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The Syriac Catholic Church is an Eastern Catholic Christian jurisdiction originating in the Levant that uses the West Syriac Rite liturgy and has many practices and rites in common with the Syriac Orthodox Church. Being one of the twenty-three Eastern Catholic Churches, the Syriac Catholic Church is a self-governed sui iuris particular church, while it is in full communion with the Holy See and with the entirety of the Roman Catholic Church.
The Melkite Greek Catholic Church, or Melkite Byzantine Catholic Church, is an Eastern Catholic church in full communion with the Holy See as part of the worldwide Catholic Church. Its chief pastor is Patriarch Youssef Absi, headquartered at the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Dormition in Damascus, Syria. The Melkites, who are Byzantine Rite Catholics, trace their history to the early Christians of Antioch, formerly part of Syria and now in Turkey, of the 1st century AD, where Christianity was introduced by Saint Peter.
The Catholic Church in Egypt is considerably small as compared to the rest of the Christian population in Egypt, which is a significant minority among Muslims. The Catholic population in Egypt is said to have begun during the British control of Egypt. However, many emigrated after the 1952 Revolution in Egypt, which also caused the overthrow and exile of King Farouk of Egypt. Catholics in Egypt belong to seven distinct ritual Particular Churches sui iuris, the largest being the Coptic Catholic Church, led by its Patriarch of Alexandria.
The Coptic Catholic Patriarchate of Alexandria is the Patriarchal and only Metropolitan see of the head of the Eastern sui iuris Coptic Catholic Church, a particular Church in the Catholic Church in full communion with the Holy See, which follows the Alexandrian Rite in its own Coptic language. He is thus the superior of all Coptic dioceses, mostly in and around Egypt, the word Copt(ic) being a corruption of the Greek word for Egypt(ian).
The Syriac Catholic Eparchy of Our Lady of Deliverance is a Syriac Catholic Church ecclesiastical territory or eparchy of the Catholic Church in the United States. The territory of the eparchy encompasses the entire United States. Its cathedral is St. Toma Cathedral, in Farmington Hills, Michigan. Yousif Benham Habash has led the eparchy since April 2010.
The Syriac Catholic Church, established in the second half of the 17th century as an Eastern Catholic offshoot of the Syriac Orthodox Church, had around a dozen dioceses in the eastern provinces of the Ottoman Empire in the 18th and 19th centuries. Three of these dioceses were ruined during the First World War in the Assyrian and Armenian massacres, and the 20th century also saw the growth of an important Syriac Catholic diaspora in America, Europe and Australasia. As of 2012 the Syriac Catholic Church has fifteen dioceses, mostly in the Middle East, and four patriarchal vicariates for the diaspora communities.
The Syriac Catholic Archeparchy of Mosul is a Syriac Catholic Church ecclesiastical territory or archeparchy in northern Iraq. It is not a metropolitan see and is immediately exempt to the Syriac Catholic Patriarch of Antioch and the Roman Congregation for the Oriental Churches, and not part of any ecclesiastical province. Its cathedral is the Syriac Catholic Cathedral in the episcopal see of Mosul.
The Syriac Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Lebanon was a short-lived 20th-century jurisdiction of the Eastern Catholic Syriac Catholic Church in the Patriarch's own host country, Lebanon.
The Armenian Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Jerusalem and Amman is the missionary pre-diocesan jurisdiction of the Armenian Catholic Church sui iuris in the Holy Land (Palestine/Israel) and (Trans)Jordan.
The Syriac Catholic Archeparchy of Aleppo is a Syriac Catholic Church ecclesiastical territory or archeparchy of the Catholic Church in Syria. The Archeparchy of Aleppo is not a metropolitan see and is exemption directly to the Syriac Catholic Patriarch of Antioch.
The Armenian Catholic Eparchy of Alexandria (or Iskanderiya) is a suffragan eparchy (Eastern Catholicdiocese) of the Armenian Catholic Church sui iuris (Armenian Rite in Armenian language), in the Patriarch's own 'ecclesiastical province of Cilicia' (actually based in Beirut, Lebanon), covering Egypt and Sudan.
The Syriac Catholic Archeparchy of Homs(-Hama-Nabk) is a nominally Metropolitan Archeparchy of the Syriac Catholic Church sui iuris in Syria. It has no suffragans. Its seat is Holy Ghost Cathedral in Homs, Syria.
The Syriac Catholic Archeparchy of Damascus is a Syriac Catholic Church ecclesiastical territory or eparchy of the Catholic Church in Syria. While a metropolitan see, the Archeparchy of Damascus is without suffragans and is exempt directly to the Syriac Catholic Patriarchate of Antioch. It has its cathedral in the archepiscopal see and Syrian national capital Damascus.
The Syriac Catholic Patriarchal Eparchy of Beirut is a Syriac Catholic Church ecclesiastical territory or eparchy of the Catholic Church in Lebanon. The Syriac Catholic Patriarch of Antioch's cathedra is found in the eparchy in the episcopal see of Beirut, the capital of Lebanon.
The Syriac Catholic Patriarchal Exarchate of Jerusalem is a Patriarchal exarchate of the Syriac Catholic Church for Palestine and Jordan.
The Syriac Catholic Archeparchy of Baghdad is a Syriac Catholic Church ecclesiastical territory or archeparchy of the Catholic Church in Iraq. It is not a metropolitan see and is directly exempt to the Syriac Catholic Patriarch of Antioch, though not part of his or any other ecclesiastical province, and in Rome depends on the Congregation for the Oriental Churches.
The Maronite Church is an Eastern Catholic sui iuris particular church in full communion with the pope and the worldwide Catholic Church, with self-governance under the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches. The head of the Maronite Church is Patriarch Bechara Boutros al-Rahi, who was elected in March 2011 following the resignation of Patriarch Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir. The seat of the Maronite Patriarchate is in Bkerke, northeast of Beirut, Lebanon. Officially known as the Antiochene Syriac Maronite Church, it is part of Syriac Christianity by liturgy and heritage.
References
- ↑ "كنيسة السريان". الكنيسة الكاثوليكية بمصر (in Arabic). Retrieved 2021-11-11.
