Richard P. Leary

Richard Phillips Leary
Richard Phillips Leary
	Late 1800s illustration of Leary
Born	November 3, 1842; Baltimore, Maryland
Died	December 27, 1901 (aged 59); Chelsea, Massachusetts
Allegiance	United States
Service/branch	United States Navy
Years of service	1860–1901
Rank	Rear Admiral
Commands held	USS Adams ; USS San Francisco ; Naval Governor of Guam
Battles/wars	American Civil War ; Spanish–American War

Last updated February 18, 2019

Richard Phillips Leary (3 November 1842 – 27 December 1901) was an admiral in the United States Navy who served from the American Civil War through the Spanish–American War.

Admiral is one of the highest ranks in some navies, and in many navies is the highest rank. It is usually abbreviated to "Adm" or "ADM". The rank is generally thought to have originated in Sicily from a conflation of Arabic: أمير البحر‎, amīr al-baḥr, "commander of the sea", with Latin admirabilis ("admirable") or admiratus ("admired"), although alternative etymologies derive the word directly from Latin, or from the Turkish military and naval rank miralay. The French version – amiral without the additional d – tends to add evidence for the Arab origin.

United States Navy Naval warfare branch of the United States Armed Forces

The United States Navy (USN) is the naval warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the seven uniformed services of the United States. It is the largest and most capable navy in the world, with the highest combined battle fleet tonnage and the world's largest aircraft carrier fleet, with eleven in service, and two new carriers under construction. With 319,421 personnel on active duty and 99,616 in the Ready Reserve, the Navy is the third largest of the service branches. It has 282 deployable combat vessels and more than 3,700 operational aircraft as of March 2018, making it the second largest and second most powerful air force in the world.

American Civil War Civil war in the United States from 1861 to 1865

The American Civil War was a war fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865, between the North and the South. The Civil War is the most studied and written about episode in U.S. history. Primarily as a result of the long-standing controversy over the enslavement of black people, war broke out in April 1861 when secessionist forces attacked Fort Sumter in South Carolina shortly after Abraham Lincoln had been inaugurated as the President of the United States. The loyalists of the Union in the North proclaimed support for the Constitution. They faced secessionists of the Confederate States in the South, who advocated for states' rights to uphold slavery.

Biography

Leary was born on 3 November 1842 in Baltimore, Maryland. He entered the United States Naval Academy in 1860. During the Civil War, he served in screw sloop Canandaigua and the monitor Sangamon assigned to the Atlantic blockade.

Baltimore is an independent city in the state of Maryland within the United States. Baltimore was established by the Constitution of Maryland as an independent city in 1729. With a population of 611,648 in 2017, Baltimore is the largest such independent city in the United States. As of 2017, the population of the Baltimore metropolitan area was estimated to be just under 2.808 million, making it the 20th largest metropolitan area in the country. Baltimore is located about 40 miles (60 km) northeast of Washington, D.C., making it a principal city in the Washington-Baltimore combined statistical area (CSA), the fourth-largest CSA in the nation, with a calculated 2017 population of 9,764,315.

Maryland is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, bordering Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware to its east. The state's largest city is Baltimore, and its capital is Annapolis. Among its occasional nicknames are Old Line State, the Free State, and the Chesapeake Bay State. It is named after the English queen Henrietta Maria, known in England as Queen Mary.

The United States Naval Academy is a four-year coeducational federal service academy adjacent to Annapolis, Maryland. Established on 10 October 1845, under Secretary of the Navy George Bancroft, it is the second oldest of the United States' five service academies, and educates officers for commissioning primarily into the United States Navy and United States Marine Corps. The 338-acre (137 ha) campus is located on the former grounds of Fort Severn at the confluence of the Severn River and Chesapeake Bay in Anne Arundel County, 33 miles (53 km) east of Washington, D.C. and 26 miles (42 km) southeast of Baltimore. The entire campus is a National Historic Landmark and home to many historic sites, buildings, and monuments. It replaced Philadelphia Naval Asylum, in Philadelphia, that served as the first United States Naval Academy from 1838 to 1845 when the Naval Academy formed in Annapolis.

During tension with Germany over Samoa, Leary commanded Adams at Samoa from October to December 1888. In the Spanish–American War, he commanded San Francisco (C-5) off Havana, Cuba. From 1899 into 1900, Captain Leary served as Naval Governor of Guam. Retiring in 1901, Rear Admiral Leary died 27 December at Chelsea, Massachusetts.

The Samoan Crisis was a standoff between the United States, Imperial Germany, and the United Kingdom from 1887–1889 over control of the Samoan Islands during the Samoan Civil War. The incident involved three United States Navy warships and three Imperial German Navy warships, keeping each other at bay over several months in Apia harbour, which was monitored by the British corvette HMS Calliope.

USS Adams was a screw gunboat and the lead ship of the Adams class.

The first USS San Francisco (C-5) was a steel protected cruiser in the United States Navy. She was later named Tahoe and then Yosemite, becoming the third US Navy ship to bear the name Yosemite. She generally resembled her predecessor Newark, with a main armament of twelve 6-inch guns.

Namesake

In 1943, the destroyer USS Richard P. Leary (DD-664) was named in his honor.

In naval terminology, a destroyer is a fast, maneuverable long-endurance warship intended to escort larger vessels in a fleet, convoy or battle group and defend them against smaller powerful short-range attackers. They were originally developed in the late 19th century by Fernando Villaamil for the Spanish Navy as a defense against torpedo boats, and by the time of the Russo-Japanese War in 1904, these "torpedo boat destroyers" (TBDs) were "large, swift, and powerfully armed torpedo boats designed to destroy other torpedo boats". Although the term "destroyer" had been used interchangeably with "TBD" and "torpedo boat destroyer" by navies since 1892, the term "torpedo boat destroyer" had been generally shortened to simply "destroyer" by nearly all navies by the First World War.

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References

This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships .The entry can be found here.

The public domain consists of all the creative works to which no exclusive intellectual property rights apply. Those rights may have expired, been forfeited, expressly waived, or may be inapplicable.

<i>Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships</i> book

The Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships (DANFS) is the official reference work for the basic facts about ships used by the United States Navy.

External links

Richard P. Leary Papers, 1860–1905 MS 404 held by Special Collections & Archives, Nimitz Library at the United States Naval Academy

Military offices
Preceded by Louis A. Kaiser	Naval Governor of Guam 1899–1900	Succeeded by Seaton Schroeder Acting

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v t e Governors of Guam
Commissioner (1898–99)	Glass Martínez Sisto Roberto Sisto Taussig Pérez Coe Kaiser
Naval (1899–1941)	Leary Safford Schroeder Swift Schroeder Sewell Schofield Stone Dyer McNamee Potts McNamee Dorn Freyer Salisbury Coontz Hinds Maxwell Cronan Simpson Smith Gilmer Hodgman Gilmer Wettengel Spore Althouse Miller Althouse Price Brown Shapley Bradley Root G. Alexander McCandlish J. Alexander McMillin
Military (1944–49)	Geiger Larsen Pownall
Civilian (1949–69)	Skinner Elvidge Corbett Lowe Boss Flores Daniel Guerrero C. Camacho
Elected (since 1969)	C. Camacho Bordallo P. M. Calvo Bordallo Ada Gutierrez F. P. Camacho E. B. Calvo

Richard Phillips Leary
Late 1800s illustration of Leary
Born	(1842-11-03)November 3, 1842 Baltimore, Maryland
Died	December 27, 1901(1901-12-27) (aged 59) Chelsea, Massachusetts
Allegiance	United States
Service/branch	United States Navy
Years of service	1860–1901
Rank	Rear Admiral
Commands held	USS Adams USS San Francisco Naval Governor of Guam
Battles/wars	American Civil War Spanish–American War