Hospitals in Denmark are run by the administrative regions which came into effect with the municipal reform on January 1, 2007. Some months later, the psychiatry and somatics were administratively split apart, meaning that psychiatric departments of hospitals would no longer be under administration of the hospital they had been attached to. Instead, all the psychiatric departments in Region Hovedstaden would sort under a region-wide entity called Region Hovedstadens Psykiatri, which would in all matters be equivalent to more traditional hospitals, except that it wouldn't have a single location.
Region Hovedstadens Psykiatri has about 5,000 employees, and treats about 35,000 patients with mental disorders each year, which is about 40% of the total psychiatric treatment given in Denmark.[1]
Mental health centres
Region Hovedstadens Psykiatri is divided into mental health centres, each taking patients from their geographical areas. These are Mental Health Centre Amager, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen (a merger of the previous Mental Health Centres Bispebjerg and Rigshospitalet), Mental Health Centre Frederiksberg, Mental Health Centre Hvidovre, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Mental Health Centre Ballerup, Mental Health Centre Bornholm, Mental Health Centre Gentofte, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, and Mental Health Centre Nordsjælland. In addition, there are individual mental health centres for children and adolescents in Bispebjerg, Glostrup, and Hillerød.
Several research projects are undertaken in Region Hovedstadens Psykiatri. At Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, for instance, research projects about treatment of cannabis abuse in patients with a psychotic illness (the CapOpus trial), training of cognitive functioning in patients with schizophrenia (the Neurocom trial), and suicide prevention are currently running.[6]
Mental Health Centre Glostrup houses the Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) which aims at investigating the association between brain functions and psychotic symptoms in patients with recent-onset schizophrenia. this involves psychopathological, neuropsychological, and psychophysiological tests and MRI, SPECT, and PET scans. CNSR was the first group to show the association between dopaminereceptors and psychotic symptoms in patients with recent-onset schizophrenia.[6]
↑ Nordentoft, M; Thorup A; Petersen L; Ohlenschlaeger J; Melau M; Christensen TØ; Krarup G; Jørgensen P; Jeppesen P (March 2006). "Transition rates from schizotypal disorder to psychotic disorder for first-contact patients included in the OPUS trial. A randomized clinical trial of integrated treatment and standard treatment". Schizophrenia Research. 83 (1): 29–40. doi:10.1016/j.schres.2006.01.002. PMID16504481. S2CID23484838.
Psychosis is a condition of the mind or psyche that results in difficulties determining what is real and what is not real. Symptoms may include delusions and hallucinations, among other features. Additional symptoms are disorganized thinking and incoherent speech and behavior that is inappropriate for a given situation. There may also be sleep problems, social withdrawal, lack of motivation, and difficulties carrying out daily activities. Psychosis can have serious adverse outcomes.
A psychiatric or psychotropic medication is a psychoactive drug taken to exert an effect on the chemical makeup of the brain and nervous system. Thus, these medications are used to treat mental illnesses. These medications are typically made of synthetic chemical compounds and are usually prescribed in psychiatric settings, potentially involuntarily during commitment. Since the mid-20th century, such medications have been leading treatments for a broad range of mental disorders and have decreased the need for long-term hospitalization, thereby lowering the cost of mental health care. The recidivism or rehospitalization of the mentally ill is at a high rate in many countries, and the reasons for the relapses are under research.
Schizoaffective disorder is a mental disorder characterized by symptoms of both schizophrenia (psychosis) and a mood disorder - either bipolar disorder or depression. The main diagnostic criterion is the presence of psychotic symptoms for at least two weeks without prominent mood symptoms. Common symptoms include hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech and thinking, as well as mood episodes. Schizoaffective disorder can often be misdiagnosed when the correct diagnosis may be psychotic depression, bipolar I disorder, schizophreniform disorder, or schizophrenia. This is a problem as treatment and prognosis differ greatly for most of these diagnoses. Many people with schizoaffective disorder have other mental disorders including anxiety disorders.
Delusional disorder, traditionally synonymous with paranoia, is a mental illness in which a person has delusions, but with no accompanying prominent hallucinations, thought disorder, mood disorder, or significant flattening of affect. Delusions are a specific symptom of psychosis. Delusions can be bizarre or non-bizarre in content; non-bizarre delusions are fixed false beliefs that involve situations that could occur in real life, such as being harmed or poisoned. Apart from their delusion or delusions, people with delusional disorder may continue to socialize and function in a normal manner and their behavior does not necessarily seem odd. However, the preoccupation with delusional ideas can be disruptive to their overall lives.
The Capital Region of Denmark is the easternmost administrative region of Denmark, and contains Copenhagen, the national capital.
Copenhagen University Hospital is a conglomerate of several hospitals in Region Hovedstaden and Region Sjælland in Denmark, together with the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences at the University of Copenhagen.
Schizophreniform disorder is a mental disorder diagnosed when symptoms of schizophrenia are present for a significant portion of time, but signs of disturbance are not present for the full six months required for the diagnosis of schizophrenia.
Frederiksberg Hospital is a medium-sized government-owned general hospital located in Frederiksberg, Denmark. It has 380 beds (2005) and an emergency department.
Amager Hospital is located in Denmark on the island of Amager in Copenhagen. It was founded on 1 April 1997 with the merger of Skt. Elisabeth Hospital and Sundby Hospital. Administratively, Amager Hospital is maintained by Region Hovedstaden and was merged with Hvidovre Hospital in 2012.
Bispebjerg Hospital is one of the hospitals in the Capital Region of Denmark. Along with a number of other hospitals and the University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital forms part of the Copenhagen University Hospital.
CapOpus is the name of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) running in Denmark at Psychiatric Center Bispebjerg and physically located at Bispebjerg Hospital in Copenhagen. It is an intervention aimed at reducing cannabis consumption in young persons with comorbid severe mental illness such as schizophrenia or schizotypal personality disorder, and cannabis dependency. It is run by psychiatrist Merete Nordentoft.
Dual diagnosis is the condition of having a mental illness and a comorbid substance use disorder. There is considerable debate surrounding the appropriateness of using a single category for a heterogeneous group of individuals with complex needs and a varied range of problems. The concept can be used broadly, for example depression and alcohol use disorder, or it can be restricted to specify severe mental illness and substance use disorder, or a person who has a milder mental illness and a drug dependency, such as panic disorder or generalized anxiety disorder and is dependent on opioids. Diagnosing a primary psychiatric illness in people who use substances is challenging as substance use disorder itself often induces psychiatric symptoms, thus making it necessary to differentiate between substance induced and pre-existing mental illness.
Bornholms Hospital is a hospital in the city of Rønne on the Danish island of Bornholm. Administratively, it falls under the domain of the Capital Region of Denmark along with hospitals in the greater Copenhagen area and northern Zealand. It serves a population of under 40,000 (2017) on Bornholm and Ertholmene. The hospital also physically hosts a mental health centre, which however falls administratively under the psychiatric hospital of Region Hovedstadens Psykiatri. Even before it became a part of the Capital Region of Denmark, some patients from the hospital were flown by helicopter to Rigshospitalet in Copenhagen Municipality.
Early intervention in psychosis is a clinical approach to those experiencing symptoms of psychosis for the first time. It forms part of a new prevention paradigm for psychiatry and is leading to reform of mental health services, especially in the United Kingdom and Australia.
Rigshospitalet Glostrup is hospital located in the township of Glostrup, 8 km from the center of Copenhagen in Denmark. It is owned and managed by the regional health authority of the Greater Copenhagen region, Region Hovedstaden. The hospital was formerly known as Glostrup Hospital, but after the merger with Rigshospitalet 1/1/2015, it is now known as Rigshospitalet Glostrup.
Patrick Dennistoun McGorry is an Irish-born Australian psychiatrist known for his development of the early intervention services for emerging mental disorders in young people.
The National Psychosis Unit is a national treatment centre for patients with schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, in the United Kingdom. The unit is a tertiary referral centre in the National Health Service. It is located at the Bethlem Royal Hospital, part of the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust. It is closely affiliated to the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, and forms part of the Psychosis Clinical Academic Group of King's Health Partners.
Sankt Hans Hospital is a psychiatric hospital in Roskilde on the Danish island of Zealand, 30 km from Copenhagen. Although situated in the Zealand Region, it is owned by the Capital Region and serves patients from that region. The land was bought by the forerunner of Copenhagen Municipality at the beginning of the 1800s so it could relocate the municipality's psychiatric hospital to a more rural location. With a history beginning in 1620, the hospital now has 180 beds and offers specialized treatment in the areas of forensic psychiatry and dual diagnosis.
Psychiatry is, and has historically been, viewed as controversial by those under its care, as well as sociologists and psychiatrists themselves. There are a variety of reasons cited for this controversy, including the subjectivity of diagnosis, the use of diagnosis and treatment for social and political control including detaining citizens and treating them without consent, the side effects of treatments such as electroconvulsive therapy, antipsychotics and historical procedures like the lobotomy and other forms of psychosurgery or insulin shock therapy, and the history of racism within the profession in the United States.
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