Rondebosch (House of Assembly of South Africa constituency)

Rondebosch
Former constituency for the South African House of Assembly
Location of Rondebosch within Cape Town (1924)
Province	Cape of Good Hope
Electorate	14,275 (1977)
Former constituency
Created	1915
Abolished	1981
Number of members	1
Last MHA	Frederik van Zyl Slabbert (PFP)
Created from	Liesbeek
Replaced by	Western Cape

Rondebosch was a constituency in the Cape Province of South Africa, which existed from 1915 to 1929 and again from 1933 to 1981. It covered parts of Cape Town's southern suburbs, centred on its namesake suburb of Rondebosch. Throughout its existence it elected one member to the House of Assembly and one to the Cape Provincial Council.

Franchise notes

When the Union of South Africa was formed in 1910, the electoral qualifications in use in each pre-existing colony were kept in place. The Cape Colony had implemented a "colour-blind" franchise known as the Cape Qualified Franchise, which included all adult literate men owning more than £75 worth of property (controversially raised from £25 in 1892), and this initially remained in effect after the colony became the Cape Province. As of 1908, 22,784 out of 152,221 electors in the Cape Colony were "Native or Coloured". Eligibility to serve in Parliament and the Provincial Council, however, was restricted to whites from 1910 onward.

The first challenge to the Cape Qualified Franchise came with the Women's Enfranchisement Act, 1930 and the Franchise Laws Amendment Act, 1931, which extended the vote to women and removed property qualifications for the white population only – non-white voters remained subject to the earlier restrictions. In 1936, the Representation of Natives Act removed all black voters from the common electoral roll and introduced three "Native Representative Members", white MPs elected by the black voters of the province and meant to represent their interests in particular. A similar provision was made for Coloured voters with the Separate Representation of Voters Act, 1951, and although this law was challenged by the courts, it went into effect in time for the 1958 general election, which was thus held with all-white voter rolls for the first time in South African history. The all-white franchise would continue until the end of apartheid and the introduction of universal suffrage in 1994. ^[1]

History

Rondebosch was first created in 1915, out of what had been the urban parts of the Liesbeek constituency. Throughout its existence, it was located entirely within the southern suburbs of Cape Town, and like the rest of that region, its electorate was largely English-speaking, affluent and liberal. Its first MP, Ralph William Close, was elected as a member of the Unionist Party, and joined the South African Party (SAP) when the Unionists merged with them in 1921. He represented Rondebosch throughout the seat's first period of existence, and on its abolition in 1929 moved to the new seat of Mowbray.

Rondebosch was recreated just four years later, however, and once again contained a similar area with similar political leanings. It elected United Party MPs for much of its existence, usually unopposed or by wide margins, and its last MP for the area was De Villiers Graaff, leader of the UP, who had been defeated in Hottentots-Holland in the 1958 election and moved to the much safer seat of Rondebosch in 1961. When the new constituency of Groote Schuur was created in 1974, Graaff moved there, and the open seat in Rondebosch was won by the Progressive Party’s Frederik van Zyl Slabbert, who was the sitting Leader of the Opposition when his seat was abolished in 1981. Rondebosch was largely replaced by the recreated Claremont seat, which Slabbert stood for and won unopposed in the 1981 election.

Members

Election		Member	Party
	1915	Ralph William Close	Unionist
	1920
	1921		South African
	1924
	1929	constituency abolished

Election		Member	Party
	1933	J. Chalmers	South African
	1934		United
	1938	A. M. Moll
	1943
	1948	R. D. Pilkington-Jordan
	1953
	1958
	1961	De Villiers Graaff
	1966
	1970
	1974	Frederik van Zyl Slabbert	Progressive
	1977		PFP
	1981	constituency abolished

^{[2] [3] [4]}

Detailed results

Elections in the 1910s

General election 1915: Rondebosch ^[2]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Unionist	R. W. Close	1,286	57.9	New
	Independent	A. Palmer	895	40.3	New
	Labour	I. Carver	41	1.8	New
Majority			391	17.6	N/A
Turnout			2,222	61.2	N/A
	Unionist win (new seat)

Elections in the 1920s

General election 1920: Rondebosch ^[2]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Unionist	R. W. Close	1,241	65.0	−18.3
	Labour	J. Seddon	668	35.0	+18.3
Majority			573	30.0	N/A
Turnout			1,909	46.6	−14.6
	Unionist hold		Swing	N/A

General election 1921: Rondebosch ^[2]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	South African	R. W. Close	1,637	79.1	+14.1
	Labour	J. Seddon	433	20.9	−14.1
Majority			1,204	58.2	+28.2
Turnout			2,070	50.0	+3.4
	South African hold		Swing	+14.1

General election 1924: Rondebosch ^[2]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	South African	R. W. Close	1,610	58.6	−20.5
	Labour	J. Lomax	1,138	41.4	+20.5
Majority			472	17.2	−41.0
Turnout			2,748	75.7	+25.7
	South African hold		Swing	-20.5

Elections in the 1930s

General election 1933: Rondebosch ^[2]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	South African	J. Chalmers	Unopposed
	South African hold

References

1. "EISA South Africa: Historical franchise arrangements". Eisa.org.za. Archived from the original on 9 May 2013. Retrieved 6 July 2012.
2. Schoeman, B.M. (1977). Parlementêre verkiesings in Suid-Afrika 1910-1976. Pretoria: Aktuele Publikasies.
3. South Africa 1980/81: Official Yearbook of the Republic of South Africa. Johannesburg: Chris van Rensburg Publications.
4. South Africa 1983: Official Yearbook of the Republic of South Africa. Johannesburg: Chris van Rensburg Publications.