomoloGene: 37690; GeneCards: QSOX1; OMA:QSOX1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human) [1] Band 1q25.2 Start 180,154,834 bp [1] End 180,204,030 bp [1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 1 (mouse) [2] Band 1|1 G3 Start 155,651,775 bp [2] End 155,688,635 bp [2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in stromal cell of endometrium gallbladder right auricle of heart left testis right testis right ovary upper lobe of left lung left ovary right lung body of stomach Top expressed in seminal vesicula crypt of lieberkuhn of small intestine lip gallbladder esophagus superior surface of tongue spermatocyte granulocyte ascending aorta liver More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function oxidoreductase activity thiol oxidase activity protein disulfide isomerase activity flavin-linked sulfhydryl oxidase activity Cellular component integral component of membrane integral component of Golgi membrane Golgi membrane Golgi apparatus extracellular exosome intracellular membrane-bounded organelle membrane intercellular bridge extracellular region platelet alpha granule lumen extracellular space specific granule lumen tertiary granule lumen endoplasmic reticulum lumen Biological process negative regulation of macroautophagy cell redox homeostasis platelet degranulation neutrophil degranulation post-translational protein modification Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 5768 104009 Ensembl ENSG00000116260 ENSMUSG00000033684 UniProt O00391 Q8BND5 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_002826 NM_001004128 NM_001024945 NM_023268 RefSeq (protein) NP_001004128 NP_002817 NP_001020116 NP_075757 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 180.15 – 180.2 Mb Chr 1: 155.65 – 155.69 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Quiescin sulfhydryl oxidase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the QSOX1 gene. ^{[5] [6] [7]}

This gene encodes an enzyme that is localized primarily to the Golgi apparatus and secreted fluids. ^[8] QSOX1 is a multi-domain disulfide catalyst. Unlike other disulfide catalysts, QSOX1 can both generate disulfides de novo and catalyze dithiol/disulfide exchange. The de novo disulfide bond formation is catalyzed by the ERV1 domain that contains a FAD co-factor that allows depositions of electrons onto the terminal electron acceptor, typically molecular oxygen. The dithiol/disulfide exchange is catalyzed by the thioredoxin domain. The two domains are linked together by a flexible linker that allows the thioredoxin domain to first interact with the substrate protein and then regenerate by ERV1 domain. ^[9]

QSOX1 gene expression is induced as fibroblasts begin to exit the proliferative cycle and enter quiescence, ^{[10] [11]} suggesting that this gene plays an important role in growth regulation. In fibroblasts QSOX1 is required for normal incorporation of laminin into the extracellular matrix, and thereby for normal cell-cell adhesion and cell migration. ^[12]

Two transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene. ^{[13] [7]} The two isoforms have different tissue distribution and in addition isoform 1 has a transmembrane helix in the carboxy terminal while isoform 2 is a secreted soluble protein.

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000116260 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000033684 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Coppock DL, Cina-Poppe D, Gilleran S (December 1998). "The quiescin Q6 gene (QSCN6) is a fusion of two ancient gene families: thioredoxin and ERV1". Genomics. 54 (3): 460–468. doi: 10.1006/geno.1998.5605 . PMID   9878249.
6. Coppock DL, Kopman C, Scandalis S, Gilleran S (June 1993). "Preferential gene expression in quiescent human lung fibroblasts". Cell Growth & Differentiation. 4 (6): 483–493. PMID   8396966.
7. "Entrez Gene: QSCN6 quiescin Q6".
8. Kodali VK, Thorpe C (October 2010). "Oxidative protein folding and the Quiescin-sulfhydryl oxidase family of flavoproteins". Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. 13 (8): 1217–1230. doi:10.1089/ars.2010.3098. PMC   2959182 . PMID   20136510.
9. Alon A, Grossman I, Gat Y, Kodali VK, DiMaio F, Mehlman T, et al. (August 2012). "The dynamic disulphide relay of quiescin sulphydryl oxidase". Nature. 488 (7411): 414–418. Bibcode:2012Natur.488..414A. doi:10.1038/nature11267. PMC   3521037 . PMID   22801504.
10. Coppock DL, Cina-Poppe D, Gilleran S (December 1998). "The quiescin Q6 gene (QSCN6) is a fusion of two ancient gene families: thioredoxin and ERV1". Genomics. 54 (3): 460–468. doi: 10.1006/geno.1998.5605 . PMID   9878249.
11. Coppock DL, Kopman C, Scandalis S, Gilleran S (June 1993). "Preferential gene expression in quiescent human lung fibroblasts". Cell Growth & Differentiation. 4 (6): 483–493. PMID   8396966.
12. Ilani T, Alon A, Grossman I, Horowitz B, Kartvelishvily E, Cohen SR, et al. (July 2013). "A secreted disulfide catalyst controls extracellular matrix composition and function". Science. 341 (6141): 74–76. Bibcode:2013Sci...341...74I. doi:10.1126/science.1238279. PMID   23704371.
13. • Radom J, Colin D, Thiebault F, Dognin-Bergeret M, Mairet-Coello G, Esnard-Feve A, et al. (May 2006). "Identification and expression of a new splicing variant of FAD-sulfhydryl oxidase in adult rat brain". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression. 1759 (5): 225–233. doi:10.1016/j.bbaexp.2006.04.008. PMID   16806532.

Further reading

• Thorpe C, Hoober KL, Raje S, Glynn NM, Burnside J, Turi GK, et al. (September 2002). "Sulfhydryl oxidases: emerging catalysts of protein disulfide bond formation in eukaryotes". Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 405 (1): 1–12. doi:10.1016/S0003-9861(02)00337-5. PMID   12176051.
• Hoober KL, Glynn NM, Burnside J, Coppock DL, Thorpe C (November 1999). "Homology between egg white sulfhydryl oxidase and quiescin Q6 defines a new class of flavin-linked sulfhydryl oxidases". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (45): 31759–31762. doi: 10.1074/jbc.274.45.31759 . PMID   10542195.
• Coppock D, Kopman C, Gudas J, Cina-Poppe DA (March 2000). "Regulation of the quiescence-induced genes: quiescin Q6, decorin, and ribosomal protein S29". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 269 (2): 604–610. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2000.2324. PMID   10708601.
• Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, Baker K, Baldwin D, Brush J, et al. (October 2003). "The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment". Genome Research. 13 (10): 2265–2270. doi:10.1101/gr.1293003. PMC   403697 . PMID   12975309.

]* Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D, Elias JE, Villén J, Li J, et al. (August 2004). "Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 101 (33): 12130–12135. Bibcode:2004PNAS..10112130B. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0404720101 . PMC   514446 . PMID   15302935.

• Liu T, Qian WJ, Gritsenko MA, Camp DG, Monroe ME, Moore RJ, et al. (2006). "Human plasma N-glycoproteome analysis by immunoaffinity subtraction, hydrazide chemistry, and mass spectrometry". Journal of Proteome Research. 4 (6): 2070–2080. doi:10.1021/pr0502065. PMC   1850943 . PMID   16335952.
• Lim J, Hao T, Shaw C, Patel AJ, Szabó G, Rual JF, et al. (May 2006). "A protein-protein interaction network for human inherited ataxias and disorders of Purkinje cell degeneration". Cell. 125 (4): 801–814. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2006.03.032 . PMID   16713569. S2CID   13709685.
• Chakravarthi S, Jessop CE, Willer M, Stirling CJ, Bulleid NJ (June 2007). "Intracellular catalysis of disulfide bond formation by the human sulfhydryl oxidase, QSOX1". The Biochemical Journal. 404 (3): 403–411. doi:10.1042/BJ20061510. PMC   1896280 . PMID   17331072.
• Jaje J, Wolcott HN, Fadugba O, Cripps D, Yang AJ, Mather IH, et al. (November 2007). "A flavin-dependent sulfhydryl oxidase in bovine milk". Biochemistry. 46 (45): 13031–13040. doi:10.1021/bi7016975. PMC   2518652 . PMID   17944490.