Sphingomonas was defined in 1990 as a group of Gram-negative, rod-shaped, chemoheterotrophic, strictly aerobic bacteria. They possess ubiquinone 10 as their major respiratory quinone, contain glycosphingolipids (GSLs), specifically ceramide, instead of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in their cell envelopes, and typically produce yellow-pigmented colonies.
Sphingomonadaceae are a gram-negative bacterial family of the Alphaproteobacteria. An important feature is the presence of sphingolipids in the outer membrane of the cell wall. The cells are ovoid or rod-shaped. Others are also pleomorphic, i.e. the cells change the shape over time. Some species from Sphingomonadaceae family are dominant components of biofilms.
Sphingomonas paucimobilis is a strictly aerobic Gram-negative bacterium that has a single polar flagellum with slow motility. The cell size is around 0.7 x 1.4 μm. It is usually found in soil. As with the other members of the genus, its biochemistry is remarkable in possession of ubiquinone 10 as its major respiratory quinone, and of glycosphingolipids instead of lipopolysaccharides in its cell envelope. It has been implicated in various types of clinical infections.
Sphingomonas yanoikuyae is a short rod-shaped, strictly aerobic, Gram-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming, chemoheterotrophic species of bacteria that is yellow or off-white in color. Its type strain is JCM 7371. It is notable for degrading a variety of aromatic compounds including biphenyl, naphthalene, phenanthrene, toluene, m-, and p-xylene. S. yanoikuyae was discovered by Brian Goodman on the southern coast of Papua New Guinea. However, Sphingomonas have a wide distribution across freshwater, seawater, and terrestrial habitats. This is due to the bacteria’s ability to grow and survive under low-nutrient conditions as it can utilize a broad range of organic compounds.
Sphingomonas adhaesiva is a species of bacteria. Its type strain is JCM 7370. The cells are rods and it has one polar flagellum. It is aerobic.
Halobacillus trueperi is a species of bacteria. It is halophilic, gram-positive, heterotrophic and its type strain is DSM 10404T.
Sphingomonas aromaticivorans is a species of bacteria. It is an aromatic compound-degrading bacteria, it is gram-negative, non-spore-forming, non-motile and rod-shaped. It is found in deep-terrestrial-subsurface sediments.
Sphingomonas alpina is a Gram-negative, aerobic, psychrophilic and motile bacteria from the genus of Sphingomonas which has been isolated from alpine soil from the High Tauern in Austria.
Sphingomonas astaxanthinifaciens is a bacterium from the genus of Sphingomonas which has been isolated from fresh water in Misasa in Japan. Sphingomonas astaxanthinifaciens has the ability to produce astaxanthin.
Sphingomonas aurantiaca is a Gram-negative and psychrotolerant bacteria from the genus of Sphingomonas which has been isolated from indoor dusts from animal sheds in Finland.
Sphingomonas azotifigens is a nitrogen-fixing bacteria from the genus of Sphingomonas which has been isolated from the root of a rice plant in Mishima in Japan.
Sphingomonas formosensis is a Gram-negative and short rod-shaped bacteria from the genus of Sphingomonas which has been isolated from agricultural soil in Kaohsiung County in Taiwan. Sphingomonas formosensis has the ability degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds.
Sphingomonas kaistensis is a Gram-negative, non-motile and non-spore-forming bacteria from the genus of Sphingomonas which has been isolated from soil in Korea.
Sphingomonas koreensis is a Gram-negative and aerobic bacteria from the genus of Sphingomonas which has been isolated from natural mineral water in Taejon in Korea. Sphingomonas koreensis can cause meningitis on humans.
Sphingomonas melonis is a bacterium from the genus of Sphingomonas which has been isolated from the plant Cucumis melo var. inodorus in Madrid in Spain. Sphingomonas melonis can cause brown spots on melon fruits from the melon plant.
Sphingomonas oryziterrae is a Gram-negative and rod-shaped bacteria from the genus of Sphingomonas which has been isolated from rhizosphere soil from rice fields in Jinju in Korea.
Sphingomonas panni is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming and rod-shaped bacteria from the genus of Sphingomonas which has been isolated from a sponge from an examination room in the University for Veterinary Medicine Vienna in Austria.
Sphingomonas xinjiangensis is a Gram-negative, aerobic and motile bacteria from the genus of Sphingomonas, which has been isolated from the desert sand of the Xingjiang Province in China.
Sphingomonas elodea is a species of bacteria in the genus Sphingomonas.
Natranaerobius trueperi is a thermotolerant, obligately alkaliphilic, anaerobic and extremely halophilic bacterium from the genus of Natranaerobius which has been isolated from sediments from the Lake UmRisha in Egypt.