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52 seats in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan 27 seats needed for a majority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The Saskatchewan general election of 1938 was the ninth provincial election held in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It was held on June 8, 1938, to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan.
The provinces and territories of Canada are the sub-national governments within the geographical areas of Canada under the authority of the Canadian Constitution. In the 1867 Canadian Confederation, three provinces of British North America—New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and the Province of Canada —were united to form a federated colony, becoming a sovereign nation in the next century. Over its history, Canada's international borders have changed several times, and the country has grown from the original four provinces to the current ten provinces and three territories. Together, the provinces and territories make up the world's second-largest country by area.
Saskatchewan is a prairie and boreal province in western Canada, the only province without natural borders. It has an area of 651,900 square kilometres (251,700 sq mi), nearly 10 percent of which is fresh water, composed mostly of rivers, reservoirs, and the province's 100,000 lakes.
The Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan is one of two components of the Legislature of Saskatchewan, the other being the Queen of Canada in Right of Saskatchewan,. The legislature has been unicameral since its establishment; there has never been a provincial upper house.
The Liberal Party was returned to power under its new leader, William John Patterson, but it lost twelve of the seats it had held in the previous legislature. The Liberals faced several new forces in this election.
William John Patterson was a Liberal politician and Premier of Saskatchewan, Canada. He was first elected to the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan in the 1921 election. He succeeded James G. Gardiner to become the province's first Saskatchewan-born premier in 1935.
The Co-operative Commonwealth Federation, a democratic socialist party led by George Hara Williams, became the official opposition winning over 18% of the vote and ten seats in its first election. The party previously had five seats after the Farmer-Labour Group became the Saskatchewan CCF, following the previous election.
Democratic socialism is a political philosophy that advocates political democracy alongside social ownership of the means of production with an emphasis on self-management and democratic management of economic institutions within a market or some form of decentralized planned socialist economy.
George Hara Williams was a Canadian farmer activist and politician. Born in Binscarth, Manitoba, Williams attended Manitoba Agricultural College after serving in World War I. Upon graduating, he moved to Saskatchewan to become director of livestock and equipment in the province for the Soldier Settlement Board.
The Social Credit Party of Saskatchewan, which promoted the social credit theories of monetary reform, rode a wave of popularity from the 1935 electoral success of its Alberta counterpart and collected almost 16% of the votes, but won only two seats.
The Social Credit Party of Saskatchewan was a political party in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan that promoted social credit economic theories from the mid-1930s to the mid-1970s.
Social credit is an interdisciplinary distributive philosophy developed by C. H. Douglas (1879–1952), a British engineer who published a book by that name in 1924. It encompasses economics, political science, history, and accounting. Its policies are designed, according to Douglas, to disperse economic and political power to individuals. Douglas wrote, "Systems were made for men, and not men for systems, and the interest of man which is self-development, is above all systems, whether theological, political or economic." Douglas said that Social Crediters want to build a new civilization based upon "absolute economic security" for the individual, where "they shall sit every man under his vine and under his fig tree; and none shall make them afraid." In his words, "what we really demand of existence is not that we shall be put into somebody else's Utopia, but we shall be put in a position to construct a Utopia of our own."
Monetary reform is any movement or theory that proposes a system of supplying money and financing the economy that is different from the current system.
Six "Unity" candidates also run in an attempt to create a popular front of the Communists, CCF supporters and various populists. Although two were elected, they received only a very small fraction of the overall vote. [1]
Unity, United Progressive Movement and United Reform were the names used in Canada, by a popular front party initiated by the Communist Party of Canada in the late 1930s.
A popular front is a broad coalition of different political groupings, usually made up of leftists and centrists. Being very broad, they can sometimes include centrist Radical, liberal or bourgeois forces as well as social-democratic and communist groups. Popular fronts are larger in scope than united fronts.
The Communist Party of Canada (Saskatchewan) was a communist political party in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It was the Saskatchewan section of the Communist Party of Canada. It nominated candidates for the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan in provincial elections between 1938 and 1986.
The Conservative Party, under its new leader, John Diefenbaker, continued its decline as their share of the popular vote fell from 25% to under 12%. The party won no seats. Diefenbaker later had considerably more success in the federal Conservative Party, eventually becoming leader and sweeping the party to power in the 1958 election with a huge majority.
John George Diefenbaker was the 13th prime minister of Canada, serving from June 21, 1957 to April 22, 1963. He was the only Progressive Conservative party leader after 1930 and before 1979 to lead the party to an election victory, doing so three times, although only once with a majority of seats in the House of Commons of Canada.
The Progressive Conservative Party of Canada (PC) was a federal political party in Canada.
Party | Seats | Second | Third | Fourth | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | 38 | 15 | 0 | 0 | |
Co-operative Commonwealth | 10 | 13 | 6 | 2 | |
Social Credit | 2 | 13 | 18 | 7 | |
Unity | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
Conservative | 0 | 9 | 9 | 6 | |
Other parties | 0 | 2 | 7 | 0 |
Party | Party leader | Candidates | Seats | Popular vote | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1934 | Dissol. | Elected | % Change | # | % | % Change | ||||
Liberal | William Patterson | 53 | 50 | 50 | 38 | -24% | 200,334 | 45.45% | -2.55% | |
Co-operative Commonwealth | George Williams | 31 | 5 | 5 | 10 | +100% | 82,529 | 18.73% | -5.26% | |
Social Credit | Joseph Needham (default) | 40 | * | – | 2 | * | 70,084 | 15.90% | * | |
Unity | 3 | – | – | 2 | +2000% | 9,848 | 2.24% | +2.00% | ||
Conservative | John Diefenbaker | 24 | – | – | – | – | 52,315 | 11.87% | -14.88% | |
Independent Labour | 3 | * | – | – | * | 12,039 | 2.73% | +2.40% | ||
Labour Progressive | 2 | * | – | – | * | 8,514 | 1.93% | * | ||
Independent | 2 | – | – | – | – | 4,023 | 0.91% | +0.22% | ||
Independent Conservative | 1 | * | – | – | * | 828 | 0.19% | * | ||
Independent Social Credit | 1 | * | – | – | * | 228 | 0.05% | * | ||
Total | 160 | 55 | 55 | 52 | -5.5% | 440,742 | 100% | |||
Source: Elections Saskatchewan |
Note:* Party did not nominate candidates in previous election.
Names in bold represent cabinet ministers and the Speaker. Party leaders are italicized. The symbol " ** " indicates MLAs who are not running again.
Electoral District | Candidates | Incumbent | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Co-operative Commonwealth Federation | Social Credit | Conservative | Other | ||||
Athabasca | Jules Marion 642 | William J. Windrum (Liberal) 628 | Deakin Alexander Hall | |||||
Cut Knife | John A. Gordon 2,379 | Andrew Macauley 1,766 | Bill Roseland 2,471 | Andrew James Macauley | ||||
Meadow Lake | Donald MacDonald 3,184 | Robert C. Paul 1,800 | Judson B. Clark 2,434 | Donald MacDonald | ||||
Redberry | Orest Zerebko 2,601 | Sheridan P. Porter 1,824 | Arnold Larsen (Ind.) 1,572 | New District | ||||
Rosthern | John Uhrich 3,267 | H. Henry Henschel 1,735 | Peter Peters (Ind. Social Credit) 228 | John Michael Uhrich | ||||
Shellbrook | Omer Demers 2,933 | Albert Mansfield 1,343 | Virden Gable 2,560 | Omer Demers | ||||
The Battlefords | John Gregory 3,119 | Lloyd A. Gardiner 1,287 | Albert J. Tatchell 2,085 | John Albert Gregory | ||||
Turtleford | Bill Kerr 2,925 | John Stegehuis 440 | James Proctor 2,759 | Walter A. Hicks 456 | Charles Arthur Ayre** |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Paul Prince | 3,289 | 61.76% | +13.71% | |
CCF | Max Campbell | 2,036 | 38.24% | +18.41% | |
Total | 5,325 | 100.00% |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Hubert Staines | Acclaimed | 100.00% | ||
Total | Acclamation |
Electoral District | Candidates | Incumbent | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Co-operative Commonwealth Federation | Social Credit | Conservative | ||||
Cumberland | Deakin A. Hall 548 | George W. Smith 57 | New District | ||||
Humboldt | Jim King 3,636 | Joe Burton 3,446 | John J. Lins 385 | James Chisholm King | |||
Kelvington | James Marshall 2,747 | Peter Howe 4,174 | George Ernest Dragan | ||||
Kinistino | John Taylor 2,866 | William J. Boyle 1,864 | William H. Setka 1,482 | Andrew Fraser 560 | John Richard Parish Taylor | ||
Melfort | John MacFarlane 2,657 | Oakland Woods Valleau 3,024 | Chrysostom J. Lewis 1,029 | Gilbert D. Eamer 1,604 | John Duncan MacFarlane | ||
Prince Albert | Thomas Davis 5,279 | John J.F. McIsaac 970 | George Bzowey 2,342 | Kennedy H. Palmer 2,227 | Thomas Clayton Davis | ||
Tisdale | Harvie Dorrance 3,421 | John Hewgill Brockelbank 4,202 | Robert M. Locker 1,115 | Garth F. Johnston 654 | Harvie James Dorrance | ||
Torch River | Jim Kiteley 1,992 | Harry Fenster 1,354 | Herve Prince 1,025 | Conrad B. Euler 366 | New District |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CCF | Joe Burton | 3,909 | 50.90% | +4.75% | |
Liberal | Charles Dunn | 3,771 | 49.10% | +0.41% | |
Total | 7,680 | 100.00% |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Harry Fraser | Acclaimed | 100.00% | ||
Total | Acclamation |
Electoral District | Candidates | Incumbent | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Co-operative Commonwealth Federation | Social Credit | Conservative | ||||
Arm River | Gustaf Herman Danielson 3,295 | John Diefenbaker 3,105 | Gustaf Herman Danielson | ||||
Biggar | Bob Hassard 3,196 | John Young 3,341 | Henry A. Gardner 841 | Robert Pelham Hassard | |||
Hanley | Charles Agar 2,774 | Frederick E. Roluf 1,599 | John A. Stewart 1,623 | Charles Agar | |||
Kerrobert-Kindersley | Donald Laing 3,298 | Frank Jaenicke 1,201 | Robert M. Goodwin 2,336 | Donald Laing Kerrobert | |||
Merged district | |||||||
Louis Henry Hantelman Kindersley | |||||||
Rosetown | Neil McVicar 2,449 | John T. Douglas 1,941 | William J. Loucks 1,415 | Andrew Wilson 951 | Neil McVicar | ||
Watrous | Frank S. Krenn 3,522 | John Waldbillig 2,181 | Charles A. Schmeiser 1,609 | Julius W. Stechishin 474 | Bert Clement** | ||
Wilkie | John C. Knowles 4,053 | Frank R. Beggs 2,797 | John Jardine** |
Electoral District | Candidates | Incumbent | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Co-operative Commonwealth Federation | Social Credit | Conservative | Other | ||||
Canora | George Dragan 3,259 | Myron Feeley 3,504 | New District | |||||
Last Mountain | Guy H. Hummel 3,168 | Jacob Benson 3,299 | William H. Schroder 902 | Alfred J. Dyer 1,121 | Guy Hartsel Hummel | |||
Melville | Charles Dunn 5,089 | John Herman 5,100 | E. Walt Gerrand** | |||||
Pelly | Reginald J.M. Parker 3,936 | Gertrude S. Telford 3,088 | Reginald John Marsden Parker | |||||
Saltcoats | Asmundur A. Loptson 3,114 | Joseph L. Phelps 3,409 | Alexander E. Sahlmark 1,003 | New District | ||||
Touchwood | John Parker 1,910 | Tom Johnston 2,301 | Hugh H. Lyle 1,268 | John Hnatyshyn 1,287 | John Mason Parker | |||
Wadena | Donald McCallum 3,085 | George Williams 4,871 | Harry W. Arnold 345 | George Hara Williams | ||||
Yorkton | Vincent Smith 3,274 | Alan Stewart (Unity) 4,955 | Vincent Reynolds Smith |
Electoral District | Candidates | Incumbent | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Co-operative Commonwealth Federation | Social Credit | Conservative | Other | ||||
Elrose | George B. Weiler 2,676 | Louis H. Hantelman 3,164 | Gilbert A.W. Gessel 1,014 | Henry T. Blackwell 360 | John Andrew Wilson** | |||
Gravelbourg | Edward Culliton 3,683 | Andrew J. Miller 2,202 | Edward Milton Culliton | |||||
Gull Lake | Harvey McMahon 3,901 | Henry Kemper 3,732 | Herman Henry Kemper | |||||
Maple Creek | John Mildenberger 4,058 | Oliver Reid 2,136 | A.J. Mercer (Unity) 1,562 | John Joseph Mildenberger | ||||
Morse | Benjamin T. Hyde 2,861 | Henry P. Thiessen 1,808 | William E. Armstrong 1,416 | Cliff B. Martin 478 | Neil John MacDonald** | |||
Notukeu-Willow Bunch | Charles W. Johnson 3,659 | John E. Lidgett 2,859 | George W.S. Eisnor 1,100 | George Spence** Notukeu | ||||
Merged district | ||||||||
Charles William Johnson Willow Bunch | ||||||||
Swift Current | Jim Taggart 4,953 | Clarence Stork 3,584 | Alfred C. Butterworth 1,097 | James Gordon Taggart |
Electoral District | Candidates | Incumbent | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Co-operative Commonwealth Federation | Social Credit | Conservative | Other | ||||
Bengough | James B. Smith 3,158 | Herman K. Warren (Unity) 3,331 | James Bidwell Smith | |||||
Cannington | William Patterson 4,473 | Gladys Strum 3,477 | William John Patterson | |||||
Lumsden | Robert S. Donaldson 2,596 | McDirmid Rankin 1,847 | Thomas Allan McInnis 624 | Claude H.J. Burrows 1,923 | Henry Phillip Mang** | |||
Milestone | William Pedersen 2,820 | Samuel Horton 630 | Samuel Norval Horner (Ind.) 2,451 | William Pedersen | ||||
Moosomin | Arthur Procter 4,198 | Joseph C. Richards 1,400 | Percy S. George 2,528 | Arthur Thomas Procter | ||||
Qu'Appelle-Wolseley | Frederick M. Dundas 4,871 | Joseph Thauberger 1,496 | Stanley W. Nichols 3,253 | Frederick Middleton Dundas | ||||
Souris-Estevan | Norman McLeod 4,383 | W. Glenroy Allen 3,467 | Ernest W. Hinkson 441 | Jesse Pichard Tripp** | ||||
Weyburn | George L. Crane 4,744 | Frederick C. Williams 4,167 | John C. Burnside (Ind. Conservative) 828 | Hugh Elliott Eaglesham** |
Electoral District | Candidates | Incumbent | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Co-operative Commonwealth Federation | Social Credit | Conservative | Other | ||||
Moose Jaw City | William Gladstone Ross 4,830 William George Baker | John Wesley Corman 2,689 William J. Passmore | John Alexander Merkley 2,137 Arthur W.E. Fawkes | William Gladstone Ross William George Baker | ||||
Saskatoon City | James Wilfred Estey 7,213 Robert Mitford Pinder | Jacob Klassen 4,339 John Harrison Hilton | James T.M. Anderson 5,006 Stephen N. MacEachern | Robert Hunter (Independent Labour) 4,813 | James Wilfred Estey | |||
Regina City | Percy McCuaig Anderson 12,749 Bamm David Hogarth | John Harold Crawford 966 | Hugh McGillivray 7,934 Frederick Bertram Bagshaw | Alban Cedric Ellison (Ind. Labour) 5,329 Samuel Barrington East (Lab. Prog.) 4,426 Thomas Gerald McManus (Lab. Prog.) 4,088 Alexander Duff Connon (Ind. Labour) 1,897 | Percy McCuaig Anderson William Franklin Kerr |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | (x) Bernard J. McDaniel | 10,197 | 49.52% | – | |
Conservative | Reginald M. Balfour | 5,809 | 28.21% | – | |
CCF | Charles Cromwell Williams | 4,298 | 20.87% | – | |
Social Credit – Farmer-Labour | J.B. McLeod | 156 | 0.76% | – | |
Social Credit | Cornelius Rink | 133 | 0.64% | – | |
Total | 20,593 | 100.00% |
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