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St Helena | |
---|---|
Written by | R.C. Sheriff |
Characters | Napoleon Bonaparte |
Date premiered | 4 February 1936 |
Place premiered | Old Vic London |
Original language | English |
Subject | Napoleon |
Genre | Biographical |
Setting | Longwood House, St. Helena, 1815 |
St Helena: a play in twelve scenes is a play by the English author R. C. Sherriff (notable as the author of the First World War drama Journey's End ) and Jeanne de Casalis (who also researched it). It deals with the exile of Napoleon I on Saint Helena. In a production by Henry Cass, it premiered at the Old Vic on 4 February 1936 to poor reviews, but was rescued by a letter to The Times by Winston Churchill, calling it "a remarkable play" and "a work of art of a very high order"; though a West End transfer also proved unsuccessful. [1] [2]
St Helena was first staged in the United States at the National Theatre in Washington, D.C. on September 28, 1936 in a production produced by Max Gordon for the opening the National's 101st season. [3] The production transferred to Broadway's Lyceum Theatre where it opened on October 6, 1936. Staged by Robert B. Sinclair, the production starred Maurice Evans as Napoleon, Reginald Mason as General Count Betrand, Joseph Macaulay as General Baron Gourgaud, Stephen Ker Appleby as General Count Montholon, Kay Strozzi as Countess Montholon, Rosamond Pinchot as Countess Bertrand, Percy Waram as Sir Hudson Lowe, Harry Bellaver as The Abbe Vignali, Edward Fielding as Admiral Sir George Cockburn, and Whitford Kane as Dr. O'Meara. [4] It ran for 63 performances. [5]
St Helena was presented as the February 27, 1949, episode of The Philco Television Playhouse on NBC. The trade publication Variety described Dennis King's portrayal of Napoleon as "an admirable characterization". [6]
Gaspard, Baron Gourgaud, also known simply as Gaspard Gourgaud, was a French soldier, prominent in the Napoleonic wars.
Charles Tristan, Marquis de Montholon was a French general during the Napoleonic Wars. He chose to go into exile on Saint Helena with the ex-emperor after Napoleon's second abdication.
Emmanuel-Augustin-Dieudonné-Joseph, comte de Las Cases was a French atlas-maker and author, famed for an admiring book about Napoleon, Le Mémorial de Sainte-Hélène.
Sir Hudson Lowe, was a British Army officer and colonial administrator who served as the governor of Saint Helena from 1816 to 1821. Seeing service during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, he is best known for serving as the de facto jailor of Napoleon when he was in exile on Saint Helena.
Monsieur N. is a 2003 British-French film directed by Antoine de Caunes. It tells the story of the last years of the life of the Emperor Napoléon, who was imprisoned by the British on St Helena. Napoléon retained a loyal entourage of officers who helped him plot his escape, and evaded the attentions of Major-General Sir Hudson Lowe, the island's overzealous Governor.
Robert Cedric Sherriff, FSA, FRSL was an English writer best known for his play Journey's End, which was based on his experiences as an army officer in the First World War. He wrote several plays, many novels, and multiple screenplays, and was nominated for an Academy Award and two BAFTA awards.
Barry Edward O'Meara was an Irish surgeon and founding member of the Reform Club who accompanied Napoleon to Saint Helena and became his physician, having been surgeon on board HMS Bellerophon when the emperor surrendered himself. He was a medical graduate of Trinity College Dublin.
Eagle in a Cage is an Anglo-American historical drama film, released in 1971.
Napoléon is a 1955 French historical epic film directed by Sacha Guitry that depicts major events in the life of Napoleon.
Longwood House is a mansion in St. Helena and the final residence of Napoleon Bonaparte, the former Emperor of the French, during his exile on the island of Saint Helena, from 10 December 1815 until his death on 5 May 1821.
The retour des cendres was the return of the mortal remains of Napoleon I of France from the island of Saint Helena to France and the burial in Hôtel des Invalides in Paris in 1840, on the initiative of Prime Minister Adolphe Thiers and King Louis Philippe I.
Frederick Leister, was an English actor. He began his career in musical comedy and after serving in the First World War he played character roles in modern West End plays and in classic drama. He appeared in more than 60 films between 1922 and 1961.
Jeniec Europy is a Polish historical film based on the novel by Juliusz Dankowski. It was released in 1989.
François Carlo Antommarchi was Napoleon's physician from 1819 to his death in 1821.
Alexander Field was an English film and television actor.
Napoleon at Saint Helena is a 1929 German silent historical film directed by Lupu Pick and starring Werner Krauss, Hanna Ralph, and Albert Bassermann. It was shot at the EFA Studios in Berlin with location shooting in Marseille and St. Helena. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Erich Zander and Karl Weber.
The Valley of the Tomb is the site of Napoleon's tomb, on the British Overseas Territory of Saint Helena in the south Atlantic Ocean, where he was buried following his death in exile on 5 May 1821. The valley had been called the Sane Valley, but Napoleon had taken walks there and referred to it as the Valley of the Geraniums.
"Eagle in a Cage" was an American television movie broadcast on October 20, 1965, as part of the television series, Hallmark Hall of Fame. It told the story of Napoleon at Saint Helena.
Élisabeth Françoise 'Fanny' Dillon was a French noblewoman and wife of Henri Gatien Bertrand.
Quum memoranda was a papal brief issued by Pope Pius VII in 1809. It was a response to a decree issued by Emperor Napoleon, on 17 May 1809, which incorporated the remnants of the Papal States into the French Empire, during the Napoleonic Wars. The brief was published on 10 June, the day of the decree's proclamation in Rome, capital of the Papal States, with an excommunication of Napoleon and all those who had contributed to what the Holy See saw as a violation of its temporal power.