Ranks and insignia of the Ordnungspolizei

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The wreathed Polizeiadler (police eagle) was worn as a cap badge and on the left sleeve by all uniformed police. Kommandant der OrPo.svg
The wreathed Polizeiadler (police eagle) was worn as a cap badge and on the left sleeve by all uniformed police.

The ranks and insignia of the Ordnungspolizei were developed in 1936 after the nationalisation of Germany's regular police forces.

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Ordnungspolizei

Decals of the Ordnungspolizei used on various helmets Ordnungspolizei Stahlhelm decals.svg
Decals of the Ordnungspolizei used on various helmets

Ordnungspolizei (Orpo) ranks were based on local police titles and were considered a separate system from the ranks of the SS. If a member of the Order Police was already an SS member or - upon application - became an SS member, he was automatically awarded an SS rank according to his police rank. Within the police administration, only the police rank was used. In the SS environment, the equivalent SS title was usually mentioned first, even if the bearer usually had no function in the SS administration. In 1944, all Orpo generals also gained equivalent Waffen-SS ranks so that, in the event of capture by the Allies, the Orpo general would hold status as a military officer instead of a police official.

It was not until the decree of 16.4.1940 that the Order Police were allowed to show their SS affiliation in their uniforms: A small SS rune was sewn on below the left breast pocket. [1]

Ordnungspolizei rank insignia

German police uniforms in 1936: Green service dress with brown collar and cuffs for Schutzpolizei (municipal and state protection police), orange collar and cuffs for Gendarmerie (state rural police), blue maritime police, and white traffic police uniforms; visor caps and German police shakos, the characteristic "bump hat" of the Schutzpolizei DEUTSCHE UNIFORMEN Tafel 17 Uniformen und Rangabzeichen der Deutschen Polizei Schutzpolizei Wasserschutzpolizei Gendarmerie Tschako etc Moritz Ruhl Kunstverlag Leipzig Nazi Germany 1936 No known copyright restrictions cropped.jpg
German police uniforms in 1936: Green service dress with brown collar and cuffs for Schutzpolizei (municipal and state protection police), orange collar and cuffs for Gendarmerie (state rural police), blue maritime police, and white traffic police uniforms; visor caps and German police shakos, the characteristic "bump hat" of the Schutzpolizei
German police insignia in 1936: Shoulderboards (Schulterstucke), collar patches (Kragenspiegel), and branch colours (Truppenfarbe) DEUTSCHE UNIFORMEN Tafel 18 Uniformen und Rangabzeichen der Deutschen Polizei Schulterstucke Kragenspiegel Farben etc Moritz Ruhl Kunstverlag Leipzig Nazi Germany 1940-41 No known copyright restrictions cropped.jpg
German police insignia in 1936: Shoulderboards (Schulterstücke), collar patches (Kragenspiegel), and branch colours (Truppenfarbe)

In addition to collar and shoulder insignia, Ordnungspolizei also wore the wreathed police eagle on the upper left sleeve. The collar patch and shoulderboards were backed, and the sleeve eagle (below the rank of Leutnant) embroidered, in truppenfarbe, a colour-code which indicated the branch of police: green for Schutzpolizei (protection police) and police general officers, wine-red for Gemeindepolizei (municipal protection police), orange for rural Gendarmerie, carmine-red for fire brigades, gold for maritime police, and light grey for administrative police. [2]

General officers

Shoulder insigniaCollar insignia
(193642)
Collar insignia
(194245)
Orpo general rankEquivalent SS rank
Reichsfuhrer-SS shoulder.svg Reichsfuhrer-SS Collar Rank.svg Chef der Deutschen Polizei Reichsführer-SS
ORPO-Generaloberst h.svg Collar tabs for the Generals of the German Police.svg GenObst d. Polizei Kragenspiegel 1942-45.gif Generaloberst der Polizei Oberst-Gruppenführer
ORPO-General h.svg Gen d. Polizei Kragenspiegel 1942-45.gif General der Polizei Obergruppenführer
ORPO-Generalleutnant h.svg GenLeut d. Polizei Kragenspiegel 1942-45.gif Generalleutnant der Polizei Gruppenführer
ORPO-Generalmajor h.svg GenMaj d. Polizei Kragenspiegel1942-45.gif Generalmajor der Polizei Brigadeführer

Note: Since most police generals, increasingly as time went on, were also SS generals, they typically wore an SS uniform except at police-specific functions.

Field and junior officers

Shoulder insigniaCollar insigniaOrpo general rankEquivalent SS rank
ORPO-Oberst h.svg Collar tabs of Offiziere of the ORPO.svg Oberst der Schutzpolizei Standartenführer
ORPO-Oberstleutnant h.svg Oberstleutnant der Schutzpolizei Obersturmbannführer
ORPO-Major h.svg Major der Schutzpolizei Sturmbannführer
ORPO-Hauptmann h.svg Hauptmann der Schutzpolizei Hauptsturmführer
ORPO-Oberleutnant h.svg Oberleutnant der Schutzpolizei Obersturmführer
ORPO-Leutnant h.svg Leutnant der Schutzpolizei Untersturmführer

Enlisted, NCOs, and senior NCOs [3]

Shoulder insigniaCollar insigniaOrpo general rankTranslationEquivalent SS rankEquivalent U.S. Army rank
ORPO-Meister h.svg Meister MasterNone [4] (Warrant officer)
ORPO-Hauptwachtmeister h.svg HauptwachtmeisterChief watch master Hauptscharführer (Master sergeant)
ORPO-Revier-Oberwachtmeister h.svg Revieroberwachtmeister (Schupo)
Bezirksoberwachtmeister (Gendarmerie)
Zugwachtmeister (Kasernierte Polizei)
Precinct senior watch master
District senior watch master
Platoon watch master
Oberscharführer (Technical sergeant)
ORPO-Oberwachtmeister h.svg OberwachtmeisterSenior watch master Scharführer (Staff sergeant)
ORPO-Wachtmeister h.svg Wachtmeister Watch master Unterscharführer (Sergeant)
ORPO-Rottwachtmeister h.svg RottmeisterTeam master Rottenführer (Corporal)
ORPO-Unterwachtmeister h.svg UnterwachtmeisterJunior watch master Sturmmann Constable (Private first class)
No insigniaAnwärterCandidate Mann Constable cadet (Private)

Rank and pay

Policemen were promoted according to a regulated career system from Anwärter to Hauptwachtmeiser. Having served in the military for two years, promotion to Rottwachtmeister took place aftr two years in the police; to Wachtmeister after four years; to Oberwachtmeister after six years; to Revieroberwachtmeister after seven years. After twelve years, policemen were guaranteed a promotion to Hauptwachtmeister. Selection for promotion to Meister could take place after 16 years. Some Meisters could be selected for promotion to Revierleutnant and then Revieroberleutnant. After five year as a police lieutenant, and at an age of at least 50 years, promotion to Revierhauptmann could take place. Promotion for officers was determined by merit and seniority. Promotion to Hauptmann required a written civil service exam, while promotion to Major required a three months promotional course at a police officer school. A special police general staff school was opened for this purpose in Dresden. [6] [7]

Pay grade [8] Annual Pay Reichsmark (RM)

(basic pay without allowances) [8]

Mannschaften (Enlisted)

Unterführer (NCO) Revieroffiziere

Offiziere (Officers)
-..Anwärter
-..Anwärterwith more than 6 months service
-..Unterwachtmeister
A8c51,536Rottwachtmeister
A8c41,920Wachtmeister
A8c32,040Oberwachtmeister
A8c22,340Revieroberwachtmeister
A8c12,370Hauptwachtmeister with less than 12 years service
A8a2,1002,800Hauptwachtmeister with more than 12 years service
A7c2,0003,000Hauptwachtmeister appointed before April 12, 1943
A7a2,3503,500Meister
A5b2,3004,200Obermeister
Revierleutnant
A4e2,8004,600Leutnant
A4e2,8004,600Oberleutnant
A4c22,8005,000Inspektor
Revieroberleutnant
A4c12,8005,300Revierhauptmann
A3b4,8006,900Hauptmann
A2c28,400Major
A2b9,700Oberstleutnant
A1a12,600Oberst
B7a16,000Generalmajor
B419,000Generalleutnant
B3a24,000General

Mean annual pay for an industrial worker was 1,459 Reichsmarks in 1939, and for a privately employed white-collar worker 2,772 Reichsmarks. [9]

References

  1. O.-Kdo P I (1a) Nr. 146/40, RMBliV S. 798.
  2. Gordon Williamsson, World War II German Police Units, Osprey Publishing 2006, p. 8.
  3. Unteroffiziere mit Portepee (equivalent to warrant officer)
  4. Maybe equivalent to the Wehrmacht's Festungswerkmeister ("Fortress Foreman") and Hufbeschlaglehrmeister ("Farrier Instructor").
  5. Schutzpolizei des Reiches Retrieved 2016-01-10.
  6. Public Safety in Germany. (Headquarters, Army Service Forces, 7 December 1943), p. 24.
  7. The German Police (Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force: Evaluation and Dissemination Section (G-2), 1945), p. 101-103.
  8. 1 2 Reichsbesoldungsordnung 1943, RGBl I:38
  9. Die Besoldung eines Soldaten der Wehrmacht Retrieved 2013-11-26