Scottish Cabinet

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Scottish Cabinet
Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (Government in Scotland).svg
Royal Arms as used by the government in Scotland
Scottish Cabinet Room.jpg
Cabinet Room of the Scottish Government in Bute House
Cabinet overview
Formed1999
(26 years ago) (1999)
TypeCabinet of the Scottish Government
Jurisdiction Scotland
HeadquartersCabinet Room, Bute House, Edinburgh
Website Scottish Cabinet webpage

The Scottish Cabinet is the main decision-making body of the Scottish Government, the devolved government of Scotland. It is headed by the first minister, and made up of cabinet secretaries of the Scottish Government, the Lord Advocate and Solicitor General for Scotland (the Scottish Law Officers), the Permanent Secretary to the Scottish Government and the Minister for Parliamentary Business. [1]

Contents

The cabinet meets each Tuesday within the Cabinet Room located in Bute House in Edinburgh, the official residence of the first minister. If required, the cabinet will meet during periods of parliamentary recess, and is supported by Cabinet Sub-Committees. The sub–committees of the cabinet have delegated authority from the cabinet to take decisions on any legislative matter which do not require full cabinet consideration. [2]

History

Early cabinet

The first Scottish cabinet since 1707 was headed by Donald Dewar in 1999, the inaugural holder of first minister of Scotland following the reconvening of the Scottish Parliament and the passing of the Scotland Act 1998. In his first ministry, Dewar adopted the title "minister" for members of his cabinet. [3] Dewar's deputy first minister and Minister for Justice was Jim Wallace, with Angus MacKay serving as Minister for Finance, Susan Deacon as Minister for Health and Community Care and Wendy Alexander serving as Minister for Communities. [3]

Labour government years

Donald Dewar with his cabinet outside Bute House, 1999 Donald Dewar cabinet.png
Donald Dewar with his cabinet outside Bute House, 1999

During the premiership of Henry McLeish who succeeded Dewar as first minister in 2000 following Dewar's sudden death, he retained the "minister" titles for members of his cabinet. The McLeish cabinet formed in October 2000 and was dissolved in November 2001 following the resignation of McLeish amongst a political scandal relating to finances. [4] The First McConnell government was formed by first minister Jack McConnell on 27 November 2001 following his appointment as first minister following the resignation by Henry McLeish, [5] and was dissolved on 20 May 2003 following the 2003 Scottish Parliament election. [6] McConnell formed his second cabinet on 20 May 2003 and was dissolved on 16 May 2007, whereby it was replaced by the First Salmond government following Alex Salmond's election victory in the 2007 Scottish Parliament election. [7]

SNP in government

The 2007 election saw the Scottish National Party (SNP) elected to government in Scotland for the first time. Salmond formed his first cabinet on 17 May 2007 [8] and was dissolved on 19 May 2011. Salmond replaced the term "minister" for members of his cabinet with the term "cabinet secretaries". [9]

Following the 2011 Scottish Parliament election, the SNP returned to government, forming a majority government, the first time in the history of the Scottish Parliament. [10] The Second Salmond government was increased in size, from five cabinet secretaries to eight. [11] Salmond's second cabinet was formed on 19 May 2011 and dissolved on 18 November 2014, following his resignation as first minister following the defeat of the Yes Scotland campaign in the 2014 Scottish independence referendum. [12] Salmond's deputy first minister, Nicola Sturgeon, succeeded him as first minister, forming her government cabinet on 20 November 2014. It was formed of ten people: Sturgeon and nine cabinet secretaries. It was gender-balanced with five men and five women. [13] There were thirteen junior ministerial positions outwith the cabinet. [14]

First meeting of the new Salmond cabinet, May 2007 First meeting of Salmond government Cabinet.jpg
First meeting of the new Salmond cabinet, May 2007

The first Sturgeon government was dissolved on 18 May 2016. [15] Following the 2016 Scottish Parliament election, Sturgeon returned as first minister, forming the Second Sturgeon government on 18 May 2016. It was dissolved on 19 May 2021 following the 2021 Scottish Parliament election. Sturgeon formed her third cabinet following election victory in the 2021 election, with her third and final cabinet forming on 19 May 2021 and dissolving on 28 March 2023 following her decision to resign as first minister. [16] [17]

Humza Yousaf succeeded Sturgeon as first minister, forming his first cabinet of the Scottish Government on 29 March 2023. His cabinet was dissolved on 25 April 2024 following his decision to withdraw the SNP from the Bute House Agreement. [18] His second cabinet was formed amongst a political crisis and was releatively short lived, formed on 25 April 2024 and dissolving on 7 May 2024 following his resignation as first minister. [19] John Swinney was appointed first minister in May 2024, forming the incumbent Scottish cabinet on 8 May 2024. [20]

Additional attendees at cabinet

First meeting of the Dewar government, 1999 Meeting of the Dewar cabinet 1999.jpg
First meeting of the Dewar government, 1999
The cabinet of the Second Sturgeon government, 2016 Meeting of new Scottish Cabinet, 2016.jpg
The cabinet of the Second Sturgeon government, 2016

From the formation of the Scottish Government in 1999 until the election of Alex Salmond as first minister in 2007, the Lord Advocate was a regular attendee at meetings of the cabinet. After becoming first minister in May 2007, Salmond decided to depoliticise the role of the Lord Advocate by implementing a convention that would see the Lord Advocate only attend cabinet meetings when legal advice was to be given only, and did not participate in wider political debate as they had done from 1999. [21] As a result, the number of occasions where the Lord Advocate would attend cabinet meetings was significantly reduced. [22]

The Permanent Secretary to the Scottish Government attends all meetings of the cabinet in their capacity as the principal advisor on government policy to the first minister and secretary to the Scottish cabinet. Additionally, the Permanent Secretary to the Scottish Government serves as the principal accountable officer to the government, with overall responsibility on matters relating to the government's money and resources. [23] Unlike other members of the Scottish cabinet, the Permanent Secretary to the Scottish Government is accountable to the Scottish Parliament and not the first minister, as is the case with the cabinet secretaries within the Scottish cabinet. [24]

The Minister for Parliamentary Business is the only Scottish Government junior minister who regularly attends meetings of the Scottish cabinet. [25] The minister is directly responsible for Boundaries Scotland, Freedom Of Information (FOI) requests, government and parliamentary business, government statistics, local government elections, the Office of the Chief Researcher, open government and Citizens' Assemblies and Scottish Parliamentary elections. The Minister for Parliamentary Business advises and informs the cabinet on each of these areas, as well as directly supporting the first minister in their functions. [26] The Chief of Staff to the First Minister may also attend cabinet meetings at the request of the first minister. [27]

During significant events impacting Scotland, other Scottish Government junior ministers may be requested to attend cabinet meetings. During the Covid-19 pandemic in Scotland, cabinet meetings were attended by junior ministers such as the Minister for Mental Health, Minister for Europe, Migration and International Development and the Minister for Community Safety. Other members who may attend the cabinet, at the request of the first minister, include the first minister's principal private secretary, the first minister's official spokesperson and representatives from the first minister's policy and delivery unit. [28] Various cabinet secretariats, senior special advisors and individuals from the Scottish Government press office may also be in attendance at cabinet meetings. [29]

List of Scottish cabinets

The Scottish cabinet during the premiership of Henry McLeish, October 2000 Henry McLeish cabinet.png
The Scottish cabinet during the premiership of Henry McLeish, October 2000
The First McConnell government, December 2001 First Cabinet Meeting of McConnell Government.jpg
The First McConnell government, December 2001

Each first minister has appointed their own government cabinet during their term in office. For comprehensive listing of the cabinets appointed by each first minister, see:

Travelling cabinet

Travelling cabinet in Campbeltown The Scottish Cabinet in Campbeltown (9622886330).jpg
Travelling cabinet in Campbeltown

As of 2024, a total of fifty-two travelling cabinet meetings have been undertaken by the Scottish cabinet. Members of the cabinet will travel to other parts of Scotland, out-with Bute House in Edinburgh, to discuss local issues and gather public opinions on a range of government policies and objectives.

In October 2024, the Scottish cabinet travelled to Ayr in South Ayrshire, chaired by the first minister. The cabinet toured local businesses and projects to highlight the objectives of the Scottish Government.

First Minister, John Swinney, said the travelling cabinet "connects with communities across the country and enables us to make informed decisions as we strive to create a wealthier, fairer and greener Scotland". [30]

Scottish Cabinet

Cabinet Secretaries (attending Cabinet)

As of 8 May 2024, the makeup of the current Cabinet is as follows: [1]

Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (Government in Scotland).svg
Swinney government
Minister
Office(s)DepartmentTook office
Cabinet ministers
John Swinney - First Minister (53720492021) (cropped).jpg The Rt Hon
John Swinney
MSP for Perthshire North 		First Minister of Scotland
Keeper of the Great Seal of Scotland 		Office of the First Minister 8 May 2024
(8 months ago)
Kate Forbes - 53727242856 (cropped).jpg Kate Forbes
MSP for Skye, Lochaber and Badenoch 		Deputy First Minister of Scotland
Cabinet Secretary for Economy and Gaelic 		Economy Directorates 8 May 2024
(8 months ago)
Shona Robison - 53727584039 (cropped).jpg Shona Robison
MSP for Dundee City East 		Cabinet Secretary for Finance and Local Government Finance Directorates 29 March 2023
(21 months ago) [a]
Neil Gray - 53727586429 (cropped).jpg Neil Gray
MSP for Airdrie and Shotts 		Cabinet Secretary for Health and Social Care Health and Social Care Directorates 8 February 2024
(11 months ago) [b]
Official portrait of education secretary Jenny Gilruth (cropped 1).jpg Jenny Gilruth
MSP for Mid Fife and Glenrothes 		Cabinet Secretary for Education and Skills Education Scotland
Education and Justice Directorates 		29 March 2024
(9 months ago) [c]
Mairi McAllan - 53727683490 (cropped).jpg Màiri McAllan
MSP for Clydesdale 		Cabinet Secretary for Net Zero and Energy Net Zero Directorates 8 February 2024
(11 months ago) [d]
Fiona Hyslop - 53726335642 (cropped).jpg Fiona Hyslop
MSP for Linlithgow 		Cabinet Secretary for Transport Transport Scotland 8 February 2024
(11 months ago) [e]
Official portrait of rural affairs secretary Mairi Gourgeon (cropped 1).jpg Mairi Gougeon
MSP for Angus North and Mearns 		Cabinet Secretary for Rural Affairs, Land Reform and Islands Communities Directorates 21 May 2021
(3 years ago) [f]
Angus Robertson - 53727242996 (cropped).jpg The Rt Hon
Angus Robertson
MSP for Dunfermline 		Cabinet Secretary for the Constitution, External Affairs and Culture Strategy and External Affairs Directorates 20 May 2021
(3 years ago) [g]
Shirley-Anne Somerville - 53727457108 (cropped).jpg Shirley-Anne Somerville
MSP for Edinburgh Central 		Cabinet Secretary for Social Justice Social Security Scotland 29 March 2023
(21 months ago) [h]
Angela Constance - 53727458028 (cropped).jpg Angela Constance
MSP for Almond Valley 		Cabinet Secretary for Justice and Home Affairs Education, Communities and Justice Directorates 29 March 2023
(21 months ago) [i]
Law officers
Official Portrait of Dorothy Bain QC 2021 (cropped).jpg The Rt Hon
Dorothy Bain 		Lord Advocate Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service 22 June 2021
(3 years ago)
Official Portrait of Ruth Charteris QC.png Ruth Charteris Solicitor General for Scotland Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service22 June 2021
(3 years ago)
Also attending cabinet
John-Paul Marks 2022.jpg John-Paul Marks Permanent Secretary to the Scottish Government Civil service 1 January 2022
(3 years ago)
Official portrait of independence minister Jamie Hepburn (cropped 1).jpg Jamie Hepburn
MSP for Cumbernauld and Kilsyth 		Minister for Parliamentary Business Strategy and External Affairs Directorates 8 May 2024
(8 months ago)

Junior Ministers

Junior ministers

PostMinisterTerm
Minister for Parliamentary Business Jamie Hepburn MSP 2024–present
Minister for Employment and Investment Tom Arthur MSP 2024–present
Minister for Public Finance Ivan McKee MSP 2024–present
Minister for Public Health and Women's Health Jenni Minto MSP 2023–present
Minister for Social Care, Mental Wellbeing and Sport Maree Todd MSP 2023–present
Minister for Children, Young People and the Promise Natalie Don MSP 2023–present
Minister for Higher and Further Education

Minister for Veterans

Graeme Dey MSP 2023–present
Minister for Business Richard Lochhead MSP 2023–present
Minister for Climate Action [j] Gillian Martin MSP 2023–present
Minister for Drugs and Alcohol Policy Christina McKelvie MSP 2024-present
Minister for Equalities Kaukab Stewart MSP 2024–present
Minister for Housing Paul McLennan MSP 2023–present
Minister for Victims and Community Safety Siobhian Brown MSP 2023–present
Minister for Agriculture and Connectivity Jim Fairlie MSP 2024-present

Notes

  1. ↑ Appointed by Humza Yousaf during the First Yousaf government and retained by Swinney in the Swinney government
  2. ↑ Appointed by Humza Yousaf during the First Yousaf government and retained by Swinney in the Swinney government
  3. ↑ Appointed by Humza Yousaf during the First Yousaf government and retained by Swinney in the Swinney government
  4. ↑ Appointed by Humza Yousaf during the First Yousaf government and retained by Swinney in the Swinney government
  5. ↑ Appointed by Humza Yousaf during the First Yousaf government and retained by Swinney in the Swinney government
  6. ↑ Appointed by Nicola Sturgeon during the Third Sturgeon government and retained by Humza Yousaf in the first and second Yousaf governments and again by John Swinney in the Swinney government
  7. ↑ Appointed by Nicola Sturgeon during the Third Sturgeon government and retained by Humza Yousaf in the first and second Yousaf governments and again by John Swinney in the Swinney government
  8. ↑ Appointed by Humza Yousaf during the First Yousaf government and retained by Swinney in the Swinney government
  9. ↑ Appointed by Humza Yousaf during the First Yousaf government and retained by Swinney in the Swinney government
  10. ↑ Currently also Acting Cabinet Secretary for New Zero and Energy whilst incumbent Màiri McAllan is on maternity leave

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