Related Research Articles
Alma Guillermoprieto is a Mexican journalist. She has written extensively about Latin America for the British and American press, especially The New Yorker and The New York Review of Books. Her writings have also been widely disseminated within the Spanish-speaking world and she has published eight books in both English and Spanish, and been translated into several more languages.
The El Mozote massacre took place both in and around the village of El Mozote, in the Morazán Department, El Salvador, on December 11 and 12, 1981, when the Salvadoran Army killed more than 811 civilians during the Salvadoran Civil War. The army had arrived in the village on the 10th, following clashes with guerrillas in the area. The Salvadoran Army's Atlácatl Battalion, under the orders of Domingo Monterrosa was responsible for the massacre.
Elliott Abrams is an American politician and lawyer, who has served in foreign policy positions for presidents Ronald Reagan, George W. Bush, and Donald Trump. Abrams is considered to be a neoconservative. He is currently a senior fellow for Middle Eastern studies at the Council on Foreign Relations. He served as the U.S. Special Representative for Venezuela from 2019 to 2021 and as the U.S. Special Representative for Iran from 2020 to 2021.
The Revolutionary Government Junta was the name of three consecutive joint civilian-military dictatorships that ruled El Salvador between 15 October 1979 and 2 May 1982.
El Mozote is a village in the Morazán Department in El Salvador. It was the site of the El Mozote massacre during the civil war in December 1981 when nearly 1,000 civilians were killed by a Salvadoran Army unit known as the Atlácatl Battalion.
The Salvadoran Civil War was a twelve-year period of civil war in El Salvador that was fought between the government of El Salvador and the Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN), a coalition or "umbrella organization" of left-wing groups backed by the Cuban regime of Fidel Castro as well as the Soviet Union. A coup on 15 October 1979 followed by government killings of anti-coup protesters is widely seen as the start of civil war. The war did not formally end until after the collapse of the Soviet Union, when, on 16 January 1992 the Chapultepec Peace Accords were signed in Mexico City.
Reed Irvine was an American economist and activist who founded the conservative media watchdog organization Accuracy in Media, and remained its head for 35 years. Irvine was motivated by his belief that established news media from the dominant television news media to large city newspaper reporting was colored and biased in favor of a socialist perspective. He became concerned that this dominant perspective was shaping the way the dominant media reported foreign news and events.
The Atlácatl Battalion was a rapid-response, counter-insurgency battalion of the Salvadoran Army created in 1981. It was implicated in some of the most infamous massacres of the Salvadoran Civil War.
Rufina Amaya was the sole survivor of the El Mozote massacre on December 11 and December 12, 1981, in the Salvadoran department of Morazán during the Salvadoran Civil War.
ORDEN or Organización Democrática Nacionalista was a Salvadoran paramilitary organization founded under the military rule of Julio Adalberto Rivera, headed by José Alberto Medrano. ORDEN helped control the 1972 elections, in which reform-minded José Napoleón Duarte lost to Arturo Armando Molina due to fraud.
José Domingo Monterrosa Barrios was a military commander of the Armed Forces of El Salvador during the Salvadoran Civil War. He was responsible for ordering the El Mozote massacre.
During the Salvadoran Civil War, on 16 November 1989, Salvadoran Army soldiers killed six Jesuits and two others, the caretaker's wife and daughter, at their residence on the campus of Central American University in San Salvador, El Salvador. Polaroid photos of the Jesuits' bullet-riddled bodies were on display in the hallway outside the chapel, and a memorial rose garden was planted beside the chapel to commemorate the murders.
Hispanic and Latino women in America have been involved in journalism for years, using their multilingual skills to reach across cultures and spread news throughout the 19th century until the common era. Hispanic presses provided information important to the Hispanic and Latin American communities and helped to foster and preserve the cultural values that remain today. These presses also "promoted education, provided special-interest columns, and often founded magazines, publishing houses, and bookstores to disseminate the ideas of local and external writers."
The El Calabozo massacre was an incident during the Salvadoran Civil War on 21–22 August 1982, in which more than two hundred people, including children and elderly, were reportedly killed at El Calabozo by the Atlácatl Battalion of the Salvadoran Army.
On December 2, 1980, four Catholic missionaries from the United States working in El Salvador were raped and murdered by five members of the El Salvador National Guard. The murdered missionaries were Maryknoll Sisters Maura Clarke and Ita Ford, Ursuline Dorothy Kazel, and lay missionary Jean Donovan.
Marcela Zamora Chamorro is a Salvadoran born-Nicaraguan documentary director and journalist. She has worked in El Salvador, Nicaragua, Mexico, Venezuela, and Cuba.
Waltzing with a Dictator: The Marcoses and the Making of American Policy is a 1987 book about the policies of the United States toward the two-decade Philippine presidency of Ferdinand Marcos, written by American investigative reporter Raymond Bonner. The book received mixed reviews from critics, who praised its thoroughly detailed history while criticizing its lack of satisfactory analysis.
Death squads in El Salvador were far-right paramilitary groups acting in opposition to Marxist–Leninist guerrilla forces, most notably of the Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN), and their allies among the civilian population before, during, and after the Salvadoran Civil War. The death squads committed the vast majority of the murders and massacres during the civil war from 1979 to 1992 and were heavily aligned with the United States-backed government.
The Santa Rita massacre occurred near the municipality of Santa Rita in Chalatenango, El Salvador, on 17 March 1982. During the massacre, soldiers from the Atonal Battalion attacked and killed four Dutch journalists and a disputed number of guerrillas from the Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN).
Joe Sanderson was an adventurer from Urbana, Illinois who was one of two Americans to be killed in combat while fighting with leftist rebels during the Salvadoran Civil War. He traveled across more than 70 countries between 1960 and 1982, and is the subject of the novel The Last Great Road Bum by Héctor Tobar.
References
- ↑ Lyons Award Goes to American Journalist. The Harvard University Gazette. May 2, 1996. Retrieved July 19, 2007.
- ↑ "Raymond Bonner". Penguin Random House Higher Education. Retrieved 2022-11-27.
- ↑ "A Year of Reckoning: El Salvador a Decade After the Assassination of Archbishop Romero" Human Rights Watch, 1990, pp. 224-225
- ↑ "HOW U.S. ADVISERS RUN THE WAR IN EL SALVADOR" Philadelphia Inquirer, May 29, 1983
- ↑ "LETTER DATED 29 MARCH 1993 FROM THE SECRETARY-GENERAL ADDRESSED TO THE PRESIDENT OF THE SECURITY COUNCIL", S/25500, Report of the UN Truth Commission on El Salvador, 1 Apr. 1993
- ↑ "How U.S. Actions Helped Hide Salvador Human Rights Abuses" New York Times, March 21, 1993
- ↑ quoting Lewis, Michael Miner (April 15, 1993). "Changing Times: The Vindication of Raymond Bonner". Chicago Reader. Retrieved 28 December 2014.
- ↑ Michael Miner (April 15, 1993). "Changing Times: The Vindication of Raymond Bonner". Chicago Reader. Retrieved 28 December 2014.
- ↑ "FBI Apologizes to Post, Times". Washingtonpost.com. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
- ↑ Andre Damon (20 January 2010). "FBI illegally obtained thousands of phone records - World Socialist Web Site". Wsws.org. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
- ↑ "Raymond Bonner". The Atlantic. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
- ↑ "Raymond Bonner Wins Kennedy Award." The New York Times , May 3, 1985, p. C28. Archived from the original.
- ↑ The 1999 Pulitzer Prize Winner in National Reporting: "Staff of The New York Times, notably Jeff Gerth." The Pulitzer Prizes. Archived from the original.
- ↑ "Gannett News Service Wins Top Overseas Press Club Award." The Associated Press , April 19, 1988. Archived from the original.
- "The Cornelius Ryan Award for best book on foreign affairs: Raymond Bonner, Times Books, for Waltzing With a Dictator: The Marcoses and the Making of American Policy."
- ↑ Wilson, Sianne. A Search for Justice. Retro Report . Accessed December 15, 2016.
- ↑ Zagoria, Donald S. Review of Waltzing with a Dictator: The Marcoses and the Making of American Policy, by Raymond Bonner. Foreign Affairs , Vol. 66, No. 1, Fall 1987, p. 205. Archived from the original.
