Stanley Peart | |
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 Peart in 1987 | |
| Born | William Stanley Peart 31 March 1922 South Shields, County Durham, England |
| Died | 14 March 2019 (aged 96) Highgate, London, England |
| Father | Jack Peart |
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Sir William Stanley Peart FMedSci FRS [1] (31 March 1922 [2] – 14 March 2019) was a British medical doctor and clinical researcher who was first to demonstrate the release of noradrenaline after the stimulation of sympathetic nerves. [3]
Peart was the son of footballer and Fulham Football Club manager John George Peart and Margaret Joan (née Fraser). [4] [5]
Peart was educated at King's College School Bradford Grammar School and St Mary's Hospital Medical School (now part of Imperial College School of Medicine). [6]
Peart's main research interest lay in renal medicine and in particular, a hormone system that regulates blood pressure and water called the renin–angiotensin system.
He was the first to purify the peptide hormone angiotensin and determine its structure. He later isolated the enzyme renin — which catalyses the production of angiotensin — and carried out work to investigate the control of its release in the body. Peart is also acknowledged as being the driving force behind the development of the renal transplant programme at St Mary's Hospital in Paddington, London.
Peart was Chair of the Medical Research Society for more than a decade and later a member of the Medical Research Council. He was also a trustee of the Wellcome Trust, where he headed their first clinical panel. [3]
Peart was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1969. He was knighted in 1985. [3] He was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 1989. [7] He was awarded the Buchanan Medal of the Royal Society in 2000 "for his contribution to the foundations of understanding of the renin angiotensin system in particular through his seminal work on the isolation and determination of the structure of angiotensin, purification of renin, and subsequent studies on the control of renin release". [8]
In 1947, [9] Peart married Peggy Parkes, a nurse at St Mary's Hospital. [4]
Peart, Stanley; Blythe, Max (1993). "Sir Stanley Peart FRS in interview with Dr Max Blythe: Interview 1, Part 1". Medical Sciences Video Archive. Oxford Brookes University. doi:10.24384/000236 . Retrieved 9 March 2020.
Peart, Stanley; Blythe, Max (1993). "Sir Stanley Peart FRS in interview with Dr Max Blythe: Interview 1, Part 2". Medical Sciences Video Archive. Oxford Brookes University. doi:10.24384/000057 . Retrieved 9 March 2020.
Peart, Stanley; Blythe, Max (1994). "Sir Stanley Peart FRS in interview with Dr Max Blythe: Interview 2". Medical Sciences Video Archive. Oxford Brookes University. doi:10.24384/000055 . Retrieved 9 March 2020.
Peart, Stanley; Asconas, Ita (1994). "Sir Stanley Peart FRS in interview with Dr Ita Askonas FRS: Interview 3". Medical Sciences Video Archive. Oxford Brookes University. doi:10.24384/000234 . Retrieved 9 March 2020.
Peart, Stanley; Blythe, Max (1995). "Sir Stanley Peart FRS in interview with Dr Max Blythe: Interview 4". Medical Sciences Video Archive. Oxford Brookes University. doi:10.24384/000056 . Retrieved 9 March 2020.
Peart, Stanley; Asconas, Ita (1995). "Sir Stanley Peart FRS in interview with Dr Max Blythe: Interview 5". Medical Sciences Video Archive. Oxford Brookes University. doi:10.24384/000235 . Retrieved 9 March 2020.
Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors are a class of medication used primarily for the treatment of high blood pressure and heart failure. This class of medicine works by causing relaxation of blood vessels as well as a decrease in blood volume, which leads to lower blood pressure and decreased oxygen demand from the heart.
Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin was a Nobel Prize-winning English chemist who advanced the technique of X-ray crystallography to determine the structure of biomolecules, which became essential for structural biology.
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS), or renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), is a hormone system that regulates blood pressure, fluid, and electrolyte balance, and systemic vascular resistance.
Angiotensin is a peptide hormone that causes vasoconstriction and an increase in blood pressure. It is part of the renin–angiotensin system, which regulates blood pressure. Angiotensin also stimulates the release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex to promote sodium retention by the kidneys.
The angiotensin II receptors, (ATR1) and (ATR2), are a class of G protein-coupled receptors with angiotensin II as their ligands. They are important in the renin–angiotensin system: they are responsible for the signal transduction of the vasoconstricting stimulus of the main effector hormone, angiotensin II.
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Dame Bridget Margaret Ogilvie, is an Australian and British scientist.
Angiotensin II receptor type 1(AT1) is a Gq/11-coupled G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and the best characterized angiotensin receptor. It is encoded in humans by the AGTR1 gene. AT1 has vasopressor effects and regulates aldosterone secretion. It is an important effector controlling blood pressure and volume in the cardiovascular system. Angiotensin II receptor blockers are drugs indicated for hypertension, diabetic nephropathy and congestive heart failure.
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Glomerular hyperfiltration is a situation where the filtration elements in the kidneys called glomeruli produce excessive amounts of pro-urine. It can be part of a number of medical conditions particularly diabetic nephropathy.
Aileen Kirkpatrick Adams is a British retired consultant anaesthetist. She turned 100 in September 2023.
Pierre Corvol is a French doctor and biology researcher. He was director of the Collège de France from 2006 to August 2012.
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