RTCB

Last updated

RTCB
Identifiers
Aliases RTCB , C22orf28, DJ149A16.6, FAAP, HSPC117, RNA 2',3'-cyclic phosphate and 5'-OH ligase
External IDs OMIM: 613901; MGI: 106379; HomoloGene: 36344; GeneCards: RTCB; OMA:RTCB - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

51493

28088

Ensembl

ENSG00000100220

ENSMUSG00000001783

UniProt

Q9Y3I0

Q99LF4

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_014306

NM_145422

RefSeq (protein)

NP_055121

NP_663397

Location (UCSC) Chr 22: 32.39 – 32.41 Mb Chr 10: 85.77 – 85.79 Mb
PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

RNA 2',3'-cyclic phosphate and 5'-OH ligase is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RTCB gene. [5] It is found in the stress granule of cells. [6]

Contents

Structure

As of June 2019, no crystal structure of the human RTCB is known, but homology models built from other RtcB-family ligases are available (Swiss-model: Q9Y3I0 ). The structure of Pyrococcus horikoshii RtcB, which uses GTP instead of ATP, shows two manganese (Mn2+) cofactors, and a mechanism involving a covalently linked GTP-histidine-RtcB intermediate. The residue involved, H404, is conserved in human RTCB as H428. [7]

Crystal structures of human RTCB in complex with human archease demonstrates that archease is essential for the activation of RTCB. [8]

Function

Protein family

tRNA splicing ligase RtcB
Identifiers
SymbolRtcB
Pfam PF01139
InterPro IPR001233
PROSITE PS01288
CATH 1uc2
SCOP2 1uc2 / SCOPe / SUPFAM
Available protein structures:
Pfam   structures / ECOD  
PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum structure summary

RTCB belongs to the RtcB family of ATP-dependent RNA ligases, named after the eponymous protein in E. coli . The bacterial RtcB acts as a tRNA ligase, rejoining broken stem-loops in case of damage. [9] It is also able to catalyse RNA splicing. [10]

The eukaryotic homologs of RtcB, including the human RTCB protein, participates in the tRNA-splicing ligase complex. [11]

Recently, RTCB was suggested to be involved in splicing DNA transposons in C. elegans and human cells. [12]

References

  1. 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000100220 – Ensembl, May 2017
  2. 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000001783 – Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ↑ "Entrez Gene: RNA 2',3'-cyclic phosphate and 5'-OH ligase" . Retrieved 6 June 2019.
  6. ↑ Jain S, Wheeler JR, Walters RW, Agrawal A, Barsic A, Parker R (January 2016). "ATPase-Modulated Stress Granules Contain a Diverse Proteome and Substructure". Cell. 164 (3): 487–98. Bibcode:2016Cell..164..487J. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.12.038. PMC   4733397 . PMID   26777405.
  7. ↑ Desai KK, Bingman CA, Phillips GN, Raines RT (April 2013). "Structures of the noncanonical RNA ligase RtcB reveal the mechanism of histidine guanylylation". Biochemistry. 52 (15): 2518–25. doi:10.1021/bi4002375. PMC   3670941 . PMID   23560983.
  8. ↑ Gerber JL, Morales Guzmán SI, Worf L, Hubbe P, Kopp J, Peschek J (16 March 2024). "Structural and mechanistic insights into activation of the human RNA ligase RTCB by Archease". Nature Communications. 15 (1) 2378. Bibcode:2024NatCo..15.2378G. doi:10.1038/s41467-024-46568-2. eISSN   2041-1723. PMC   10944509 . PMID   38493148.
  9. ↑ Tanaka N, Shuman S (March 2011). "RtcB is the RNA ligase component of an Escherichia coli RNA repair operon". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 286 (10): 7727–31. doi: 10.1074/jbc.C111.219022 . PMC   3048659 . PMID   21224389.
  10. ↑ Tanaka N, Meineke B, Shuman S (September 2011). "RtcB, a novel RNA ligase, can catalyze tRNA splicing and HAC1 mRNA splicing in vivo". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 286 (35): 30253–7. doi: 10.1074/jbc.C111.274597 . PMC   3162383 . PMID   21757685.
  11. ↑ Popow J, Englert M, Weitzer S, Schleiffer A, Mierzwa B, Mechtler K, et al. (February 2011). "HSPC117 is the essential subunit of a human tRNA splicing ligase complex". Science. 331 (6018): 760–4. Bibcode:2011Sci...331..760P. doi:10.1126/science.1197847. hdl: 11858/00-001M-0000-0011-5682-B . PMID   21311021. S2CID   1881494.
  12. ↑ Zhao LW, Nardone C, Chang C, Paulo JA, Elledge SJ, Kennedy S (2026). "An RNA splicing system that excises DNA transposons from animal mRNAs". Nature. 649 (8096): 496–504. doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09853-8.

Further reading


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