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Roger N. Beachy | |
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Born | Plain City, Ohio, United States [1] |
Alma mater | Goshen College, Michigan State University |
Known for | Developing the first genetically engineered food crop, a virus resistant tomato. |
Spouse | Teresa S. Brown Beachy [2] |
Awards | Wolf Prize in Agriculture, AAAS Fellow |
Scientific career | |
Institutions | Washington University in St. Louis, Scripps Research Institute, Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, USDA |
Thesis | "Studies on tobacco mosaic virus using hypersensitive tobacco tissue cultures" (1973) |
Roger N. Beachy is an American biologist and member of the National Academy of Sciences who studies plant virology. He was the founding president of the Donald Danforth Plant Science Center in St. Louis, Missouri, and the first director of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture.
Roger N. Beachy was born in 1944 in Plain City, Ohio. His farther was a mennonite minister who left school in the 8th grade. [3] [4] He became interested in plant biology as a high school student at Bethany Christian Schools in Goshen, Indiana. In 1966 he completed his BA from Goshen College in Goshen, Indiana. [3] He then pursued a Ph.D. in plant pathology from Michigan State University graduating in 1973. After defending his dissertation, Beachy began a postdoc in the lab of Milton Zaitlin at the University of Arizona but he was only there for nine months when Prof. Zaitlin moved the entire research group to Cornell University, where Beachy remained for another four years. [3]
He is a second cousin of Stanford biologist Philip A. Beachy and historian Robert M. Beachy, and is also a relative of author Stephen Beachy.[ citation needed ]
In 1978 Beachy was hired as an assistant professor in the Biology Department of Washington University in St. Louis. He remained at Washington University, being promoted to associate and then full professor and becoming the head of the Center for Plant Science and Biotechnology, until 1991. [5] From 1991 to 1998 he was the head of the Plant Biology division of Scripps Research Institute. In 1999 he was recruited to be the inaugural president of the Donald Danforth Plant Science Center in St. Louis, MO as well as resuming his appointment was Washington University. He left the Danforth Center in 2009 when he was appointed as the director of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture by President Obama, a role he served in until 2011. [1] He also served on the Life Sciences jury for the Infosys Prize in 2009. From 2014-2020 he was a member of the National Science Board. [6]
Beachy is an expert in plant virology and biotechnology of plants. He established principles for the genetic engineering of plants, that make them resistant to viral diseases.
His research at Washington University in St. Louis, in collaboration with Monsanto Company, led to the development of the world’s first genetically modified food crop, a variety of tomato that was modified for resistance to virus disease. He demonstrated pathogen-derived resistance in plants and produced the first disease-resistant transgenic plant. He also showed that by transferring and expressing the coat protein gene of a virus in plants (coat protein-mediated resistance - CP-MR), these transgenic plants become resistant to viral infection. His discovery of the CP-MR led to the development of virus-resistant varieties of potato, tomato, pepper, cucumber, squash, sugar beets, papaya and plum.
A genetically modified organism (GMO) is any organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques. The exact definition of a genetically modified organism and what constitutes genetic engineering varies, with the most common being an organism altered in a way that "does not occur naturally by mating and/or natural recombination". A wide variety of organisms have been genetically modified (GM), including animals, plants, and microorganisms.
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The Donald Danforth Plant Science Center is an independent, not-for-profit research institute dedicated to plant science located in the Creve Coeur community of Saint Louis County, Missouri, United States. It was founded in 1998 by William Henry Danforth, chancellor emeritus of Washington University in St. Louis and named after his father, and established through a $60 million gift from the Danforth Foundation, a $50 million gift from the Monsanto Fund, the donation of 40 acres of land from Monsanto, and $25 million in tax credits from the State of Missouri.
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