Related Research Articles
Senescence or biological aging is the gradual deterioration of functional characteristics in living organisms. The word senescence can refer to either cellular senescence or to senescence of the whole organism. Organismal senescence involves an increase in death rates and/or a decrease in fecundity with increasing age, at least in the later part of an organism's life cycle. However, the resulting effects of senescence can be delayed. The 1934 discovery that calorie restriction can extend lifespans by 50% in rats, the existence of species having negligible senescence, and the existence of potentially immortal organisms such as members of the genus Hydra have motivated research into delaying senescence and thus age-related diseases. Rare human mutations can cause accelerated aging diseases.
In academic publishing, a retraction is a mechanism by which a published paper in an academic journal is flagged for being seriously flawed to the extent that their results and conclusions can no longer be relied upon. Retracted articles are not removed from the published literature but marked as retracted. In some cases it may be necessary to remove an article from publication, such as when the article is clearly defamatory, violates personal privacy, is the subject of a court order, or might pose a serious health risk to the general public.
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are pluripotent stem cells derived from the inner cell mass of a blastocyst, an early-stage pre-implantation embryo. Human embryos reach the blastocyst stage 4–5 days post fertilization, at which time they consist of 50–150 cells. Isolating the inner cell mass (embryoblast) using immunosurgery results in destruction of the blastocyst, a process which raises ethical issues, including whether or not embryos at the pre-implantation stage have the same moral considerations as embryos in the post-implantation stage of development.
Jim van Os is a Dutch academic and psychiatrist. He is Professor of Psychiatry and medical manager of the Brain Center at Utrecht University Medical Center, the Netherlands.
An organoid is a miniaturised and simplified version of an organ produced in vitro in three dimensions that mimics the key functional, structural and biological complexity of that organ. They are derived from one or a few cells from a tissue, embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells, which can self-organize in three-dimensional culture owing to their self-renewal and differentiation capacities. The technique for growing organoids has rapidly improved since the early 2010s, and The Scientist names it as one of the biggest scientific advancements of 2013. Scientists and engineers use organoids to study development and disease in the laboratory, drug discovery and development in industry, personalized diagnostics and medicine, gene and cell therapies, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Induced pluripotent stem cells are a type of pluripotent stem cell that can be generated directly from a somatic cell. The iPSC technology was pioneered by Shinya Yamanaka and Kazutoshi Takahashi in Kyoto, Japan, who together showed in 2006 that the introduction of four specific genes, collectively known as Yamanaka factors, encoding transcription factors could convert somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells. Shinya Yamanaka was awarded the 2012 Nobel Prize along with Sir John Gurdon "for the discovery that mature cells can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent."
Open peer review is the various possible modifications of the traditional scholarly peer review process. The three most common modifications to which the term is applied are:
- Open identities: Authors and reviewers are aware of each other's identity.
- Open reports: Review reports are published alongside the relevant article.
- Open participation: The wider community are able to contribute to the review process.
Paul Reinhard Schimmel is an American biophysical chemist and translational medicine pioneer.
In molecular biology, mir-145 microRNA is a short RNA molecule that in humans is encoded by the MIR145 gene. MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) also known as mesenchymal stromal cells or medicinal signaling cells, are multipotent stromal cells that can differentiate into a variety of cell types, including osteoblasts, chondrocytes, myocytes and adipocytes.
Translational Psychiatry is a peer-reviewed medical journal published by Nature Publishing Group. It is a sister journal to the better-known Molecular Psychiatry. While both journals cover the larger field of biological psychiatry, Translational Psychiatry is more focused on translational aspects of research. It was launched on April 5, 2011, when the editor-in-chief of both journals, Julio Licinio, announced it during the First National Symposium on Translational Psychiatry at The Australian National University. One of the first articles was a guest editorial by Thomas Insel, who stated that "Translational Psychiatry has an opportunity to make a difference by publishing the best science at a time when we can see this historic bridge being built that will link science, practice and policy. I, for one, will watch with enthusiasm." Translational Psychiatry has been criticized for requiring author fees to submit critiques of articles published in the journal since this could insulate articles from critics.
Joseph D. Buxbaum is an American molecular and cellular neuroscientist, autism researcher, and the Director of the Seaver Autism Center at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. Buxbaum is also, along with Simon Baron-Cohen, the co-editor of the BioMed Central journal Molecular Autism, and is a member of the scientific advisory board of the Autism Science Foundation. Buxbaum is a Professor of Psychiatry, Neuroscience, and Genetics and Genomic Sciences. He is also the Vice Chair for Research and for Mentoring in the Department of Psychiatry at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai.
Helen Margaret Blau is an American biologist and the Donald E. and Delia B. Baxter Foundation Professor and Director of the Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology at Stanford University School of Medicine. She is known for establishing the reversibility of the mammalian differentiated state. Her landmark papers showed that nuclear reprogramming and the activation of novel programs of gene expression were possible, overturning the prevailing view that the differentiated state was fixed and irreversible. Her discoveries opened the door for cellular reprogramming and its application to stem cell biology.
Anne Dejean-Assémat is a French molecular biologist working on the mechanisms leading to the development of human cancers. Professor at the Pasteur Institute and Research Director at Inserm, she heads the laboratory of Nuclear Organization and Oncogenesis at the Pasteur Institute.
Neurogenesis is the process by which nervous system cells, the neurons, are produced by neural stem cells (NSCs). In short, it is brain growth in relation to its organization. This occurs in all species of animals except the porifera (sponges) and placozoans. Types of NSCs include neuroepithelial cells (NECs), radial glial cells (RGCs), basal progenitors (BPs), intermediate neuronal precursors (INPs), subventricular zone astrocytes, and subgranular zone radial astrocytes, among others.
Senotherapy is an early-stage basic research field for development of possible therapeutic agents and strategies to specifically target cellular senescence, an altered cell state associated with ageing and age-related diseases. The name derives from intent of the proposed anti-aging drug to halt "senescence". As of 2019, much of the research remains preliminary and there are no drugs approved for this purpose.
BMJ USA: Primary Care Medicine for the American Physician was a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal published by the BMJ Group as a sister journal to the BMJ. It was intended to publish material specifically relevant to readers in the United States. It was established in 2001 and was discontinued permanently in 2005.
Graziella Pellegrini is an Italian Professor of Cell Biology and the Cell Therapy Program Coordinator at the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia. She has developed and championed cell therapy protocols in hospitals across Italy.
Matthias Lutolf is a bio-engineer and a professor at EPFL where he leads the Laboratory of Stem Cell Bioengineering. He is specialised in biomaterials, and in combining stem cell biology and engineering to develop improved organoid models. In 2021, he became the scientific director for Roche's Institute for Translation Bioengineering in Basel.
Nissim Benvenisty is Professor of Genetics, the Herbert Cohn Chair in Cancer Research and the Director of “The Azrieli Center for Stem Cells and Genetic Research” at the Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University.
References
- 1 2 Akers, Katherine G. (2016-11-21). "New journals for publishing medical case reports". Journal of the Medical Library Association. 104 (2): 146–149. doi:10.5195/jmla.2016.62. ISSN 1558-9439. PMC 4816468 . PMID 27076803.
- ↑ Bates, Susan E. (2017-02-01). "Too Many Journals". The Oncologist. 22 (2): 126–128. doi:10.1634/theoncologist.2017-0012. ISSN 1083-7159. PMC 5330714 . PMID 28188259.
- ↑ "Warning on 'Mirror Journals'". Inside Higher Ed. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
- ↑ Licinio, J (April 2011). "Translational Psychiatry: leading the transition from the cesspool of devastation to a place where the grass is really greener". Translational Psychiatry. 1 (4): e1. doi:10.1038/tp.2011.3. ISSN 2158-3188. PMC 3309469 . PMID 22832389.
- ↑ Davis, Ronald M.; Smith, Richard; Wilkes, Michael (2001-02-17). "The US sisters of the BMJ: The BMJ is becoming more active in the US". BMJ. 322 (7283): 380. doi:10.1136/bmj.322.7283.380. ISSN 0959-8138. PMC 1119621 . PMID 11179144.
- ↑ McNutt, Marcia (2014-01-17). "Reproducibility". Science. 343 (6168): 229. Bibcode:2014Sci...343..229M. doi:10.1126/science.1250475. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 24436391. S2CID 220096703.
- ↑ "Nature's sister journals in review". Nature. 374 (6522): 577–578. April 1995. Bibcode:1995Natur.374..577.. doi:10.1038/374577a0. ISSN 0028-0836. S2CID 19330422.
- ↑ "For Authors". Oncogenesis. Retrieved 2018-10-18.
- ↑ Lappin, T. R.; Editors of the Sister Journals (2015-01-22). "Editorial: Sibling Synergy". Stem Cells. 33 (2): 316–317. doi: 10.1002/stem.1912 . ISSN 1066-5099. PMID 25504305.
{{cite journal}}:|author2=has generic name (help)
 | This publishing-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |