History | |
---|---|
United Kingdom | |
Name | RMS Douro |
Owner | Royal Mail Steam Packet Company |
Operator | Royal Mail Steam Packet Company |
Route |
|
Builder | Caird & Company, Greenock, Scotland |
Launched | 3 December 1864 |
Fate | Sunk in collision 1 April 1882 |
General characteristics | |
Type | Passenger ship |
Tonnage | 2,824 gross register tons [1] |
Length | 326 ft (99.4 m) [2] |
Beam | 40 ft (12.2 m) [2] |
Propulsion | Sails and compound inverted steam engine, single screw, 500 ihp (373 Kw) [1] |
Speed | 12 knots (22 km/hr) [1] |
Capacity | 313 passengers [2] |
Crew | 80 [2] |
RMS Douro was a British passenger liner that served from 1865 to 1882 with the Royal Mail Steam Packet Company. [3] She was sunk in a collision in 1882.
Douro was an iron-hulled steamship built in 1865 by Caird & Company at Greenock, Scotland. [2] She had eight watertight compartments. [1] She could accommodate 253 first-class, 30 second-class, and 30 third-class passengers and had a crew of 80. She had lavish accommodations, and during her career developed a reputation for speed and reliability, with good food and music for her passengers. [2]
Douro entered service in 1865, initially serving routes between the United Kingdom and the West Indies. Early in her career, she was running mates with RMS Rhone until Rhone sank in 1867. [2]
In 1869, Douro switched to South American service on the Southampton, England-Buenos Aires, Argentina, route. As a Royal Mail Ship, she carried mail and newspapers under contract. She also often carried precious cargo, including gold and diamonds. [2]
On 31 March 1882 Douro – bound from Buenos Aires to Southampton with stops at Brazil and Lisbon, Portugal – was running 90 minutes behind schedule when she departed Lisbon bound for Southampton on the final leg of the voyage. In order to make up time, she proceeded at full speed northward off the Portuguese and Spanish coasts. [2] [1]
On the evening of 1 April, Douro passed Spain′s Cape Finisterre under a full moon. Her fourth officer noticed the Spanish steamer Yrurac Bat about two nautical miles (2.3 miles (3.7 km) away, but assumed that the officer on the bridge had also spotted her and did not pass word of the sighting to him. The officer on the bridge only sighted Yrurac Bat later, when it was too late to avoid a collision, and at 22:45 hours on 1 April Yrurac Bat rammed Douro. Yrurac Bat′s bow cut two deep gashes in Douro′s starboard side. The passengers and crew of Douro abandoned ship in a great hurry, and Douro sank 30 minutes after the collision in 1,500 feet (460 meters) of water. There were six fatalities among those aboard Douro, her captain, Ebenezer C. Kemp, and five other officers who went down with the ship, but the other 32 members of her crew and all 112 of her passengers survived. Yrurac Bat sank soon after Douro with the loss of another 53 lives. The survivors were rescued soon after the disaster by the British Hull-registered steamer Hidalgo, which took them to A Coruña, Spain. [2] [1] [4]
RMS Republic was a steam-powered ocean liner built in 1903 by Harland and Wolff in Belfast, and lost at sea in a collision in 1909 while sailing for the White Star Line. The ship was equipped with a new Marconi wireless telegraphy transmitter, and issued a CQD distress call, resulting in the saving of around 1,500 lives. Known as the "Millionaires' Ship" because of the number of wealthy Americans who traveled by her, she was described as a "palatial liner" and was the flagship of White Star Line's Boston service. This was the first important marine rescue made possible by radio, and brought worldwide attention to this new technology.
RMS Rhone was a UK Royal Mail Ship owned by the Royal Mail Steam Packet Company (RMSP). She was wrecked off the coast of Salt Island in the British Virgin Islands on 29 October 1867 in a hurricane, killing 123 people. She is now a popular Caribbean wreck dive site.
RMS Amazon was a wooden three-masted barque, paddle steamer and Royal Mail Ship. She was the first of 5 sister ships commissioned by the Royal Mail Steam Packet Company to serve RMSP's routes between Southampton and the Caribbean.
Zaanland was a steam single-screw cargo ship built in 1900 by Russell and Company of Port Glasgow for Zuid Amerika Lijn of Amsterdam with intention of carrying cattle from Argentina and Uruguay to various ports in Europe, including England. The cargo ship operated on South America to Europe route during her entire career. She was requisitioned by the US Navy in March 1918 and sunk after colliding with another vessel on her first trip under Navy flag two months later.
RMS Atrato was a UK steamship that was built in 1888 as a Royal Mail Ship and ocean liner for the Royal Mail Steam Packet Company. In 1912 she was sold and became the cruise ship The Viking. Late in 1914 she was requisitioned and converted into the armed merchant cruiser HMS Viknor. She sank in 1915 with all hands, a total of 295 Royal Navy officers and men.
SS La Bourgogne was a French ocean liner, which sank in a collision July 1898, with the loss of 549 lives. At the time this sinking was infamous, because only 13% of the passengers survived, while 48% of the crew did. In 1886 she set a new record for the fastest Atlantic crossing by a postal steamer.
RMS Atrato was a UK iron-hulled steamship. She was built in 1853 for the Royal Mail Steam Packet Company as a side-wheel paddle steamer, and at the time of her launch was the world's largest passenger ship. In 1870 RMSP traded Atrato in, causing her to lose the status of "Royal Mail Ship". She was converted to a single screw ship with a compound steam engine in 1872, and placed on the Aberdeen Line that chartered her to run to Victoria and New Zealand. In 1880 she was renamed Rochester before sinking four years later in 1884 by running aground.
SS Navemar was a cargo steamship that was built in England in 1921, was Norwegian-owned until 1927 and then Spanish-owned for the rest of her career. An Italian submarine sank her in the Strait of Gibraltar in 1942.
PS Normandy was a British paddle-wheel mail steamer operating on the Southampton - Guernsey - Jersey route which, on a night of dense fog, sank 20 miles from The Needles in the English Channel in the early morning of 17 March 1870 after colliding at around 03:30 with steamship Mary, a propeller steamer carrying 500 tons of maize from Odessa to London via Gibraltar.
SS (RMS) Douglas (III) – the third vessel in the line's history to bear the name – was a packet steamer which entered service with the London and South Western Railway in 1889 under the name Dora until she was purchased by the Isle of Man Steam Packet Company in 1901 for £13,500.
SS (RMS) Mona (II) No. 76302 was a packet steamer operated by the Isle of Man Steam Packet Company. Mona was the first screw-driven ship in the company's history.
SS Oceana was a P&O passenger liner and cargo vessel, launched in 1887 by Harland and Wolff of Belfast and completed in 1888. Originally assigned to carry passengers and mail between London and Australia, she was later assigned to routes between London and British India. On 16 March 1912 the ship collided in the Strait of Dover with the Pisagua, a 2,850 GRT German-registered four-masted steel-hulled barque. As a result Oceana sank off Beachy Head on the East Sussex coast, with the loss of 17 lives.
SS San Juan was a passenger steamship owned by the Los Angeles and San Francisco Navigation Company. Previously, she was owned by the Pacific Mail Steamship Company and White Flyer Line. At the age of 47 years, San Juan was involved in a collision with the steel-hulled oil tanker S.C.T. Dodd. Because of her aged iron hull, San Juan was fatally damaged in the collision and sank three minutes later, killing 65 people. The loss of San Juan was strikingly similar to the loss of Columbia.
SS Sud America was an Italian ocean liner. She was built by Wigham Richardson, in Newcastle upon Tyne, England, and launched in 1872. She was operated by Lavarello Fratelli Fu G. B from 1872 until 1883. Her second owner was another Italian shipping company, La Veloce Navigazione Italiana a Vapore S. A., from 1884, who renamed her SS Sud America I.
RMS Amazon was a transatlantic Royal Mail Ship that the Royal Mail Steam Packet Company operated on scheduled services between Southampton and South American ports including Buenos Aires. She was the second of the RMSP's fleet of "A" series liners, and was launched in 1906.
SS Humber was a passenger and freight vessel built for the Goole Steam Shipping Company in 1903.
SS Columbia was a passenger vessel built for the London and South Western Railway in 1894.
TSS Lorina was a passenger vessel built for the London and South Western Railway in 1918.
Lamport and Holt was a UK merchant shipping line. It was founded as a partnership in 1845, reconstituted as a limited company in 1911 and ceased trading in 1991.
SS Vandyck was a 1911 steam ocean liner operated by Lamport and Holt Line and used on its service between New York and the River Plate. The German cruiser Karlsruhe sank her in 1914.