| Current Euratom members | Former United States |
Section 123 of the United States Atomic Energy Act of 1954, titled "Cooperation With Other Nations", establishes an agreement for cooperation as a prerequisite for nuclear deals between the US and any other nation. [1] [2] Such an agreement is called a 123 Agreement. [3] To date, the U.S. has entered into roughly twenty-six 123 Agreements with 52 countries. [4]
Countries with which the U.S. has a Section 123 Agreement as of 2025 include:
Argentina [5] 
Australia [5] 
Brazil [5] 
Canada [5] 
China (with re-processing rights, requiring approval per each request) [6] 
Euratom (with automatic re-processing rights) [6] 
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) [5] 
India (With advance consent to reprocessing), [7] exempt from certain safeguards by Indo-U.S. civilian nuclear agreement.
Indonesia [5] 
Japan (with automatic re-processing rights) [6] 
Kazakhstan [5] 
Republic of Korea [5] 
Mexico [8] 
Morocco [9] 
Norway [8] 
Philippines [8] [10] 
Russia [8] [11] 
Singapore [8] [12] 
Switzerland [8] 
Taiwan [5] via the American Institute in Taiwan [8] 
Thailand (1974-2014, 2025-2065) [5] [13] 
Turkey [5] 
Ukraine [14] [5] 
UAE [15] 
UK [8] 
Vietnam [8] 
Bangladesh: [5] September 17, 1981 - June 24, 2012
Colombia [5] [16] 
Egypt [17] [16] 
South Africa: [5] December 4, 1997 - December 4, 2022123 Agreement With India
123 Agreement With UAE
