Richard McLaren | |
---|---|
Born | Richard Henry McLaren 1945 |
Occupation(s) | lawyer, professor |
Known for | McLaren Report |
Academic background | |
Alma mater | University of Western Ontario University of London |
Academic work | |
Discipline | Sports law,bankruptcy,insolvency and business law |
Institutions | University of Western Ontario |
Richard Henry McLaren OC (born 1945) is a law professor at Western University in Ontario,Canada,specializing in sports law. [1] In 2015,he was one of the three members of the WADA Commission,an independent panel commissioned by the World Anti-Doping Agency to investigate allegations of state-sponsored doping in Russian sports. [2] [3] He was awarded the Order of Canada with the grade of officer in 2015. [4]
From 1964-1968,McLaren attended Huron University College at the University of Western Ontario for his undergraduate education. During this time he lived at O'Neil Residence. At 1968 he graduated with an Honors Business Administration degree. [5] After that he earned LL.B. from the law school of the same university. [6] and received a Master of Laws degree from the University of London. He was called to the Bar in Ontario in 1974. [7]
In 1979 McLaren,then a professor at the University of Western Ontario Law School,directed a project which studied privacy and security issues involved in the new (at the time) electronic transfer of funds. [8]
McLaren is a member of the international Court of Arbitration for Sport. [9] In 2000 he investigated coverup of steroid use by American track athletes at the Olympics in Sydney, [10] and published a report. [11]
In 2007 McLaren participated in an investigation into drug use in Major League Baseball. [10] [12]
In 2014,McLaren founded McLaren Global Sport Solutions,which consults with sport organizations about ethical issues. [10]
In 2020,McLaren was appointed as the Integrity Officer to FIBA. [13]
In July 2016, McLaren presented the report of the WADA Commission in Toronto, Ontario, indicating systematic state-sponsored subversion of the drug testing processes by the government of Russia before, during, and subsequent to the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics. [14] McLaren stated that the report was not intended to determine individual guilt but rather "whether there was a system in Sochi and also in the Moscow lab, and if there was, how did it operate?" [15]
On 9 December 2016, McLaren published the second part of his independent report. [16] [17] The investigation found that from 2011 to 2015, more than 1,000 Russian competitors in various sports (including summer, winter, and Paralympic sports) benefited from the cover-up. [18] [19] [20]
In June 2020, McLaren released his report on the International Weightlifting Federation in which he claimed that the Federation's President, Tamás Aján, was corrupt. The report laid out details of vote buying and bribes by Aján and other IWF officials as well as doping tests that were covered up and over $10 million of missing money. The report led to Aján being charged with complicity by the International Testing Agency as well as other high ranking weightlifting officials Nicu Vlad and Hasan Akkus. [21] [22]
In September 2021, McLaren released his report on the International Boxing Association. His report found that at least 11 fights at the boxing tournament at the 2016 Olympics has suspicious outcomes and were possibly rigged and that the then-president Wu Ching-Kuo and executive director Karim Bouzidi were ultimately responsible. The report also claimed that a 'six figure' bribe was offered to fix one of the bouts and that the French boxing team had favouritism during the tournament due to Bouzidi being French. [23]
The World Anti-Doping Agency is a foundation initiated by the International Olympic Committee based in Canada to promote, coordinate, and monitor the fight against drugs in sports. The agency's key activities include scientific research, education, development of anti-doping capacities, and monitoring of the World Anti-Doping Code, whose provisions are enforced by the UNESCO International Convention Against Doping in Sport. The aims of the Council of Europe Anti-Doping Convention and the United States Anti-Doping Agency are also closely aligned with those of WADA.
The Court of Arbitration for Sport is an international body established in 1984 to settle disputes related to sport through arbitration. Its headquarters are in Lausanne, Switzerland and its courts are located in New York City, Sydney, and Lausanne. Temporary courts are established in current Olympic host cities.
The International Weightlifting Federation (IWF), headquartered in Lausanne, Switzerland, is the international governing body for the sport of Weightlifting. It has 193 affiliated national federations, and its president since June 2022 is Mohammed Hasan Jalood of Iraq.
Competitors at the Olympic Games have used banned athletic performance-enhancing drugs.
The 14th IAAF World Championships in Athletics was an international athletics competition held in Moscow, Russia, from 10 to 18 August 2013. Initially, Russia won the most gold medals to top the table for the first time since 2001. It was also the first time ever the host nation took the top of the medal table. However, following the disqualification of Russian sprinter Antonina Krivoshapka for doping and after the redistribution of medals in the Women's 4 × 400 metres relay, the United States moved to the top of the medal table with eight golds. In the overall medal count, the United States won 26 medals in total, followed by Kenya with 12. With 1,784 athletes from 203 countries it was the biggest single sports event of the year. The number of spectators for the evening sessions was 268,548 surpassing Daegu 2011.
Tamás Aján was the President of the International Weightlifting Federation from 2000 to 2020 and was a member of the International Olympic Committee until 2010.
Richard William Duncan Pound, better known as Dick Pound, is a Canadian swimming champion, lawyer, and spokesman for ethics in sport. He was the first president of the World Anti-Doping Agency and vice-president of the International Olympic Committee. He is currently the longest-serving member of the IOC.
The Russian Federation competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom, from 27 July to 12 August 2012. This was the nation's fifth consecutive appearance at the Summer Olympics as an independent nation. The Russian Olympic Committee sent a total of 436 athletes to the Games, 208 men and 228 women, to compete in 24 sports. For the first time in its Olympic history, Russia was represented by more female than male athletes.
Roxana Cocoș is a Romanian weightlifter.
Russia competed as the host nation at the 2014 Winter Paralympics in Sochi, held between 7–16 March 2014. Russia's 80 medals count is the highest medals ever recorded. The previous record was held by Austria with 70 medals in 1984.
The Russian Federation competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August 2016. This was Russia's sixth consecutive appearance at the Summer Olympics as an independent nation.
The Russian Anti-Doping Agency, established in January 2008, is the Russian National Anti-Doping Organisation (NADO), affiliated with the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA).
Hajo Seppelt is a German journalist and author.
Russia was originally scheduled to compete during the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in what would have been its sixth consecutive appearance at the Summer Paralympics as an independent nation. Russia had qualified athletes in ten sports.
Grigory Mikhailovich Rodchenkov is the former head of Russia's national anti-doping laboratory, the Anti-Doping Center. Rodchenkov is known for his involvement in the state-run doping program in Russia.
Olympic Athletes from Russia (OAR) was the International Olympic Committee's (IOC) designation of select Russian athletes permitted to participate in the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea. The designation was instigated following the suspension of the Russian Olympic Committee after the Russian doping scandal. This was the second time that Russian athletes had participated under the neutral Olympic flag, the first being in the Unified Team of 1992.
The McLaren Report is the name given to an independent report released in two parts by professor Richard McLaren into allegations and evidence of state-sponsored doping in Russia. It was commissioned by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) in May 2016. In July 2016, McLaren presented Part 1 of the report, indicating systematic state-sponsored subversion of the drug testing processes by the government of Russia during and subsequent to the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia. In December 2016, he published the second part of the report on doping in Russia.
The Authorised Neutral Athletes are Russian athletes who are permitted to compete in the 2017 World Championships in Athletics by special permission, despite the IAAF's suspension of the Russian Athletic Federation. In order to compete, Russian athletes must demonstrate that they were not involved in the doping scandal that precipitated Russia's suspension from international athletics.
The Oswald Commission was a disciplinary commission of the International Olympic Committee ("IOC"), chaired by IOC member Denis Oswald. It was responsible for investigating and ruling on doping violations by individual Russian athletes at the 2014 Winter Olympic Games in Sochi.
Systematic doping of Russian athletes has resulted in 48 Olympic medals stripped from Russia, four times the number of the next highest, and more than 30% of the global total. Russia has the most competitors who have been caught doping at the Olympic Games in the world, with more than 150.