Ramesh Sitaraman

Last updated
Ramesh Sitaraman
Alma mater Indian Institute of Technology, Madras [1]
Princeton University [1]
Known for Content delivery network
Scientific career
Fields Computer science
Institutions University of Massachusetts, Amherst
Doctoral advisor Robert E. Tarjan [2]

Ramesh Sitaraman is an Indian American computer scientist known for his work on distributed algorithms, content delivery networks, streaming video delivery, and application delivery networks. He helped build the Akamai content delivery network, [3] [4] one of the world's largest distributed computing platforms. He is currently in the computer science department at University of Massachusetts Amherst. [5]

Contents

Biography

Ramesh Sitaraman received a B.Tech in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology, Madras and a Ph.D (1993) in computer science from Princeton University under Robert Tarjan. [1] [6] He helped build Akamai's high-performance network for delivering web and media content [1] and is an Akamai Fellow. [7] [8] Currently, he is a distinguished professor in the computer science department at University of Massachusetts, Amherst.

Research

Sitaraman's early research centered on algorithms for building reliable parallel networks from unreliable components by emulating a virtual overlay network on top of an underlying unreliable parallel network. [9] [3] Later, serving as a principal architect, [10] he helped build the Akamai network, [3] a large overlay network that currently delivers 15-30% of all web traffic using 190,000 servers in 110 countries in over 1,100 networks. [11] He is known for helping pioneer Iarge distributed networks for web content delivery, streaming media delivery, and application delivery on the Internet. [3] [4] His current research is focused on energy efficiency of Internet-scale distributed networks. [8] [12] He is also known for his early work in building large-scale video delivery networks, [10] measuring their performance, [13] and more recently studying the impact of streaming video performance on users. [14] [15] [16] [17] [18]

Recognition

Sitaraman was elected as an ACM Fellow in 2019 "for contributions to content delivery networks, distributed systems, and scalable Internet services". [19] He was elected as an IEEE Fellow in 2019 "for contributions to content delivery, internet performance and distributed systems". [20] [21]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peer-to-peer</span> Type of decentralized and distributed network architecture

Peer-to-peer (P2P) computing or networking is a distributed application architecture that partitions tasks or workloads between peers. Peers are equally privileged, equipotent participants in the network. This forms a peer-to-peer network of nodes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Leslie Lamport</span> American computer scientist and mathematician

Leslie B. Lamport is an American computer scientist and mathematician. Lamport is best known for his seminal work in distributed systems, and as the initial developer of the document preparation system LaTeX and the author of its first manual.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Akamai Technologies</span> American computer networking company

Akamai Technologies, Inc. is an American content delivery network (CDN), cybersecurity, and cloud service company, providing web and Internet security services. The company operates a network of servers worldwide and rents the capacity of the servers to customers wanting to increase the efficiency of their websites by using Akamai owned servers located near the user. When a user navigates to the URL of an Akamai customer, their browser is directed by Akamai's domain name system to a proximal edge server that can serve the requested content. Akamai's mapping system assigns each user to a proximal edge server using sophisticated algorithms such as stable matching and consistent hashing, enabling more reliable and faster web downloads. Further, Akamai implements DDoS mitigation and other security services in its edge server platform.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Content delivery network</span> Layer in the internet ecosystem addressing bottlenecks

A content delivery network, or content distribution network (CDN), is a geographically distributed network of proxy servers and their data centers. The goal is to provide high availability and performance by distributing the service spatially relative to end users. CDNs came into existence in the late 1990s as a means for alleviating the performance bottlenecks of the Internet as the Internet was starting to become a mission-critical medium for people and enterprises. Since then, CDNs have grown to serve a large portion of the Internet content today, including web objects, downloadable objects, applications, live streaming media, on-demand streaming media, and social media sites.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">F. Thomson Leighton</span> American computer scientist

Frank Thomson "Tom" Leighton is the CEO of Akamai Technologies, the company he co-founded with the late Daniel Lewin in 1998. As one of the world's preeminent authorities on algorithms for network applications and cybersecurity, Dr. Leighton discovered a solution to free up web congestion using applied mathematics and distributed computing.

Reid William Barton is a mathematician and also one of the most successful performers in the International Science Olympiads.

In computer science, consistent hashing is a special kind of hashing technique such that when a hash table is resized, only keys need to be remapped on average where is the number of keys and is the number of slots. In contrast, in most traditional hash tables, a change in the number of array slots causes nearly all keys to be remapped because the mapping between the keys and the slots is defined by a modular operation.

Scott J. Shenker is an American computer scientist, and professor of computer science at the University of California, Berkeley. He is also the leader of the Extensible Internet Group at the International Computer Science Institute in Berkeley, California.

Quality of experience (QoE) is a measure of the delight or annoyance of a customer's experiences with a service. QoE focuses on the entire service experience; it is a holistic concept, similar to the field of user experience, but with its roots in telecommunication. QoE is an emerging multidisciplinary field based on social psychology, cognitive science, economics, and engineering science, focused on understanding overall human quality requirements.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Edge computing</span> Distributed computing paradigm

Edge computing is a distributed computing paradigm that brings computation and data storage closer to the sources of data. This is expected to improve response times and save bandwidth. Edge computing is an architecture rather than a specific technology, and a topology- and location-sensitive form of distributed computing.

Speedera Networks, founded in 1999, was a content delivery network (CDN) company that emerged in the late 1990s to advance technology applications for Internet communications and collaboration and became the first CDN to turn a profit. On June, 2005, Akamai acquired Speedera Networks.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Michael Luby</span> Information theorist and cryptographer

Michael George Luby is a mathematician and computer scientist, CEO of BitRipple, senior research scientist at the International Computer Science Institute (ICSI), former VP Technology at Qualcomm, co-founder and former chief technology officer of Digital Fountain. In coding theory he is known for leading the invention of the Tornado codes and the LT codes. In cryptography he is known for his contributions showing that any one-way function can be used as the basis for private cryptography, and for his analysis, in collaboration with Charles Rackoff, of the Feistel cipher construction. His distributed algorithm to find a maximal independent set in a computer network has also been influential.

ACM Multimedia (ACM-MM) is the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)'s annual conference on multimedia, sponsored by the SIGMM special interest group on multimedia in the ACM. SIGMM specializes in the field of multimedia computing, from underlying technologies to applications, theory to practice, and servers to networks to devices.

Bruce MacDowell Maggs is an American computer scientist and professor at Duke University whose research interests include computer networks, distributed systems, and computer security. He was a founding employee and served as vice president for Research and Development for Akamai Technologies. He is currently the Director of Engineering at Emerald Innovations, Inc.

Adaptive bitrate streaming is a technique used in streaming multimedia over computer networks. While in the past most video or audio streaming technologies utilized streaming protocols such as RTP with RTSP, today's adaptive streaming technologies are based almost exclusively on HTTP, and are designed to work efficiently over large distributed HTTP networks. Adaptive bitrate streaming works by detecting a user's bandwidth and CPU capacity in real time, adjusting the quality of the media stream accordingly. It requires the use of an encoder which encodes a single source media at multiple bit rates. The player client switches between streaming the different encodings depending on available resources. "The result: very little buffering, fast start time and a good experience for both high-end and low-end connections."

Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH), also known as MPEG-DASH, is an adaptive bitrate streaming technique that enables high quality streaming of media content over the Internet delivered from conventional HTTP web servers. Similar to Apple's HTTP Live Streaming (HLS) solution, MPEG-DASH works by breaking the content into a sequence of small segments, which are served over HTTP. An early HTTP web server based streaming system called SProxy was developed and deployed in the Hewlett Packard Laboratories in 2006. It showed how to use HTTP range requests to break the content into small segments. SProxy shows the effectiveness of segment based streaming, gaining best Internet penetration due to the wide deployment of firewalls, and reducing the unnecessary traffic transmission if a user chooses to terminate the streaming session earlier before reaching the end. Each segment contains a short interval of playback time of content that is potentially many hours in duration, such as a movie or the live broadcast of a sport event. The content is made available at a variety of different bit rates, i.e., alternative segments encoded at different bit rates covering aligned short intervals of playback time. While the content is being played back by an MPEG-DASH client, the client uses a bit rate adaptation (ABR) algorithm to automatically select the segment with the highest bit rate possible that can be downloaded in time for playback without causing stalls or re-buffering events in the playback. The current MPEG-DASH reference client dash.js offers both buffer-based (BOLA) and hybrid (DYNAMIC) bit rate adaptation algorithms. Thus, an MPEG-DASH client can seamlessly adapt to changing network conditions and provide high quality playback with few stalls or re-buffering events.

Klara Nahrstedt is the Ralph and Catherine Fisher Professor of Computer Science at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, and directs the Coordinated Science Laboratory there. Her research concerns multimedia, quality of service, and middleware.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Transition (computer science)</span>

Transition refers to a computer science paradigm in the context of communication systems which describes the change of communication mechanisms, i.e., functions of a communication system, in particular, service and protocol components. In a transition, communication mechanisms within a system are replaced by functionally comparable mechanisms with the aim to ensure the highest possible quality, e.g., as captured by the quality of service.

Prashant Shenoy is an Indian-American Computer Scientist. He is a Distinguished Professor of Computer Science in the College of Information and Computer Sciences at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. He is known for his contributions to distributed computing, computer networks, cloud computing, and computational sustainability.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Saverio Mascolo</span> Italian information engineer

Saverio Mascolo is an Italian information engineer, academic and researcher. He is the former Head of the Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Science and the professor of Automatic Control at Department of Ingegneria Elettrica e dell'Informazione (DEI) at Politecnico di Bari, Italy.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Biography for Ramesh Sitaraman" . Retrieved 2013-02-04.
  2. ↑ Ramesh Sitaraman at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
  3. 1 2 3 4 Erik Nygren, Ramesh K. Sitaraman, and Jennifer Sun. "The Akamai Network: A Platform for High-Performance Internet Applications, ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review, Vol. 44, No.3, July 2010" (PDF).
  4. 1 2 J. Dilley, B. Maggs, J. Parikh, H. Prokop, R. Sitaraman, and B. Weihl. "Globally Distributed Content Delivery, IEEE Internet Computing, September/October 2002, pp. 50-58" (PDF).
  5. ↑ "UMass CS Faculty Directory" . Retrieved 2013-02-05.
  6. ↑ "Graduate Alumni". People. Retrieved 4 September 2022.
  7. ↑ "New Video Quality Study Examines Causes of Viewer Behavior" . Retrieved 2013-02-04.
  8. 1 2 "How smart batteries create efficient data centers, Green Biz, Jan 2013" . Retrieved 2013-02-04.
  9. ↑ F.T. Leighton, B. Maggs, and R. Sitaraman. "On the Fault Tolerance of Some Popular Bounded-Degree Networks, Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS), October 1992, pp. 542-552". 1992. pp. 542–552. CiteSeerX   10.1.1.35.9254 .
  10. 1 2 "Keynote talk: Streaming Content Delivery Networks, Packet Video Conference, 2002" . Retrieved 2013-02-04.
  11. ↑ "Akamai Facts & Figures" . Retrieved 2013-02-05.
  12. ↑ "Batteries should be part of the future Internet infrastructure, GigaOm, October 2012" . Retrieved 2013-02-04.
  13. ↑ Ramesh Sitaraman and Reid W. Barton. "Method and apparatus for measuring stream availability, quality and performance, US Patent, Feb 2002".
  14. ↑ S. Shunmuga Krishnan and Ramesh Sitaraman. "Video Stream Quality Impacts Viewer Behavior: Inferring Causality using Quasi-Experimental Designs, Proceedings of the ACM Internet Measurement Conference (IMC), Boston, MA, Nov 2012" (PDF).
  15. ↑ "NPR Morning Edition: In Video-Streaming Rat Race, Fast is Never Fast Enough, October 2012". NPR.org. Retrieved 2013-02-04.
  16. ↑ "Boston Globe: Instant gratification is making us perpetually impatient, Feb 2013". The Boston Globe . Retrieved 2013-02-04.
  17. ↑ "CNN: Online viewers ditch slow-loading video after 2 seconds, November 2012". CNN . 12 November 2012. Retrieved 2013-02-04.
  18. ↑ "Science Daily: How Online Video Stream Quality Affect Viewer Behavior, November 2012" . Retrieved 2013-02-04.
  19. ↑ 2019 ACM Fellows Recognized for Far-Reaching Accomplishments that Define the Digital Age, Association for Computing Machinery, retrieved 2019-12-11
  20. ↑ "Sitaraman Elevated to IEEE Fellow for Pioneering Contributions to Content Delivery". UMass News Office. December 5, 2018. Retrieved January 3, 2020.
  21. ↑ "IEEE Computer Society Announces 2019 Fellows". IEEE Computer Society. December 12, 2018. Retrieved January 3, 2020.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.