Supreme Council of Uzbekistan

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Supreme Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan

O'zbekiston Respublikasi Oliy Kengashi (Uzbek)
Flag of Uzbekistan.svg Uzbekistan (1991–1994)
Emblem of Uzbekistan.svg
Type
Type
History
Established31 August 1991
Disbanded25 December 1994
Preceded by Supreme Soviet of the Uzbek SSR
Succeeded by Oliy Majlis
Leadership
Chairman
Yuldashev, Shavkat Mukhitdinovich (only officeholder)
Chairman of the Credentials Committee
Mirziyoyev, Shavkat Miramonovich (only officeholder)
Structure
Seats500
Supreme Soviet of Uzbek SSR and Republic of Uzbekistan in 1990-1994.svg
Elections
Mixed system
First election
February 18, 1990
Last election
December 25, 1994
Meeting place
Tashkent-uzbekistan-feve.jpg
Supreme Council Building, Tashkent, Uzbekistan

The Supreme Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan (Uzbek : O'zbekiston Jumhuriyati Oliy Kengashi) was the supreme legislative and representative body of the state power from August 31, 1991, when the Republic of Uzbekistan gained independence, until December 25, 1994.

Contents

History

Like its predecessor, the Supreme Soviet of Soviet Uzbekistan was unicameral and consisted of 500 people's deputies of various nationalities elected from all regions of the republic. It is known as the parliament that declared the independence of Uzbekistan on August 31, 1991 (last, 12th convocation). It is also known in history as an important state body in the first years after the establishment of independence and the acquisition of the republic.

The first parliamentary elections in the history of independent Uzbekistan were held, and a new national parliament – the Oliy Majlis (Supreme Assembly) of the Republic of Uzbekistan – a unicameral parliament (it became bicameral after the 2002 constitutional referendum) was established.

The Supreme Council had only one officeholder of its leadership – Yuldashev, Shavkat Mukhitdinovich, the only Chairman of the Supreme Council and Former Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of Uzbek SSR.

In 1991, its accountabilities were:

Structure

Presidium

The last Chairman of the Presidium, Khalilov, Erkin Khamdamovich (in the right), before the transition to the Oliy Majlis. A Parliamentary delegation from Uzbekistan called on the Vice President, Shri Bhairon Singh Shekhawat in New Delhi on November 22, 2005.jpg
The last Chairman of the Presidium, Khalilov, Erkin Khamdamovich (in the right), before the transition to the Oliy Majlis.

The Presidium of the Supreme Council of Uzbekistan (Uzbek: Oliy Kengash Rayosati) was a permanent body attached to the republic’s highest legislative body. It functioned as both a consultative and executive organ, ensuring continuity of state power between the sessions of the Supreme Council. From the Soviet period until its dissolution in 1995, the Presidium played a central role in the legal, political, and representative life of Uzbekistan.

Under the Uzbek SSR, the Supreme Soviet was the highest legislative body. Its Presidium acted as a collective head of state, supervising governance between sessions.

Its powers and accountabilities were:

With the consolidation of the institution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, many of the Presidium’s earlier competencies were transferred to the presidential office. The adoption of the 1992 Constitution formalized this change, and by 1995 the Presidium was entirely dissolved with the establishment of the Oliy Majlis, a professional and permanent parliament.

Credentials Committee

The Chairman of the Credentials Committee 1991-1994, Shavkat Mirziyoyev Shavkat Mirziyoyev (2024 Victory Day, cropped).jpg
The Chairman of the Credentials Committee 1991-1994, Shavkat Mirziyoyev

In accordance with Article 111 of the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the Supreme Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan works on the preparation of draft laws, for preliminary consideration and preparation of issues under the jurisdiction of the Supreme Council Following Uzbekistan, laws of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Uzbekistan In order to assist in the implementation of other decisions of the Supreme Council of the Republic by state and public agencies and organizations and to supervise this work, the Credentials Committee and other committees are elected from among the deputies to cooperate with the local Soviets of People's Deputies and their standing commissions.

The Credentials Committee also known as Mandate Commission of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan should fulfil the tasks assigned to them and help the Supreme Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan, which is the highest office of the state power of the Republic of Uzbekistan, to function effectively. The Committee operated in cooperation with the Central Electoral Commission.

The Mandate Commission and committees of the Supreme Council used to organize their work in accordance with their plans, instructions and recommendations of the Supreme Council, its Presidium and deputies. Shortly, Mandate Commission could've only acted under instructions of legislature.

The main tasks of the Mandate Commission or officially functioned as Credentials Committee of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan are as follows:

The Chairman of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan, his deputies, and the Prosecutor of the state couldn't be elected to the Mandate Commission and committees.

The People's Deputy of the Republic of Uzbekistan, who was recommended to be elected to the Mandate Commission or Committee of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan, could speak at the session of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan and explain his activity program. He answered the questions of the participants of the session.

Committee of Constitutional Supervision

The Committee on Constitutional Supervision was a permanent parliamentary body of the Supreme Council, created to safeguard the supremacy of the Constitution and ensure that laws, decrees, and government actions complied with constitutional norms.

The Committee of Constitutional Supervision (CCS) was a brief, late-Soviet body established in 1989 to review the constitutionality of laws and legal acts, operating from mid-1990 to the end of 1991. Elected by the Congress of People's Deputies and composed of legal and political science experts, the CCS was empowered to make decisions on the conformity of legislation and normative acts with the USSR Constitution and laws. Its existence was cut short by the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, but it represented a significant, albeit short-lived, attempt to introduce judicial review in the USSR.

CSS stopped to exist after the collapse, however Uzbekistan kept its CCS until the December 8, 1992 transferring its functions to the Constitutional Court of Uzbekistan with the introduction of the Constitution of Uzbekistan.

Initially planned for 23 members, the committee was ultimately larger. It was elected by the Supreme Council of the Republic.

The CCS was created following legislative amendments to the Constitution of the USSR in December 1988 and the adoption of the Law on Constitutional Control in the USSR in December 1989.

Its mandates were:

References