Qiao Xiaoyang

Last updated
Qiao Xiaoyang
乔晓阳
Chairman of the 11th HKSAR Basic Law Committee of the NPC
In office
2008–2013
Succeeded byLi Fei
Personal details
Born1945 (age 73–74)
Hubei, China
Nationality People's Republic of China
Political party Communist Party of China
Alma mater Beijing Language and Culture University
Occupation Politician

Qiao Xiaoyang (born 1945) is the former chairman of the Hong Kong SAR Basic Law Committee of the 11th National People's Congress. [1]

The 11th National People's Congress met for a 5-year term, from 2008 to 2013. It held five annual two week plenary sessions during this period. It succeeded the 10th National People's Congress. There were 2,987 deputies elected to the 11th Congress in 2008, with 2972 in office at the end of the term (2012).

Contents

Biography

Qiao was born in Hubei province in 1945. [1] He was graduated from the Beijing Language and Culture University and joined the Communist Party of China (CPC) in 1974. [1] He served as vice-chairman of the legislative affairs commission of the National People's Congress Standing Committee becoming 10th vice-chairman of the Law Committee in 2003. [1]

Beijing Language and Culture University Linguistic university in China

Beijing Language and Culture University, colloquially known in Chinese as Yuyan Xueyuan, has the main aim of teaching the Chinese language and culture to foreign students. However, it also takes Chinese students specializing in foreign languages and other relevant subjects of humanities and social sciences, and trains teachers of Chinese as a foreign language. It used to be the only institute of this kind in China. After the push for massification of higher education starting in the 90's, nowadays many other universities in almost every major city in China have a similar offer. Thus bachelor, master or post-doc degrees in, "Teaching Chinese as a second language to Foreigners", as well as bachelor's and master's degrees in several foreign languages are no longer only to be found at BLCU. Beijing Language and Culture University is often called "Little United Nations" in China because of its very large number of international students from various countries.

Communist Party of China Political party of the Peoples Republic of China

The Communist Party of China (CPC), also referred to as the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), is the founding and ruling political party of the People's Republic of China. The Communist Party is the sole governing party within mainland China, permitting only eight other, subordinated parties to co-exist, those making up the United Front. It was founded in 1921, chiefly by Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao. The party grew quickly, and by 1949 it had driven the nationalist Kuomintang (KMT) government from mainland China after the Chinese Civil War, leading to the establishment of the People's Republic of China. It also controls the world's largest armed forces, the People's Liberation Army.

He was also member of the Hong Kong SAR Preparatory Committee and Macao SAR Preparatory Committee oversaw the transfer of the sovereignty of the two former colonies. [1]

He was appointed Chairman of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Basic Law Committee and Macao Special Administrative Region Basic Law Committee of the 11th National People's Congress. [1] He served as chairman of the HKSAR Basic Law Committee until 2013.

Chairman of HKSAR Basic Law Committee

He made a number of remarkable decisions and comments during his chairmanship of the HKSAR Basic Law Committee.

In April 2010, Qiao said the reason the Standing Committee in 2007 ruled that Hong Kong "may" and not "must" have universal suffrage for the 2017 chief executive and 2020 Legislative Council elections was because any change in electoral methods required approval by local lawmakers. He added that passage of the reform package would "create excellent conditions for universal suffrage in the future." [2] Instead of equal and universal right to vote, in June 2010 he further defined universal suffrage [3] with the restriction of taking into consideration Hong Kong’s legal status (as a non-independent state), being compatible with the executive-led political system, balancing the interests of different sectors of society, and being beneficial for the development of the city’s capitalist economy. Pan-democrats said Qiao's statement reinforced their concerns, as it offered only the right to vote rather than to stand and nominate others in an election, and paved the way for keeping functional constituencies indefinitely. [3]

2017 Hong Kong Chief Executive election election in Hong Kong

The 2017 Hong Kong Chief Executive election was held on 26 March 2017 for the 5th term of the Chief Executive of Hong Kong (CE), the highest office of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR). Former Chief Secretary for Administration Carrie Lam beat former Financial Secretary John Tsang and retired judge Woo Kwok-hing, receiving 777 votes from the 1,194-member Election Committee.

Universal suffrage Political concept

The concept of universal suffrage, also known as general suffrage or common suffrage, consists of the right to vote of all adult citizens, regardless of property ownership, wealth, income, race, or ethnicity, subject only to minor exceptions. In its original 19th-century usage by political reformers, universal suffrage was understood to mean only universal manhood suffrage; the vote was extended to women later, during the women's suffrage movement.

On 24 March 2013, he stated that Chief Executive "candidates must be persons who love the country and love Hong Kong". He admitted that it would be difficult to define, but implied that the pan-democrats were unpatriotic, he said: "As long as they insist on confronting the central government, they cannot become the chief executive." [4] He also mentioned in his speech that “the nominating committee is in fact an organisation. The nomination of CE candidates by the nominating committee is a form of organisational nomination, [5] which could effectively screen out pro-democracy candidates when pro-Beijing camp have the majority in the nominating committee.

Related Research Articles

Politics of Hong Kong

The politics of Hong Kong takes place in a framework of a political system dominated by its quasi-constitutional document, the Hong Kong Basic Law, its own legislature, the Chief Executive as the head of government and of the Special Administrative Region and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government.

Politics of Macau is a framework of political system, dominated by the People's Republic of China. It includes the legislature, the judiciary, the government, and a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government, led by the Chief Executive.

Hong Kong Basic Law constitutional document of Hong Kong

The Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China is the constitution of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and a national law of the People's Republic of China. Comprising nine chapters, 160 articles and three annexes, the Basic Law was adopted on 4 April 1990 by the Seventh National People's Congress and signed by President Yang Shangkun.

Chief Executive of Hong Kong head of the Hong Kong Government

The Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China is the representative of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and head of the Government of Hong Kong. The position was created to replace the Governor of Hong Kong, the representative of the Monarch of the United Kingdom during British rule. The office, stipulated by the Hong Kong Basic Law, formally came into being on 1 July 1997 when the sovereignty of Hong Kong was transferred from the United Kingdom to the People's Republic of China.

Legislative Council of Hong Kong legislative body of Hong Kong

The Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region or LegCo is the unicameral legislature of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China.

The Provisional Legislative Council was the interim legislature of Hong Kong that operated from 1997 to 1998. The legislature was founded in Guangzhou and sat in Shenzhen from 1996 until the handover in 1997 and moved to Hong Kong to serve as the temporary replacement of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong. It was established by the Preparatory Committee for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region by resolution at its Second Plenary Session on 24 March 1996. The 60 members of the PLC were elected on 21 December 1996 by the 400-member Selection Committee for the First Government of the HKSAR, which also elected the first Chief Executive. The official start date for this council was on 25 January 1997.

2004 Hong Kong legislative election

The 2004 Hong Kong Legislative Council election was held on 12 September 2004 for members of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong (LegCo). The election returned 30 members from directly elected geographical constituencies and 30 members from functional constituencies, of which 11 were unopposed.

Article 45 Concern Group

Basic Law Article 45 Concern Group is a pro-democracy political group in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. It was established on 14 November 2003 by legal practitioners and academics. It had four seats in the Legislative Council of Hong Kong before it transformed into the Civic Party in 2006.

Hong Kong Basic Law Article 45 is an article in the Basic Law (constitution) of Hong Kong. It states that the Chief executive should be chosen by universal suffrage upon nomination by a broadly representative nominating committee as an eventual goal.

Elections in Hong Kong

Election in Hong Kong take place when certain political offices in the government need to be filled. Every four years, half of the unicameral Legislative Council of Hong Kong's seventy seats representing the geographical constituencies are returned by the electorate; the other thirty five seats representing the functional constituencies are elected through smaller closed elections within business sectors.

Maria Tam Hong Kong politician

Maria Tam Wai-chu, GBM, GBS, CBE, JP is a senior Hong Kong politician and lawyer. She is a member of the Committee for the Basic Law of the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) since 1997 and the chairman of the Operations Review Committee of the Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) since 2015.

1996 Hong Kong Chief Executive election

The 1996 Hong Kong Chief Executive election was held on 11 December 1996 to select the first Chief Executive (CE) of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) which term started from 1 July 1997 after the Chinese resumption of the sovereignty of Hong Kong from the British rule. It was selected by the 400-member Selection Committee installed by the Government of the People's Republic of China (PRC). Tung Chee-hwa, a Shanghai-born Hong Kong businessman who was seen being favoured by Jiang Zemin, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China, was the ultimate winner of the election, defeating former Chief Justice Ti-liang Yang and tycoon Peter Woo with a large margin.

Democratic development in Hong Kong

Democratic development in Hong Kong has been a major issue since the transfer of sovereignty to China in 1997. The one country, two systems principle allows the Hong Kong government to administer all areas of government except foreign relations and (military) defence separately from the national Chinese government. Many Hong Kong citizens became concerned about democratic development when the first Chief executive of Hong Kong Tung Chee-hwa appeared to have mishandled this issue. Other democracy-related issues involving human rights and universal suffrage became the new focal point for the pro-democracy camp. Ever since the 1950s, the Chinese government has continually threatened the British over any attempts to bring about democratic development in Hong Kong. Attempts to bring Hong Kong citizens to the negotiating table by the British during the Sino-Anglo discussions were rejected by Beijing in the late 1980s. The last governor Chris Patten faced a great deal of opposition in changing the former colony's political system.

The 2010 Hong Kong electoral reform was the series of events began in 2009 and finalised in 2010 under the Consultation Document on the Methods for Selecting the Chief executive and for Forming the LegCo in 2012, a document published on 18 November 2009 by the Government of Hong Kong, ostensibly to broaden the scope of political participation and increase the democratic elements in the 2012 elections in line with the Hong Kong Basic Law.

Occupy Central with Love and Peace organization

Occupy Central with Love and Peace was a single-purpose Hong Kong civil disobedience campaign initiated by Reverend Chu Yiu-ming, Benny Tai and Dr Chan Kin-man on 27 March 2013. The campaign was launched on 24 September 2014, partially leading to the 2014 Hong Kong protests. According to its manifesto, the campaign advocates for an electoral system in Hong Kong that is decided through a democratic process and satisfies international standards of universal and equal suffrage. When the first three stages of the movement — dialogue, deliberation and citizens' authorization – the civil disobedience that follows must be non-violent.

Daniel Tse Chi-wai, GBS, CBE, JP is the chair of the University Council of the University of Macau. He was also the member of the Executive Council and Legislative Council of Hong Kong.

2014–15 Hong Kong electoral reform

The Hong Kong electoral reform was a proposed reform for the 2017 Hong Kong Chief Executive election and 2016 Legislative Council election.

Dr. Raymond Wu Wai-yung, GBS was a Hong Kong pro-Beijing politician and doctor.

Liberalism has a long tradition in Hong Kong as an economic philosophy and has become a major political trend since the 1980s, often represented the pro-democracy camp, apart from conservatism which often constitutes the pro-Beijing camp.

The Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on Issues Relating to the Selection of the Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region by Universal Suffrage and on the Method for Forming the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region in the Year 2016, commonly known as the 31 August Decision, is a decision made by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPCSC), the national legislative body of the People's Republic of China (PRC) on 31 August 2014 which set limits for the 2017 Chief Executive election and 2016 Legislative Council election in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR).

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Qiao Xiaoyang 乔晓阳". China Vitae.
  2. ↑ Lee, Colleen (15 April 2010) "Qiao adds clout to reforms" Archived June 29, 2011, at the Wayback Machine , The Standard
  3. 1 2 Wong, Albert; Leung, Ambrose (8 June 2010). "Beijing offers definition of HK suffrag". South China Morning Post.
  4. ↑ "Opponents of Beijing ineligible to be CE: top Chinese official". South China Morning Post. 25 March 2013.
  5. ↑ The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government (2013). Methods for Selecting the Chief Executive in 2017 and for Forming the Legislative Council in 2016 Consultation Document (PDF). p. 3.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.