India is a federal union comprising 28 states and 8 union territories, for a total of 36 entities. The states and union territories are further subdivided into 806 districts and smaller administrative divisions.
Article 370 of the Indian constitution gave special status to Jammu and Kashmir, a region located in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent and part of the larger region of Kashmir which has been the subject of a dispute between India, Pakistan and China since 1947. Jammu and Kashmir was administered by India as a state from 17 November 1952 to 31 October 2019, and Article 370 conferred on it the power to have a separate constitution, a state flag, and autonomy of internal administration.
The Puducherry Legislative Assembly is the unicameral legislature of the Indian union territory (UT) of Puducherry, which comprises four districts: Puducherry, Karaikal, Mahé and Yanam. Out of eight union territories of India, only three have legislatures and they are Delhi, Puducherry and Jammu and Kashmir. After delimitation shortly after its formation, the Puducherry legislative assembly has 33 seats, of which 5 are reserved for candidates from scheduled castes and 3 members are nominated by the Government of India. 30 out of 33 Members are elected directly by the people based on universal adult franchise and the remaining three are nominated by the central government. These nominated members enjoy the same powers as elected members of the assembly.
Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir is an agricultural university located in Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India. With its main campus and Faculty of Horticulture in Shalimar, Srinagar, the university has multiple campuses, colleges, research and extension centers across the Kashmir Valley and Ladakh Union Territory. The Faculty of Agriculture (FoA) is located in Wadura, Sopore
Jammu & Kashmir Bank Limited is an Indian private sector bank headquartered in Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir. The Jammu and Kashmir Bank was incorporated on 1 October 1938, by the then ruler of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir Maharaja Hari Singh with an initial paid up capital of ₹5.00 Lakh. The bank registered a total business turnover of over ₹1750 billion as of 31 March 2021.
Jammu and Kashmir is administered by the Republic of India within the framework of a federal parliamentary republic as a union territory, like the union territory of Puducherry, with a multi-party democratic system of governance. Until 2019, it was governed as a state administered by India. Politics in the region reflects the historical tension and dispute that the state has been a part of in the form of the Kashmir conflict. The head of state is the Lieutenant Governor of Jammu and Kashmir, currently Manoj Sinha, while the head of government is the Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir, currently vacant. Legislative power is vested in the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir, although this was dissolved by the Governor on 21 November 2018. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature.
The Jammu and Kashmir Board of School Education is the main board of school education in the Union Territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh. It is based in Jammu & Srinagar and is an autonomous body under the administration of the Government of Jammu and Kashmir. The board gives affiliation to more than 10200 schools across the state and employs 22856 teachers. The Jammu and Kashmir Board of School Education was established through a legislation under the Jammu and Kashmir State Board of School Education Act, 1975 with Agha Ashraf Ali as its first chairman
A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike the states of India, which have their own governments, union territories are federal territories governed, in part or in whole, directly by the Central Government of India. There are currently eight union territories in India: Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Chandigarh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, Delhi (NCT), Jammu and Kashmir, Ladakh, Lakshadweep and Puducherry.
Soura, known as Sovur in Kashmiri, is a neighborhood in Indian-administered Srinagar in the disputed region of Jammu and Kashmir. It is located about 9 km north of Lal Chowk, Srinagar on Srinagar-Ladakh Highway in Jammu and Kashmir, India. Soura is noted for Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, a multi-specialty hospital. Besides serving as a hospital, it is the medical deemed university of Kashmir valley. Soura is located near Anchar Lake. The whole western side of the area is covered by Anchar Lake. It also hosts a famous Muslim Shrine known as Asar-e-Sharif Jinab Sahib Soura which holds more than 13 holy relics.
The Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly, also known as the Jammu and Kashmir Vidhan Sabha, is the legislature of Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir.
Shah Faesal is an Indian bureaucrat currently posted as Deputy Secretary in the Ministry of Culture (India) In 2010, Faesal secured Rank 1 and became the first Kashmiri to top the Indian Civil Services Examination. He tendered his resignation from the Indian bureaucracy in protest on 9 January 2019, citing "unabated killings" in Kashmir among other things, which, reportedly, was "never accepted" by the central government and he even withdrew the same later.
Article 35A of the Indian Constitution was an article that empowered the Jammu and Kashmir state's legislature to define "permanent residents" of the state and provide special rights and privileges to them which were not available to Indian citizens in general. It was added to the Constitution through a presidential order, i.e., The Constitution Order, 1954 – issued by the President of India under Article 370. Under the state's separate constitution, which is now defunct, permanent residents could purchase land and immovable property, vote and contest elections, seek government employment and avail themselves of other state benefits such as higher education and health care. Non-permanent residents of the state, even if Indian citizens, were not entitled to these 'privileges'.
The Government Degree College for Women, Sopore commonly known as Women's College Sopore is a University of Kashmir affiliated autonomous women's degree college located at Sopore in Baramulla district in the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. The college is affiliated with University of Kashmir and is recognised by University Grants Commission of India under articles 2(f) and 12(B) of UGC Act, 1956.
Institute under State Legislature Act is a type of university-level institution in India, established or incorporated by a state legislature act. Although such institutes do not come under the higher education department of the state and are run and funded by another department, they enjoy academic status and privileges like state universities. Other categories of university-level institutions in India including central university, state university, private university, deemed university.
Mohammad Ashraf Khan, chiefly known as Ashraf Sehrai or just as Sehrai, was a Kashmiri separatist leader and chairman of Tehreek-e-Hurriyat, a Kashmiri separatist political party. He was elected chairman through a first-ever election conducted in the history of Hurriyat when Syed Ali Shah Geelani relinquished office due to his deteriorating health.
Jammu and Kashmir is a region administered by India as a union territory and consists of the southern portion of the larger Kashmir region, which has been the subject of a dispute between India and Pakistan since 1947 and between India and China since 1959. The Line of Control separates Jammu and Kashmir from the Pakistani-administered territories of Azad Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan in the west and north. It lies to the north of the Indian states of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab and to the west of Ladakh which is administered by India as a union territory.
The Administration of Union Territory of Ladakh(sic) is the governing authority of the Indian union territory of Ladakh and its two districts. The Administration is led by a Lieutenant Governor appointed by the President of India who acts on behalf of the central Government of India. Ladakh does not have an elected legislative assembly. The two districts of Ladakh both elect their own autonomous district council-the Leh Autonomous Hill development council and the Kargil Autonomous Hill development Council, which have competence over a range of domestic affairs.
Education in Jammu and Kashmir is based on 5-tier model which includes primary schools, middle schools, higher secondary schools, Colleges and University. As per the census of 2011, Jammu and Kashmir has the literacy rate of 68%. However, there has been an increase in the numbers in recent years.
