TFB2M

TFB2M
Identifiers
Aliases	TFB2M , Hkp1, mtTFB2, transcription factor B2, mitochondrial
External IDs	OMIM: 607055 MGI: 107937 HomoloGene: 7362 GeneCards: TFB2M
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 1 (human)
End	246,566,261 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 1 (mouse)
End	179,373,832 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	secondary oocyte; ; palpebral conjunctiva; ; Right adrenal gland; ; biceps brachii; ; tibia; ; Left adrenal gland; ; right lobe of liver; ; parietal pleura; ; deltoid muscle; ; gastrocnemius muscle;
	Top expressed in
	quadriceps femoris muscle; ; muscle tissue; ; skeletal muscle tissue; ; renal cortex; ; proximal tubule; ; heart; ; morula; ; ganglionic eminence; ; ovary; ; liver;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	methyltransferase activity ; transferase activity ; transcription coregulator activity ; rRNA methyltransferase activity ; rRNA (adenine-N6,N6-)-dimethyltransferase activity ; RNA binding ;
Cellular component	cell junction ; mitochondrial nucleoid ; mitochondrial matrix ; mitochondrion ;
Biological process	positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated ; rRNA processing ; methylation ; mitochondrion organization ; regulation of transcription, DNA-templated ; rRNA methylation ; transcription, DNA-templated ; mitochondrial transcription ; transcription initiation from mitochondrial promoter ; rRNA modification ;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	64216
	15278
	ENSG00000162851
	ENSMUSG00000026492
	Q9H5Q4
	Q3TL26
	NM_022366
	NM_008249 ; NM_001331054 ; NM_001331055
	NP_071761
	NP_001317983 ; NP_001317984 ; NP_032275
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Last updated April 14, 2023

Dimethyladenosine transferase 2; transcription factor B2, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TFB2M gene.^[5]

This protein is a transcription initiation factor for the mitochondrial RNA polymerase, POLRMT. Its paralog TFB1M can perform a similar function, but only in vitro .^[6]

Related Research Articles

Mitochondrial DNA is the DNA located in mitochondria, cellular organelles within eukaryotic cells that convert chemical energy from food into a form that cells can use, such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Mitochondrial DNA is only a small portion of the DNA in a eukaryotic cell; most of the DNA can be found in the cell nucleus and, in plants and algae, also in plastids such as chloroplasts.

Human mitochondrial genetics is the study of the genetics of human mitochondrial DNA. The human mitochondrial genome is the entirety of hereditary information contained in human mitochondria. Mitochondria are small structures in cells that generate energy for the cell to use, and are hence referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell.

A nuclear gene is a gene whose physical DNA nucleotide sequence is located in the cell nucleus of a eukaryote. The term is used to distinguish nuclear genes from genes found in mitochondria or chloroplasts. The vast majority of genes in eukaryotes are nuclear.

Transcription factor II B (TF_IIB) is a general transcription factor that is involved in the formation of the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex (PIC) and aids in stimulating transcription initiation. TF_IIB is localised to the nucleus and provides a platform for PIC formation by binding and stabilising the DNA-TBP complex and by recruiting RNA polymerase II and other transcription factors. It is encoded by the TFIIB gene, and is homologous to archaeal transcription factor B and analogous to bacterial sigma factors.

Nuclear respiratory factor 1, also known as Nrf1, Nrf-1, NRF1 and NRF-1, encodes a protein that homodimerizes and functions as a transcription factor which activates the expression of some key metabolic genes regulating cellular growth and nuclear genes required for respiration, heme biosynthesis, and mitochondrial DNA transcription and replication. The protein has also been associated with the regulation of neurite outgrowth. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, which encode the same protein, have been characterized. Additional variants encoding different protein isoforms have been described but they have not been fully characterized. Confusion has occurred in bibliographic databases due to the shared symbol of NRF1 for this gene and for "nuclear factor -like 1" which has an official symbol of NFE2L1.

Mitochondrial transcription factor A, abbreviated as TFAM or mtTFA, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TFAM gene.

HIV Tat-specific factor 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HTATSF1 gene.

Protein UXT also known as androgen receptor trapped clone 27 (ART-27) protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the UXT gene.

DNA excision repair protein ERCC-8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ERCC8 gene.

DNA-binding protein A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CSDA gene.

Chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 8 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CHD8 gene.

Lon protease homolog, mitochondrial is a protease, an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the LONP1 gene.

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EIF5B gene.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-related protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PPRC1 gene.

Dimethyladenosine transferase 1, mitochondrial; Transcription factor B1, mitochondrial is a mitochondrial enzyme that in is encoded by the TFB1M gene.

39S ribosomal protein L12, mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MRPL12 gene.

Zinc finger protein 143 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ZNF143 gene.

DNA-directed RNA polymerase, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the POLRMT gene.

Translation initiation factor IF-2, mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MTIF2 gene.

Mitochondrial translational release factor 1, also known as MTRF1 is a human gene.

References

1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000162851 - Ensembl, May 2017
1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000026492 - Ensembl, May 2017
↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ "Entrez Gene: TFB2M transcription factor B2, mitochondrial".
↑ Hillen, HS; Morozov, YI; Sarfallah, A; Temiakov, D; Cramer, P (16 November 2017). "Structural Basis of Mitochondrial Transcription Initiation". Cell. 171 (5): 1072–1081.e10. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.10.036. PMC 6590061 . PMID 29149603.

Falkenberg M, Gaspari M, Rantanen A, et al. (2002). "Mitochondrial transcription factors B1 and B2 activate transcription of human mtDNA". Nat. Genet. 31 (3): 289–94. doi:10.1038/ng909. PMID 12068295. S2CID 11164308.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi: 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . PMC 139241 . PMID 12477932.
Rantanen A, Gaspari M, Falkenberg M, et al. (2003). "Characterization of the mouse genes for mitochondrial transcription factors B1 and B2". Mamm. Genome. 14 (1): 1–6. doi:10.1007/s00335-002-2218-z. PMID 12532263. S2CID 25379746.
McCulloch V, Shadel GS (2003). "Human mitochondrial transcription factor B1 interacts with the C-terminal activation region of h-mtTFA and stimulates transcription independently of its RNA methyltransferase activity". Mol. Cell. Biol. 23 (16): 5816–24. doi:10.1128/MCB.23.16.5816-5824.2003. PMC 166325 . PMID 12897151.
Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi: 10.1038/ng1285 . PMID 14702039.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928 . PMID 15489334.
Gaspari M, Falkenberg M, Larsson NG, Gustafsson CM (2005). "The mitochondrial RNA polymerase contributes critically to promoter specificity in mammalian cells". EMBO J. 23 (23): 4606–14. doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600465. PMC 533051 . PMID 15526033.
Gleyzer N, Vercauteren K, Scarpulla RC (2005). "Control of mitochondrial transcription specificity factors (TFB1M and TFB2M) by nuclear respiratory factors (NRF-1 and NRF-2) and PGC-1 family coactivators". Mol. Cell. Biol. 25 (4): 1354–66. doi:10.1128/MCB.25.4.1354-1366.2005. PMC 548005 . PMID 15684387.
Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, et al. (2006). "The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1". Nature. 441 (7091): 315–21. Bibcode:2006Natur.441..315G. doi: 10.1038/nature04727 . PMID 16710414.
Cotney J, Shadel GS (2007). "Evidence for an early gene duplication event in the evolution of the mitochondrial transcription factor B family and maintenance of rRNA methyltransferase activity in human mtTFB1 and mtTFB2". J. Mol. Evol. 63 (5): 707–17. doi:10.1007/s00239-006-0075-1. PMID 17031457. S2CID 7673903.
Cotney J, Wang Z, Shadel GS (2007). "Relative abundance of the human mitochondrial transcription system and distinct roles for h-mtTFB1 and h-mtTFB2 in mitochondrial biogenesis and gene expression". Nucleic Acids Res. 35 (12): 4042–54. doi:10.1093/nar/gkm424. PMC 1919481 . PMID 17557812.

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000162851 - Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000026492 - Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[entrez-5] "Entrez Gene: TFB2M transcription factor B2, mitochondrial".

[polrmt-6] Hillen, HS; Morozov, YI; Sarfallah, A; Temiakov, D; Cramer, P (16 November 2017). "Structural Basis of Mitochondrial Transcription Initiation". Cell. 171 (5): 1072–1081.e10. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.10.036. PMC 6590061 . PMID 29149603.

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TFB2M

Related Research Articles

References

Further reading