Silvio Berlusconi was an Italian media tycoon and politician who served as the prime minister of Italy in four governments from 1994 to 1995,2001 to 2006 and 2008 to 2011. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies from 1994 to 2013;a member of the Senate of the Republic from 2022 until his death in 2023,and previously from March to November 2013;and a member of the European Parliament (MEP) from 2019 to 2022,and previously from 1999 to 2001. With a net worth of US$6.8 billion in June 2023,Berlusconi was the third-wealthiest person in Italy at the time of his death.
Forza Italia was a centre-right liberal-conservative political party in Italy,with Christian democratic,liberal,social democratic and populist tendencies. It was founded by Silvio Berlusconi,who served as Prime Minister of Italy four times.
The Union of the Centre,whose complete name is "Union of Christian and Centre Democrats",is a Christian-democratic political party in Italy.
Enrico Letta is an Italian politician who served as Prime Minister of Italy from April 2013 to February 2014,leading a grand coalition of centre-left and centre-right parties. He was the leader of the Democratic Party (PD) from March 2021 to March 2023. He is currently the Dean of IE University’s School of Politics,Economics and Global Affairs in Madrid,Spain.
Angelino Alfano is an Italian former politician who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 12 December 2016 to 1 June 2018.
The People of Freedom was a centre-right political party in Italy. The PdL launched by Silvio Berlusconi as an electoral list,including Forza Italia and National Alliance,on 27 February for the 2008 Italian general election. The list was later transformed into a party during a party congress on 27–29 March 2009. The party's leading members included Angelino Alfano,Renato Schifani,Renato Brunetta,Roberto Formigoni,Maurizio Sacconi,Maurizio Gasparri,Mariastella Gelmini,Antonio Martino,Giancarlo Galan,Maurizio Lupi,Gaetano Quagliariello,Daniela Santanchè,Sandro Bondi,and Raffaele Fitto.
The Liberal Populars were a short-lived Christian-democratic political party in Italy (2008–2009),which currently functions as an internal faction of Identity and Action (IdeA).
Renato Maria Giuseppe Schifani is an Italian politician who has served as the president of Sicily since 13 October 2022. Schifani was Silvio Berlusconi's chief whip and was a prominent member of the Senate of the Republic from 1996 to 2022. From 29 April 2008 to 14 March 2013,he was the president of the Senate of the Republic.
The political career of Silvio Berlusconi (1994–2011) began in 1994,when Berlusconi entered politics for the first time serving intermittent terms as Prime Minister of Italy from 1994 to 1995,2001 to 2006 and 2008 to 2011,his career was racked with controversies and trials;amongst these was his failure to honour his promise to sell his personal assets in Mediaset,the largest television broadcaster network in Italy,in order to dispel any perceived conflicts of interest.
Denis Verdini is an Italian politician and banker.
The Christopher Columbus Foundation,whose complete name is Christopher Columbus Foundation for Freedoms was an organization and think tank connected to The People of Freedom (PdL),a political party in Italy. Its leader is Christian democrat Claudio Scajola.
Civic Choice was a centrist and liberal political party in Italy founded by Mario Monti. The party was formed in the run-up of the 2013 general election to support the outgoing Prime Minister Monti and continue his political agenda. In the election SC was part of a centrist coalition named With Monti for Italy,along with Union of the Centre of Pier Ferdinando Casini and Future and Freedom of Gianfranco Fini.
Beatrice Lorenzin is an Italian politician belonging to the Democratic Party,former leader of Popular Alternative,and former Minister of Health from 28 April 2013 to 1 June 2018,in the governments of Enrico Letta,Matteo Renzi and Paolo Gentiloni. In 2018 she became one of the longest-serving health minister in the history of the Italian Republic.
Forza Italia is a centre-right political party in Italy,whose ideology includes elements of liberal conservatism,Christian democracy,liberalism and populism. FI is a member of the European People's Party. Silvio Berlusconi was the party's leader and president until his death in 2023. The party has since been led by Antonio Tajani,who had been vice president and coordinator and now functions as secretary. Other leading members include Elisabetta Casellati.
Mariarosaria Rossi is an Italian politician.
New Centre-Right was a centre-right political party in Italy. The party was launched on 15 November 2013 by a group of dissidents of The People of Freedom (PdL) who opposed the party's reformation as Forza Italia (FI),which would take place the following day. The NCD leader was Angelino Alfano,who had been Silvio Berlusconi's protégéand national secretary of the PdL from 2011 to 2013.
The Liberal Popular Alliance,whose full name was Liberal Popular Alliance –Autonomies,was a centrist and liberal political party in Italy. ALA members were known as Verdiniani,from the name of their leader Denis Verdini,who was formerly a long-time member and national coordinator of three successive centre-right parties led by Silvio Berlusconi until July 2015,when he broke with Berlusconi in order to support the government led by Matteo Renzi,leader of the centre-left Democratic Party.
Giovanni Toti is an Italian journalist and politician,who has been President of Liguria from 2015 to 2024. Toti was also elected to the European Parliament,following the 2014 European Parliament election.
Enrico Costa is an Italian politician and lawyer. His father,Raffaele Costa,was also a politician who was Italian Minister of Health in the first Amato government and the first Berlusconi government.
Popular Alternative is a Christian-democratic political party in Italy that was founded on 18 March 2017 after the dissolution of New Centre-Right (NCD),one of the two parties that emerged at the break-up of The People of Freedom. "Popular" is a reference to popolarismo,the Italian variety of Christian democracy. The party has been a member of the European People's Party (EPP) since its foundation,having inherited the membership of the NCD.
