Qu'Appelle River Dam

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Qu'Appelle River Dam
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Location in Saskatchewan
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Qu'Appelle River Dam (Canada)
Location RM of Maple Bush No. 224, Saskatchewan, Canada
Coordinates 50°58′57″N106°25′57″W / 50.98250°N 106.43250°W / 50.98250; -106.43250
Construction began1959
Opening date1967
Owner(s) Saskatchewan Water Security Agency
Dam and spillways
Type of dam Embankment dam
Height27.4 m (90 ft)
Length3,100 m (10,200 ft)
Spillway capacity1,400 m3 (49,000 cu ft) per second
Reservoir
CreatesLake Diefenbaker
Total capacity9,400,000 dam3 (7,600,000 acre⋅ft)
Catchment area 126,000 km2 (49,000 sq mi)
Maximum water depth58 m (190 ft)
NASA satellite image of Lake Diefenbaker showing the Qu'Appelle River Dam at the southeast end and the Gardiner Dam at the northeast end NASA satellite image of Lake Diefenbaker in Saskatchewan Canada.jpg
NASA satellite image of Lake Diefenbaker showing the Qu'Appelle River Dam at the southeast end and the Gardiner Dam at the northeast end

The Qu'appelle River Dam [1] is the smaller of two embankment dams along the South Saskatchewan River that created Lake Diefenbaker in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The bigger of the two dams is Gardiner Dam, which is the largest embankment dam in Canada and one of the largest in the world. Construction of both dams began in 1959 and was completed in 1967. [2] Lake Diefenbaker is the largest lake in southern Saskatchewan. [3]

Contents

The dam is the source of the Qu'Appelle River and it keeps the flow of water down the river relatively constant. Formerly, the Qu'Appelle River dried up in many places every summer at the conclusion of the spring freshet from the Rocky Mountains. Constant, steady flows down the Qu'Appelle River are important as downstream there are several smaller dams and reservoirs that supply water for irrigation, industry (such as the Mosaic potash mine at Belle Plaine), and drinking water for cities such as Regina and Moose Jaw. The dam is 3,100 metres (10,200 ft) long, 27.4 metres (90 ft) high, and, along with the Gardiner Dam, holds back a reservoir that contains 9,400,000 dam3 (7,600,000 acre⋅ft) of water. [4]

Qu'Appelle River

During the time of glaciation on North America, the retreating glacier would block the flow north and would force the water flow down the Qu'Appelle River. When the glaciers retreated further, water would then flow north. Before the Gardiner Dam was built, spring flows were high enough to allow water down the Qu'Appelle but would dry up later in the fall. Now as the Qu'Appelle Dam always retains the water of Lake Diefenbaker, water is released into the Qu'Appelle River in order to maintain flows throughout the entire year. This serves the farmers along the Qu'Appelle who use it for irrigation and watering their livestock. [5] [6]

There are multiple dams and lakes along the Qu'Appelle River as it meanders through the glacial meltwater-carved Qu'Appelle Valley en route to its mouth at the Assiniboine River in Manitoba. These lakes and dams provide a stable water source for consumption and recreation. Some of these include Eyebrow Lake, Buffalo Pound Lake, Craven Dam, the Fishing Lakes, Crooked Lake, and Round Lake. [7]

Tourism and access

Public access to the Qu'Appelle Dam is from a scenic viewpoint that provides views of the dam itself, Lake Diefenbaker, and the Qu'Appelle Valley. A short road from Highway 19 leads to the viewpoint. Along the top of the dam runs the Canadian Pacific Railway; the dam was designed with this type of loading in mind.[ citation needed ]

Douglas Provincial Park (named after former premier of Saskatchewan Tommy Douglas) [8] extends from the dam to the community of Mistusinne to the north. [9] [10] Lake Diefenbaker has over 800 kilometres (500 mi) of shoreline and around the lake there are many communities, parks, and recreational facilities, such as campgrounds, beaches, golf courses, and marinas. [11] [12]

See also

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gardiner Dam</span> Dam in Saskatchewan, Canada

The Gardiner Dam on the South Saskatchewan River in Saskatchewan is the third largest embankment dam in Canada and one of the largest embankment dams in the world. Construction on Gardiner Dam and the smaller Qu'Appelle River Dam was started in 1959 and completed in 1967, creating Lake Diefenbaker upstream and diverting a considerable portion of the South Saskatchewan's flow into the Qu'Appelle River. The dam rises 64 metres (209 feet) in height, is almost 5 km (3.1 mi) long and has a width of 1.5 km (0.93 mi) at its base with a volume of 65,000,000 cubic meters. The dam is owned and operated by the Saskatchewan Water Security Agency.

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The Qu'Appelle River is a river in the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba that flows 430 kilometres (270 mi) east from Lake Diefenbaker in south-western Saskatchewan to join the Assiniboine River in Manitoba, just south of Lake of the Prairies, near the village of St. Lazare. It is in a region called the Prairie Pothole Region of North America, which extends throughout three Canadian provinces and five U.S. states. It is also within Palliser's Triangle and the Great Plains ecoregion.

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Lake Diefenbaker is a reservoir and bifurcation lake in southern part of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It was formed by the construction of Gardiner Dam and the Qu'Appelle River Dam across the South Saskatchewan and Qu'Appelle Rivers respectively. Construction began in 1959 and the lake was filled in 1967. The lake is 225 kilometres (140 mi) long with approximately 800 kilometres (500 mi) of shoreline. It has a maximum depth of 66 metres (217 ft), while the water levels regularly fluctuate 3–9 metres (9–27 feet) each year. The flow of the two rivers is now regulated with a considerable portion of the South Saskatchewan diverted into the Qu'Appelle. Prior to the dams' construction, high water levels in the South Saskatchewan would frequently cause dangerous ice conditions downstream in Saskatoon while the Qu'Appelle would frequently dry up in the summer months.

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Last Mountain Lake, also known as Long Lake, is a prairie lake formed from glaciation 11,000 years ago. It is located in south central Saskatchewan, Canada, about 40 kilometres (25 mi) north-west of the city of Regina. It flows into the Qu'Appelle River via Last Mountain Creek, which flows past Craven. It is approximately 93 km (58 mi) long, and 3 km (1.9 mi) wide at its widest point. It is the largest naturally occurring body of water in southern Saskatchewan. Only Lake Diefenbaker, which is man-made, is larger. The lake is a popular resort area for residents of south-eastern Saskatchewan.

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Douglas Provincial Park is a provincial park in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. Established in 1973, it is named after Tommy Douglas, the seventh premier of Saskatchewan and father of Canada's first single-payer, universal health care programme. The park is located along the Gordon McKenzie Arm of Lake Diefenbaker and at the Qu'Appelle River Dam, which is the source of the Qu'Appelle River. The closest community is Elbow and access to the park is from Highway 19.

Bradwell Reservoir is a man-made reservoir in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan in the Rural Municipality of Blucher No. 343. The reservoir was built as part of the South Saskatchewan River Project. That project involved the damming of the South Saskatchewan River with the Gardiner and Qu'Appelle River Dams creating Lake Diefenbaker. From Lake Diefenbaker, a series of aqueducts were built allowing for irrigation and the creation of several reservoirs, including Bradwell Reservoir. The reservoir is owned and operated by the Saskatchewan Water Security Agency. Bradwell Reservoir supplies water to the Nutrien Allan Potash Mine near Allan.

References

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  2. Macdonald, Max. "Gardiner Dam". Encyclopedia of the Great Plains. University of Nebraska–Lincoln. Retrieved 20 March 2024.
  3. "Lake Diefenbaker". Water Security Agency. Retrieved 20 March 2024.
  4. "Dams and Reservoirs". wsask. Water Security Agency. Retrieved 20 March 2024.
  5. "The Qu'Appelle Valley". University of Regina. Retrieved 20 March 2024.
  6. Henderson, Norm. "Qu'Appelle Valley". University of Regina. Canadian Plains Research Centre, University of Regina. Retrieved 20 March 2024.
  7. Karpan, Robin; Karpan, Arlene (18 May 2021). "Through the Qu'Appelle Valley". Tourism Saskatchewan. Government of Saskatchewan. Retrieved 20 March 2024.
  8. "Douglas Provincial Park". Tourism Saskatchewan. Government of Saskatchewan. Retrieved 18 March 2024.
  9. "Lake Diefenbaker". Tourism Saskatchewan. Government of Saskatchewan. Retrieved 20 March 2024.
  10. "Gardiner Dam Turning 50 Years Old". Saskatchewan. Government of Saskatchewan. 16 June 2017. Retrieved 20 March 2024.
  11. "Lake Diefenbaker". Discover Southwest Saskatchewan. Mooseworld Inc. Retrieved 20 March 2024.
  12. "Stay and Play at Lake Diefenbaker". Tourism Saskatchewan. Government of Saskatchewan. Retrieved 20 March 2024.