This article reads like a press release or a news article and is largely based on routine coverage or sensationalism .(November 2013) |
The Research-on-Research (ROR) Committee was created by the Arlington, Virginia Industrial Research Institute in 1968 to fill in a perceived gap in the arena of technological research and development (R&D). The Committee oversees working groups which examine current research on a particular topic, to identify best practices for effective management of R&D. The working groups, under loose supervision by the Committee, meet several times a year, usually at IRI-sponsored events,. Their findings are typically published in IRI’s bimonthly journal, Research-Technology Management (RTM). [1]
IRI’s ROR meetings provide a forum for practitioners of R&D management and technological innovation to share best practices, current undertakings, and planning at their respective organizations in relation to innovation management.
IRI’s Board of Directors formed an ROR Subcommittee in 1968, following an unsuccessful effort to convince the National Science Foundation (NSF) to establish research-on-research centers at U.S. universities. The subcommittee concluded that the field was important enough that the idea should be developed even without NSF support [2] ). A standing committee was created in 1971 to carry out research about the process of research in industry.
The first Committee had six members, plus a representative from the IRI Board of Directors. Its first action was to appoint five project subcommittees to address selected topics identified by a 1969 survey that were considered important to the IRI membership. Jason Salsbury, the first chair of the ROR Committee, explained “More than any other area, R&D is managed by policies and practices stemming from folklore rather than facts. Thus, the goal of the ROR Committee is to develop pertinent factual information on a variety of topics about the research process of interest to IRI members, working through its subcommittees.” [3]
The Committee now [ when? ] supports twelve to fifteen working groups, each focused on a particular area of concern . Each group brings together industry leaders in research, technology, and innovation to collaborate, share experiences, and research case studies to determine best practices in the group’s focus area. . [4]
The ROR Committee acts as a steering committee within IRI, providing guidance and oversight to the working groups, though the members are not necessarily a part of the working groups themselves. The Committee is composed of six or seven people from IRI member companies who meet with prospective co-chairs of the various working groups to draw up timelines, methodologies, and deliverables. [5] The leadership also checks to ensure continued progress on research topics. The purpose of the ROR Committee, as outlined by IRI, is to: [6]
The ROR working groups are voluntary and temporary, with individuals working on a defined problem for a predetermined time, and then disbandingn. The purpose of the ROR working groups, according to IRI, is to: [7]
Innovation is the practical implementation of ideas that result in the introduction of new goods or services or improvement in offering goods or services. ISO TC 279 in the standard ISO 56000:2020 defines innovation as "a new or changed entity realizing or redistributing value". Others have different definitions; a common element in the definitions is a focus on newness, improvement, and spread of ideas or technologies.
A contingency theory is an organizational theory that claims that there is no best way to organize a corporation, to lead a company, or to make decisions. Instead, the optimal course of action is contingent (dependent) upon the internal and external situation. Contingent leaders are flexible in choosing and adapting to succinct strategies to suit change in situation at a particular period in time in the running of the organization.
User innovation refers to innovation by intermediate users or consumer users, rather than by suppliers. This is a concept closely aligned to co-design and co-creation, and has been proven to result in more innovative solutions than traditional consultation methodologies.
Calestous Juma is a Kenyan scientist and academia, specializing in sustainable development. He was named one of the most influential 100 Africans in 2012, 2013 and 2014 by the New African magazine. He was Professor of the Practice of International Development and Faculty Chair of the Innovation for Economic Development Executive Program at Harvard Kennedy School. Juma was Director of the School's Science, Technology and Globalization Project at Harvard Kennedy School as well as the Agricultural Innovation in Africa Project funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. His last book, Innovation and Its Enemies: Why People Resist New Technologies. was published by Oxford University Press in 2016.
Richard N. Foster, Managing Partner, Millbrook Management Group LLC – Foster was a Director and Senior Partner with McKinsey & Company where he was responsible for serving clients in the U.S., Europe and Asia focusing on industry sectors including chemicals, electronics, healthcare, retail and consumer goods industries.
Uma Chowdhry is an American chemist whose career has been spent in research and management positions with E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company. She has specialized in the science of ceramic materials, including catalysts, proton conductors, superconductors and ceramic packaging for microelectronics.
Daniele Archibugi is an Italian economic and political theorist. He works on the economics and policy of innovation and technological change, on the political theory of international relations and on political and technological globalisation.
Luke Georghiou is Deputy President and Deputy Vice-Chancellor at the University of Manchester. He is also professor of science and technology policy and management at the Manchester Institute of Innovation Research at Manchester Business School.
Innovation management is a combination of the management of innovation processes, and change management. It refers to product, business process, marketing and organizational innovation. Innovation management is the subject of ISO 56000 series standards being developed by ISO TC 279.
A technological revolution is a period in which one or more technologies is replaced by another, novel technology in a short amount of time. It is an era of accelerated technological progress characterized by new innovations whose rapid application and diffusion typically cause an abrupt change in society.
Innovation Intermediaries is a concept in innovation studies to help understand the role of firms, agencies and individuals that facilitate innovation by providing the bridging, brokering, knowledge transfer necessary to bring together the range of different organisations and knowledge needed to create successful innovation. The term open innovation intermediaries was used for this concept by Henry Chesbrough in his 2006 book as "companies that help other companies implement various facets of open innovation".
The science policy of the United States is the responsibility of many organizations throughout the federal government. Much of the large-scale policy is made through the legislative budget process of enacting the yearly federal budget, although there are other legislative issues that directly involve science, such as energy policy, climate change, and stem cell research. Further decisions are made by the various federal agencies which spend the funds allocated by Congress, either on in-house research or by granting funds to outside organizations and researchers.
Innovation Research Interchange (IRI) is a nonprofit association based in Arlington, Virginia, United States. Founded in 1938, we lead and advance the field of innovation management by creating contemporary practices. Some of the world’s most widely adopted models – such as “open innovation,” “front end of innovation,” and “stage-gate” – were born from the work of our members. We value strength in cooperation and partner with other organizations at the forefront of developments in innovation management, creating a hub for all to convene and contribute in an experimental, noncompetitive, and noncommercial environment. IRI is a nonpartisan, membership-based organization that brings leaders of R&D together to discover and share best practices in the management of technological innovation.
The IRI Achievement Award, established by the Industrial Research Institute (IRI) in 1973, is awarded "to honor outstanding accomplishment in individual creativity and innovation that contributes broadly to the development of industry and to the benefit of society." The recipient is first nominated by an IRI member organization for his or her invention, innovation, or process improvement, and then voted on by a nine-member Awards Committee, led by the immediate past-chairman of IRI's Board of Directors.
The IRI Medal, established by the Industrial Research Institute (IRI) in 1946, recognizes and honors leaders of technology for their outstanding accomplishments in technological innovation which contribute broadly to the development of industry and to the benefit of society. One side of the medal depicts a scientist peering into a microscope as a symbol of the never-ending quest for innovation; a pegasus running in the background as a symbol of imagination; and clouds issuing from a retort revealing the practical results of humanity's ability to harness natural forces to meet its needs. The reverse side of the medal is an adaptation of the official seal of the Institute. This award is traditionally presented each spring at the IRI Annual Meeting alongside the IRI Achievement Award.
Research-Technology Management (RTM) is a journal published by the Industrial Research Institute (IRI). It publishes peer-reviewed, research-based articles and personal perspective pieces written by and for R&D practitioners. Published bimonthly, the journal is offered both in print and electronically to subscribers interested in the management of innovation.
The Networking and Information Technology Research and Development (NITRD) program consists of a group of U.S. federal agencies to research and develop information technology (IT) capabilities to empower Federal missions; support U.S. science, engineering, and technology leadership; and bolster U.S. economic competitiveness.
The Fourth Industrial Revolution, 4IR, or Industry 4.0, conceptualizes rapid change to technology, industries, and societal patterns and processes in the 21st century due to increasing interconnectivity and smart automation. Coined popularly by the World Economic Forum Founder and Executive Chairman, Klaus Schwab, it asserts that the changes seen are more than just improvements to efficiency, but express a significant shift in industrial capitalism.
Robert W. Cairns was an American chemist who worked at Hercules and at the U.S. Department of Commerce. He contributed to World War II technological advances in explosives.
Edwin Liu is the current president of Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI). He was previously the Senior Vice President of Smart Grid & Grid Management at Nexant, Inc. He also held various technical and management positions at Quanta Technology, Bechtel, PG&E, Siemens, and Control Data Corporation (CDC). Edwin Liu is an IEEE Fellow and once served as Chairman of its Computer and Analytical Methods Subcommittee.