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Seawater, or salt water, is water from a sea or ocean. On average, seawater in the world's oceans has a salinity of about 3.5%. This means that every kilogram of seawater has approximately 35 grams (1.2 oz) of dissolved salts. Average density at the surface is 1.025 kg/l. Seawater is denser than both fresh water and pure water because the dissolved salts increase the mass by a larger proportion than the volume. The freezing point of seawater decreases as salt concentration increases. At typical salinity, it freezes at about −2 °C (28 °F). The coldest seawater still in the liquid state ever recorded was found in 2010, in a stream under an Antarctic glacier: the measured temperature was −2.6 °C (27.3 °F). Seawater pH is typically limited to a range between 7.5 and 8.4. However, there is no universally accepted reference pH-scale for seawater and the difference between measurements based on different reference scales may be up to 0.14 units.
Muricauda antarctica is a Gram-negative, and rod-shaped bacterium from the genus of Muricauda which has been isolated from seawater from the Prydz Bay on the Antarctica.
Dyadobacter is a genus of gram negative rod-shaped bacteria belonging to the family Cytophagaceae in the phylum Bacteroidetes. Typical traits of the genus include yellow colony colour, positive flexirubin test and non-motile behaviours. They possess an anaerobic metabolism, can utilise a broad range of carbon sources, and test positive for peroxide catalase activity. The type species is Dyadobacter fermentans, which was isolated from surface sterilised maize leaves,.
Roseivirga is a strictly aerobic genus from the family of Flammeovirgaceae.
Pontibacter is a strictly aerobic bacterial genus from the family of Cytophagaceae.
Thalassotalea eurytherma is a Gram-negative, aerobic and rod-shaped bacterium from the genus of Thalassotalea which has been isolated from seawater from the East China Sea.
Marinobacterium zhoushanense is a Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic and motile bacterium from the genus of Marinobacterium with a single polar flagellum which has been isolated from seawater from the East China Sea.
Actibacterium is a bacterial genus from the family of Rhodobacteraceae.
Celeribacter ethanolicus is a bacterium from the genus of Celeribacter which has been isolated from seawater from the South China Sea.
Paraphaeobacter is a Gram-negative and aerobic genus of bacteria from the family of Rhodobacteraceae with one known species. Paraphaeobacter pallidus has been isolated from water from the Bohai Sea in China.
Pseudooceanicola is a genus of bacteria from the family of Rhodobacteraceae.
Pseudooceanicola lipolyticus is a Gram-negative and rod-shaped bacterium from the genus of Pseudooceanicola which has been isolated from seawater from the Philippine Sea.
Psychromarinibacter is a Gram-negative, strictlyaerobic and motile genus of bacteria from the family of Rhodobacteraceae with one known species. Psychromarinibacter halotolerans has been isolated from seawater from the Yellow Sea.
Seohaeicola is a genus of bacteria from the family of Rhodobacteraceae.
Seohaeicola nanhaiensis is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, aerobic and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Seohaeicola which has been isolated from sediments of the South China Sea.
Seohaeicola saemankumensis is a Gram-negative and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Seohaeicola which has been isolated from tidal flat sediments from the Yellow Sea from Korea.
Seohaeicola westpacificensis is a Gram-negative and aerobic bacterium from the genus of Seohaeicola which has been isolated from seawater from the western Pacific.
Pseudohongiella nitratireducens is a Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped and motile bacterium from the genus of Pseudohongiella which has been isolated from seawater from the South China Sea.
Idiomarina donghaiensis is a Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped and motile bacterium from the genus of Idiomarina which has been isolated from seawater from the East China Sea.
Henriciella pelagia is a Gram-negative, aerobic, short-rod-shaped and motile bacterium from the genus of Henriciella which has been isolated from seawater from the Eastern Pacific Ocean.
References
- 1 2 "Seohaeicola". LPSN .
- 1 2 "Seohaeicola zhoushanensis". www.uniprot.org.
- ↑ Wang, R; Han, S; Sun, C; Pan, J; Hu, J; Wu, D; Xu, J; Chen, J; Wu, M (August 2016). "Seohaeicola zhoushanensis sp. nov., isolated from seawater". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 66 (8): 3029–33. doi: 10.1099/ijsem.0.001140 . PMID 27154162.