Scuithin | |
---|---|
Old church ruins at Freynestown, County Kilkenny | |
Born | 6th century |
Residence | Freynestown, County Kilkenny |
Died | 7th century |
Venerated in | Eastern Orthodoxy, Roman Catholic Church |
Feast | 2 January |
Patronage | Castlewarren, County Kilkenny |
Influences | St. David of Wales |
Tradition or genre | St. Scuithin monastery, Johnswell hills, County Kilkenny |
St. Scuithin (fl. 6th/7th century) also known as Scolan, Scothin or Scuitin was a medieval Irish saint with strong Welsh connections. Sometime in the 6th century Scuthin left Ireland to pursue a life of cenobitic monasticism at Tyddewi [1] in Wales founded by St. David, whom at a later date he is reported to have saved from poisoning. [2]
According to the Irish Ecclesiastical Record , [3] St. Scuithin, having attained advanced ascetic virtues, returned to Ireland c. 540 to live the life of a hermit monk, building himself an austere and isolated cell. [4] This cell was located at Freynestown, on the Johnswell hills in the ancient barony of Slieve Margy, [5] Kingdom of Ossory. [6] This habitat would become known in Irish as tigh scuithin and evolve into Tiscoffin monastery as noted in the List of monastic houses in Ireland.
In the Irish language tigh scuithin means the house/abode of Scuithin. This has been anglicised as Tiscoffin and preserved as one of the civil parishes in Ireland within the Kilkenny Barony of Gowran. [7] The county Kilkenny town of Castlewarren in the Diocese of Ossory also preserves his name with the church of St. Scuithin. The townland of Freynestown is closely associated with St. Scuithin. [8]
There exists an apparently significant historical reference to St. Scuithin in the ancient annals of Wales. William Forbes Skene, in the Four Ancient Books of Wales, (Edinburgh, 1868) while reviewing poems in the Black Book of Carmarthen makes reference to this saint. There is a poem in which St. Scuithin, described as Yscolan, is confronted by the figure of Myrddin Wyllt. A portion of the poem reads:
Black thy horse, black thy cope, black thy head, black thyself, Yes, black art thou, Yscolan.
I am Yscolan the scholar, slight is my clouded reason, there is no drowning the woe of him who offends a sovereign.... [9]
Skene further states that the same name occurs in the lives of St. David, when he is said to have met an Irish ecclesiastic called Scuthyn, at a place later called Bed-y-Scolan.
It is recorded that St. Scuithin led a life of austere self-discipline and on being quizzed by his contemporary St. Brendan [10] how he was preserved from temptation, he responded that whenever he slept, two heavenly virgins, i.e., divine hope and charity, kept watch by his side to protect him from evil attack. He was so spiritualized by his constant penance, and so unconcerned with worldly attractions, that he is said to have been able to walk on water.
Legend states that once while performing this act on the waters between Ireland and Wales he met St. Finbarr in his boat. St. Scuithin grasped a variegated flower - a scuitliin from the water and threw it to St. Finbarr [11] saying: “See how, by the mercy of God, it is in a flowery meadow that we are journeying." To which St. Finbarr replied: “This is not a flowery meadow, but the sea;" and plunging his hand into the water, he caught a salmon which he tossed to St. Scuithin, saying: "See how richly it is supplied by God to minister to our wants."
The note in the Felire of St. Oengus adds, that it was on account of that variegated flower that our Saint received his name of Scuithin. [12]
The ancient habitat and personae of St. Scuithin is often confused with that of St. Gobban [13] of Old Leighlin which is some seven kilometres distant. St. Gobban founded his monastery in the early 7th century; it would later evolve into St. Laserian's Cathedral, Old Leighlin, County Carlow. Confusion exists regarding the various holy men named St. Goban.
The close proximity of these two ancient ecclesiastical sites, plus the passage of time, distortion of language and dialect has entwined and confused the true identities of these saints of early Celtic Christianity. St. Scuithin and St. Goban were two distinct historical persons.
He was described in the History and Antiquities of the Diocese of Ossory as:
He is also entered January 2, in The Martyrology of Donegal as:
Two ancient manuscripts in the Bibliothèque Royale, Brussels preserve St. Scuithin's memory in poetry:
Ninian is a Christian saint, first mentioned in the 8th century as being an early missionary among the Pictish peoples of what is now Scotland. For this reason he is known as the Apostle to the Southern Picts, and there are numerous dedications to him in those parts of Scotland with a Pictish heritage, throughout the Scottish Lowlands, and in parts of Northern England with a Northumbrian heritage. He is also known as Ringan in Scotland, and as Trynnian in Northern England.
Saint Molaiseof Leighlin, also Laisrén or Laserian, was an early Irish saint and abbot of Lethglenn or Leithglenn, now Old Leighlin in Co. Carlow, who is supposed to have lived in the 6th and 7th centuries.
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Osraige or Osraighe, Osraí, anglicized as Ossory, was a medieval Irish kingdom comprising what is now County Kilkenny and western County Laois, corresponding to the Diocese of Ossory. The home of the Osraige people, it existed from around the first century until the Norman invasion of Ireland in the 12th century. It was ruled by the Dál Birn dynasty, whose medieval descendants assumed the surname Mac Giolla Phádraig.
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Broccán Clóen was an Irish cleric who lived in the sixth or seventh century.
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The Roman Catholic Diocese of Ossory is a Roman Catholic diocese in eastern Ireland. It is one of three suffragan dioceses in the ecclesiastical province of the Metropolitan Archbishop of Dublin. Currently, it is led by Niall Coll who was appointed on 28 October 2022 and will be ordained bishop on 29 December 2022.
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St. Modomnóc of Ossory was an Irish saint and missionary in Osraige who was a disciple of St. David of Wales and a member of the O'Neill royal family. His feast day is February 13.
The Bishop of Ossory is an episcopal title which takes its name after the ancient of Kingdom of Ossory in the Province of Leinster, Ireland. In the Roman Catholic Church it remains a separate title, but in the Church of Ireland it has been united with other bishoprics.
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St Canice's Cathedral, also known as Kilkenny Cathedral, is a cathedral of the Church of Ireland in Kilkenny city, Ireland. It is in the ecclesiastical province of Dublin. Previously the cathedral of the Diocese of Ossory, it is now one of six cathedrals in the United Dioceses of Cashel and Ossory.
The Martyrology of Tallaght, which is closely related to the Félire Óengusso or Martyrology of Óengus the Culdee, is an eighth- or ninth-century martyrology, a list of saints and their feast days assembled by Máel Ruain and/or Óengus the Culdee at Tallaght Monastery, near Dublin. The Martyrology of Tallaght is in prose and contains two sections for each day of the year, one general and one for Irish saints. It also has a prologue and an epilogue.
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Freynestown is a townland in the civil parish of Tiscoffin in the barony of Gowran, County Kilkenny, Ireland. Freynestown was anciently located in the Kingdom of Ossory and derives its name from the Cambro-Norman family of "de la Freyne.".
Tiscoffin is a civil parish, in County Kilkenny, Ireland.