Second Street Bridge (Allegan, Michigan)

Last updated
Second Street Bridge
Allegan Michigan 2nd street bridge.jpg
Bridge in 2005
Coordinates 42°31′33″N85°50′54″W / 42.5258°N 85.8484°W / 42.5258; -85.8484
Crosses Kalamazoo River
Characteristics
Width18 feet (5.5 m)
Longest span225 feet (69 m)
Clearance above 15 to 20 feet (4.6 to 6.1 m)
History
Designer Zenas King
Constructed by King Iron Bridge Company
Construction cost$7,532.25
Openedlate September 1886
Second Street Bridge
Location2nd St., Allegan, Michigan, USA
Built1886
Architectural style Whipple truss
NRHP reference No. 80001845 [1]
Significant dates
Added to NRHPJune 11, 1980
Designated MSHSSeptember 8, 1982
Location
Second Street Bridge (Allegan, Michigan)
References
[2]

The Second Street Bridge is a one-lane, single-span truss bridge in Allegan, in the U.S. state of Michigan, that carries Second Street over the Kalamazoo River. It is a Michigan State Historic Site, a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Built in 1886, the bridge replaced an earlier wooden structure. In the early 1980s, the bridge underwent significant renovation.

Contents

History

Prior to construction of the current structure, the river was spanned by a wooden bridge which had been in use for about fifty years. By the mid-1880s, the bridge had fallen into disrepair. The Allegan Journal and Tribune reported in March 1886 that "The structure miscalled a bridge ... is nearly buried in liquid mud, which serves to cover up some of the holes. We hope steps will be taken to secure an iron bridge before the old one tumbles down." [3]

The replacement bridge was designed by Zenas King, founder of the King Iron Bridge Company, and the company began construction in 1886. The bridge was completed in two and a half months owing to fear that the wooden structure might collapse. [3] Construction cost $7,532.25 and the bridge opened to traffic in late September. The bridge was one of the largest built by the company. [2]

Looking down the length of the bridge in 2010, with traffic lights visible 2nd street bridge heading into Allegan, Michigan.JPG
Looking down the length of the bridge in 2010, with traffic lights visible

In 1979, a structural analysis of the bridge indicated that the wrought iron was in good shape, but the deck was deteriorating. City officials chose to rehabilitate the bridge instead of replacing it because the structure is historic and further study showed that traffic problems would be exacerbated by replacing it with a two-lane structure. [4] Because the bridge was not a critical transportation corridor, the city persuaded the federal government to fund rehabilitation, even though the project would not meet AASHTO standards. [5] The project was approved in part because the bridge was made one-way to overcome the limitations of its narrow roadway. [6] Funding was received in 1981, [7] and the contract was awarded to low bidder H&K Construction for $552,000, [4] compared to an estimated $1.2 million for replacement. [5]

For rehabilitation, the 80-ton bridge was rolled ashore on a system of rails, pulled by a hydraulic crane winch. After erecting scaffolding, the bridge was disassembled and members shipped to Holland, Michigan, for repairs and painting. New components were manufactured in Grand Rapids. All components were tested by dye penetration and ultrasound to ensure their soundness. The bridge was then reassembled and rolled back over the river. [4] In June 1983, the bridge's reopening was celebrated by a three-day "Bridgefest". [7] At some point after rehabilitation, traffic lights were installed, permitting the resumption of two-way traffic on the now one-lane bridge. [6]

Since 1995, the bridge has featured in the logo of the city of Allegan. [8] [9]

Historic designations

Michigan State Historic Site marker (center) and National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark sign (left) 2nd street bridge sign.jpg
Michigan State Historic Site marker (center) and National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark sign (left)

The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on June 11, 1980. [2] In 1982, the American Society of Civil Engineers designated it as a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark. [10] On September 8, 1982, the bridge was designated a Michigan State Historic Site and an informational marker was erected in 1984. [2]

Design

The Second Street Bridge has a single-span Whipple truss design, made of steel and iron. [2] [7] The bridge is 18 feet (5.5 m) wide and spans 225 feet (69 m) over the Kalamazoo River with 15 to 20 feet (4.6 to 6.1 m) of water clearance. [2] Its abutments are made of granite fieldstone. [2] [4] The structure is decorated with lattice work, iron end post finials, and latticed metal handrails. On one side of the bridge is a pedestrian walkway with wood flooring. [2]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gladesville Bridge</span> Bridge in Sydney, Australia

Gladesville Bridge is a heritage-listed concrete arch road bridge that carries Victoria Road over the Parramatta River, linking the Sydney suburbs of Huntleys Point and Drummoyne, in the local government areas of Canada Bay and Hunter's Hill, in New South Wales, Australia. Despite its name, the bridge is not in Gladesville.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eads Bridge</span> Bridge spanning the Mississippi River in St. Louis, Missouri

The Eads Bridge is a combined road and railway bridge over the Mississippi River connecting the cities of St. Louis, Missouri, and East St. Louis, Illinois. It is located on the St. Louis riverfront between Laclede's Landing to the north, and the grounds of the Gateway Arch to the south. The bridge is named for its designer and builder, James Buchanan Eads. Work on the bridge began in 1867, and it was completed in 1874. The Eads Bridge was the first bridge across the Mississippi south of the Missouri River. Earlier bridges were located north of the Missouri, where the Mississippi is smaller. None of the earlier bridges survived, which means that the Eads Bridge is also the oldest bridge on the river.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Truss bridge</span> Bridge whose load-bearing superstructure is composed of a truss

A truss bridge is a bridge whose load-bearing superstructure is composed of a truss, a structure of connected elements, usually forming triangular units. The connected elements, typically straight, may be stressed from tension, compression, or sometimes both in response to dynamic loads. There are several types of truss bridges, including some with simple designs that were among the first bridges designed in the 19th and early 20th centuries. A truss bridge is economical to construct primarily because it uses materials efficiently.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Smithfield Street Bridge</span> Bridge over the Monongahela River in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

The Smithfield Street Bridge is a lenticular truss bridge crossing the Monongahela River in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Walnut Street Bridge (Harrisburg, Pennsylvania)</span> Bridge in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

The Walnut Street Bridge also known as The People's Bridge, is a truss bridge that spanned the Susquehanna River in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania until 1996. Built by the Phoenix Bridge Company in 1890, it is the oldest remaining bridge connecting Harrisburg's downtown and Riverfront Park with City Island. Since flooding in 1996 collapsed sections of the western span, it no longer connects to the West Shore. The bridge was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1971. A 2014 Cross-River Connections Study notes that the bridge currently serves as an "important bicycle and pedestrian link between City Island and downtown Harrisburg, connecting the city and the Capital Area Greenbelt to special events on City Island."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Coraopolis Bridge</span> Bridge in Pennsylvania, U.S.

The Coraopolis Bridge[1] is a girder bridge over the back channel of the Ohio River connecting Grand Avenue on Neville Island to Ferree Street in Coraopolis, Pennsylvania. It opened in 1995 to replace a structure of historic significance. The original Pratt/Bowstring/Pennsylvania[2] through truss spans, designed by Theodore Cooper, were formerly the (third) Sixth Street Bridge, spanning the Allegheny River, in downtown Pittsburgh, and were built in 1892 by the Union Bridge Company. They were floated downstream by the Foundation Company in 1927 rather than being demolished when the bridge was removed to enable construction of the present (fourth) Three Sisters (Pittsburgh) Sixth Street Self-anchored suspension bridge. However, by the late 1980s, the old bridge could no longer support traffic volumes and was replaced by a newer structure.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bollman Truss Railroad Bridge</span> Historic truss bridge in Savage, Maryland, US

The Bollman Truss Railroad Bridge across the Little Patuxent River at Savage, Maryland, is one of the oldest standing iron railroad bridges in the United States and the sole surviving example of a revolutionary design in the history of American bridge engineering. The 160-foot (48.8 m) double-span was built in 1852 at an unknown location on the main line of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. It was moved 35 years later to its present location, where it replaced the very first Bollman bridge. Today, it carries the Savage Mill Trail.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">New Richmond Swing Bridge</span> United States historic place

The New Richmond Swing Bridge, also known as the Fifty-Seventh Street Bridge, is a one lane swing bridge in Michigan. Located in Allegan County's Manlius Township, it connected 57th Street with Old Allegan Road over the Kalamazoo River until its closure to vehicular traffic. The name New Richmond comes from a former mining town in the area of the same name. The bridge is one of the oldest - if not the oldest - swing bridges extant in the United States, and is one of the oldest metal truss bridges in the state of Michigan and the state's longest pony truss bridge.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blackfriars Street Bridge</span> Bridge crossing the North Thames River in London, Ontario, Canada

Blackfriars Bridge in London, Ontario, Canada is a wrought iron bowstring arch through truss bridge, crossing the North Thames River. The bridge was constructed in 1875 and carries single-lane vehicles, bicycles and pedestrians from Blackfriars Street to Ridout Street North.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Riverside Avenue Bridge (Greenwich, Connecticut)</span> United States historic place

The Riverside Avenue Bridge is the only cast-iron bridge in Connecticut and one of a small number still in use in the United States. It carries Riverside Avenue over the New Haven Line railroad tracks in the Riverside section of Greenwich, Connecticut. The bridge was part of an earlier span built in 1871 over the Housatonic River by the New York and New Haven Railroad, and when that bridge was replaced, part of it was erected in Riverside in 1895. It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bardwell's Ferry Bridge</span> Bridge in Conway, Massachusetts

The Bardwell's Ferry Bridge, built in 1882, is a historic lenticular truss bridge spanning the Deerfield River between the towns of Shelburne and Conway in Franklin County, Massachusetts. The bridge is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and is designated as a Massachusetts Historic Civil Engineering Landmark by the American Society of Civil Engineers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nevius Street Bridge</span> United States historic place

The Nevius Street Bridge is a double intersection Pratt truss bridge that once carried car traffic across the Raritan River between Hillsborough Township and Raritan Borough in Somerset County, New Jersey, United States. The bridge, described using its historic name, Raritan Bridge, was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 12, 1992, for its engineering and method of construction. It is part of the Metal Truss Bridges in Somerset County Multiple Property Submission (MPS).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">South Washington Street Parabolic Bridge</span> United States historic place

South Washington Street Parabolic Bridge is a historic Lenticular truss bridge located at Binghamton in Broome County, New York. It was constructed in 1886 and spans the Susquehanna River. It is composed of three identical through trusses with an overall length of 484 feet. The bridge was closed to vehicular traffic in 1969. It is the longest multiple span, Lenticular truss bridge constructed in New York State during the 19th century. It was constructed by the Berlin Iron Bridge Company of East Berlin, Connecticut. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978. The bridge was rehabilitated between 2014 and 2017.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Prince Alfred Bridge</span> 1860s wrought iron truss bridge in Gundagai

The Prince Alfred Bridge is a wrought iron truss and timber beam partially-disused road bridge over the Murrumbidgee River and its floodplain at Middleton Drive, Gundagai, Cootamundra-Gundagai Regional Council, New South Wales, Australia. The heritage-listed road bridge was designed by William Christopher Bennett and built from 1864 to 1867 by Francis Bell. It is also known as Prince Alfred Bridge – Iron Road Bridge and Iron Bridge over Murrumbidgee River at Gundagai. The iron bridge is owned by Transport for NSW and the timber viaduct is owned by Crown Lands. The bridge was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 5 July 2019 and on the Register of the National Estate on 21 March 1978.

The US 2–Iron River Bridge, also known as the Genesee Street Bridge, is a bridge located on Genesee Street over the Iron River in Iron River, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">23 Mile Road–Kalamazoo River Bridge</span> Bridge

The 23 Mile Road–Kalamazoo River Bridge is a curved-chord through-girder bridge in Marengo Township, Michigan, United States, that carries 23 Mile Road over the Kalamazoo River. Built in 1922, it is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Delhi Bridge</span> United States historic place

The Delhi Bridge, also known as the East Delhi Bridge, is a one-lane, wrought iron Pratt through truss bridge that carries East Delhi Road over the Huron River in Scio Township, Michigan. The bridge was completed on October 12, 1883 to replace a wooden span built in 1851. In 1917, the bridge was severely damaged by a tornado but was rebuilt. After it was closed to traffic in 2005 for being unsafe, the bridge was renovated and reopened in 2009. The bridge is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Knight's Ferry Bridge</span> United States historic place

The Knight's Ferry Bridge is a historic covered bridge spanning the Stanislaus River at Knights Ferry, California. Built in 1863, it is one of the best-preserved 19th-century wood-iron Howe truss bridges to survive. It was designated a U.S. National Historic Landmark in 2012.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Macdonald River railway bridge, Woolbrook</span> Heritage listed railway bridge in New South Wales

The Macdonald River railway bridge is a heritage-listed railway bridge that carries the Main Northern Line across the Macdonald River located in Woolbrook, in the Walcha Shire, New South Wales, Australia. The railway bridge was designed by John Whitton as the Engineer-in-Chief for the New South Wales Government Railways and built during 1882 by J. S. Bennett, with iron work by J. & C. Brettell, Worcester, England. The railway bridge is also known as the Woolbrook rail bridge over the Macdonald River and the Woolbrook Lattice Railway Bridge. The bridge and adjacent infrastructure is owned by Transport Asset Holding Entity, an agency of the Government of New South Wales. The bridge was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999 and was added to the Register of the National Estate on 18 April 1989.

Bridge Street Bridge, also known as Veterans Memorial Bridge, is a two-span Pratt through truss bridge that crosses the Grand River in Portland, Michigan, in the United States. Completed in 1890, it is the oldest known surviving example of a truss bridge built in the state by the Groton Bridge and Manufacturing Company.

References

  1. "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places . National Park Service. March 13, 2009.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Staff. "Second Street Bridge". State Historic Preservation Office. Michigan State Housing Development Authority. Retrieved December 16, 2012.
  3. 1 2 "Second Street Bridge". American Society of Civil Engineers. Retrieved January 26, 2022.
  4. 1 2 3 4 "Shore-berthed bridge gets rehab treatment". Engineering News-Record. McGraw-Hill, Inc. May 12, 1983 via LexisNexis.
  5. 1 2 Chamberlin, William P. (October 1983). "Historic Bridges - Criteria for Decision Making" (PDF). Transportation Research Board. National Research Council. p. 25. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 13, 2011. Retrieved March 24, 2013.
  6. 1 2 DeLony, Eric (1993). Landmark American Bridges. ASCE Publications. p. 5. ISBN   9780872628571.
  7. 1 2 3 "2nd St. / Kalamazoo River". Michigan's Historic Bridges. Michigan Department of Transportation. Retrieved March 24, 2013.
  8. "Welcome to Allegan!". City of Allegan. Retrieved March 25, 2013.
  9. Smith, Rod (March 20, 2013). "Logo design sought for 'Positively Allegan' website". Kalamazoo Gazette. Retrieved March 25, 2013.
  10. "Second Street Bridge". American Society of Civil Engineers. Retrieved February 6, 2022.

Commons-logo.svg Media related to Second Street Bridge (Allegan, Michigan) at Wikimedia Commons