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A sleeping berth is a bed or sleeping accommodation on vehicles. Space accommodations have contributed to certain common design elements of berths.
While beds on large ships are little different from those on shore, the lack of space on smaller yachts means that bunks must be fit in wherever possible. Some of these berths have specific names:
Frequently, yachts have a bed in the extreme forward end of the hull (usually in a separate cabin called the forepeak). [1] Because of the shape of the hull, this bed is basically triangular, though most also have a triangular notch cut out of the middle of the aft end, splitting it partially into two separate beds and making it more of a V shape, hence the name. This notch can usually be filled in with a detachable board and cushion, creating something more like a double bed (though with drastically reduced space for the feet; 12 in or 300 mm wide is typical). The term "V-berth" is not widely used in the UK; instead, the cabin as a whole (the forepeak) is usually referred to.
The archetypal layout for a small yacht has seats running down both sides of the cabin, with a table in the middle. At night, these seats can usually be used as beds. Because the ideal ergonomic distance between a seat-back and its front edge (back of the knee) makes for a rather narrow bed, good settee berths will have a system for moving the back of the settee out of the way; this can reveal a surprisingly wide bunk, often running right out to the hull side underneath the lockers. If they are to be used at sea, settee berths must have lee-cloths to prevent the user falling out of bed. Sometimes the settee forms part of a double bed for use in harbor, often using detachable pieces of the table and extra cushions. Such beds are not usually referred to as settee berths.
A narrow berth high up in the side of the cabin, the pilot berth is usually above and behind the back of the settee and right up under the deck. Sometimes the side of this bunk is "walled in" up to the sleeper's chest; there may even be small shelves or lockers on the partition so that the bed is "behind the furniture". The pilot berth is so called because originally they were so small and uncomfortable that nobody slept in them most of the time; only the pilot would be offered it if it were necessary to spend a night aboard the yacht.
This is a single bunk tucked under the cockpit, usually found in smaller boats where there is not room for a cabin in this location. [2]
Lee cloths are sheets of canvas or other fabric attached to the open side of the bunk (very few are open all round) and usually tucked under the mattress during the day or when sleeping in harbour. The lee cloth keeps the sleeping person in the bunk from falling out when the boat heels during sailing or rough weather. [3]
Long-distance trains running at night usually have sleeping compartments with sleeping berths. In the case of compartments with two berths, one is on top of the other in a double-bunk arrangement. These beds (the lower bed in a double-bunk arrangement) are usually designed in conjunction with seats which occupy the same space, and each can be folded away when the other is in use. [4]
Sleeper trains are common, especially in Europe, India and China. Sleeper trains usually consist of single or double-berth compartments, [4] as well as couchette, which have four or six berths (consisting of a bottom, middle and top bunk on each side of the compartment). [5]
These berths are clustered in compartments, contrasting with the berths in the open sections of Pullman cars in the United States, common until the 1950s. In these cars, passengers faced each other in facing seats during the day. Porters pulled down the upper berth and brought the lower seats together to create the lower berth. All of these berths faced the aisle running down the center of the sleeping car. Each berth had a curtain for privacy away from the aisle.
Long-haul truckers sleep in berths known as sleeper cabs contained within their trucks. The sleeper-berth's size and location is typically regulated. [6]
The sleeping car or sleeper is a railway passenger car that can accommodate all passengers in beds of one kind or another, for the purpose of sleeping. George Pullman was the American innovator of the sleeper car.
First class is the most luxurious and most expensive travel class of seats and service on a train, passenger ship, airplane, bus, or other system of transport. Compared to business class and economy class, it offers the best service and most comfortable accommodation.
A couchette car is a railway carriage conveying non or semi-private sleeping accommodation.
In United States railroad terminology, a troop sleeper was a railroad passenger car which had been constructed to serve as something of a mobile barracks for transporting troops over distances sufficient to require overnight accommodations. This method allowed part of the trip to be made overnight, reducing the amount of transit time required and increasing travel efficiency.
A passenger railroad car or passenger car, also called a passenger carriage, passenger coach, or passenger bogie is a railroad car that is designed to carry passengers, usually giving them space to sit on train seats. The term passenger car can also be associated with a sleeping car, a baggage car, a dining car, railway post office and prisoner transport cars.
City Night Line, abbreviated CNL, was a train category of German railway company Deutsche Bahn for overnight passenger train services between Germany and neighbouring European countries. In late 2015, Deutsche Bahn announced that it planned to terminate all night train services in December 2016, and this plan was implemented on 11 December 2016. The service on some CNL routes was replaced by ÖBB Nightjet services.
Night trains of Norway are over-night sleeping car services provided by three different operators on four routes across Norway. There is an additional night train that runs mostly through Sweden from Stockholm to Narvik.
A twinette is a sleeping-berth compartment with two beds on a train. The term "twinette" is in common use in Australia and New Zealand ; thus the double-berth compartments described here are those found in trains in Australia or New Zealand.
A roomette is a type of sleeping car compartment in a railroad passenger train. The term was first used in North America, and was later carried over into Australia and New Zealand. Roomette rooms are relatively small, and were originally generally intended for use by a single person; contemporary roomettes on Amtrak, however, include two sleeping berths.
The TÜVASAŞ 2000, more commonly known as TVS2000, is a series of intercity railcars built by TÜVASAŞ for the Turkish State Railways between 1993 and 2005. They were built in order to revive TCDD's failing image in the early 1990s, for use on the Capital Express. Today they are the most common railcars in Turkey.
NSB WLAB-2 or WLAB2 is a class of twenty sleeping cars built by Strømmens Verksted for the Norwegian State Railways (NSB). They serve as the sole sleepers in Norway, being used on the Bergen Line, Dovre Line, Nordland Line and Sørlandet Line. Each car features fifteen compartments, which can each be utilized with a single or twin bunk configuration. The carriages have a unique octagonal shape, are 27 meters long and weigh 48 tonnes.
The Swan 48 Frers, also called the Swan 48-2 and the Swan 48-2 Frers, is a Finnish sailboat that was designed by Germán Frers as a blue water cruiser-racer and first built in 1995.
The Swan 77 is a Finnish sailboat that was designed by Germán Frers as a blue water cruiser-racer and first built in 1992.
The Seaward 22 is an American trailerable sailboat that was designed by Nick Hake and first built in 1985.
The Windrose 5.5 is an American trailerable sailboat that was designed by W. Shad Turner as a pocket cruiser and first built in 1977.
The Capri 16, also called the Catalina 16, is an American trailerable sailboat that was designed by Frank W. Butler as a pocket cruiser and first built in 1987.
The ETAP 30i is a Belgian sailboat that was designed by French designers Mortain & Mavrikios, as a cruiser and first built in 1995.
The Lancer 25 is an American trailerable sailboat that was designed by W. Shad Turner as a cruiser and first built in 1975.
The Seafarer 23 is an American trailerable sailboat that was designed by McCurdy & Rhodes as a cruiser and first built in 1976.
The Sun Kiss 45, originally just called the Sun Kiss, is a French sailboat that was designed by Philippe Briand as a cruiser and first built in 1983. It was the first design in the two-boat Sun Kiss line that also includes the Sun Kiss 47. The Sun Kiss 45 shares a hull design with the Espace 1300.
