TRNP1

TRNP1
Identifiers
Aliases	TRNP1 , C1orf225, TNRP, TMF1-regulated nuclear protein 1, TRNP, TMF1 regulated nuclear protein 1
External IDs	OMIM: 616824; MGI: 1916789; HomoloGene: 19492; GeneCards: TRNP1; OMA:TRNP1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human) [1] Band 1p36.11 Start 26,993,692 bp [1] End 27,000,886 bp [1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 4 (mouse) [2] Band 4|4 D2.3 Start 133,218,411 bp [2] End 133,225,861 bp [2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in cardiac muscle tissue of right atrium lateral nuclear group of thalamus mucosa of pharynx mucosa of esophagus myocardium of left ventricle nasal epithelium pancreatic epithelial cell body of stomach pylorus palpebral conjunctiva Top expressed in medial dorsal nucleus olfactory system olfactory epithelium medial geniculate nucleus neural layer of retina lateral geniculate nucleus facial motor nucleus pontine nuclei deep cerebellar nuclei visual cortex More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function DNA binding Cellular component nucleus Biological process multicellular organism development cell cycle regulation of transcription, DNA-templated regulation of cell population proliferation transcription, DNA-templated cerebellar cortex morphogenesis neural precursor cell proliferation regulation of cell cycle nervous system development Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 388610 69539 Ensembl ENSG00000253368 ENSMUSG00000056596 UniProt Q6NT89 Q80ZI1 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001013642 NM_001081156 RefSeq (protein) NP_001013664 NP_001074625 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 26.99 – 27 Mb Chr 4: 133.22 – 133.23 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

TMF-regulated nuclear protein 1 is a nuclear protein that in humans is encoded by the TRNP1 gene. TRNP1 plays a crucial role in cellular proliferation and brain development. ^[5] Trnp1 is the first protein that has been shown to play a major role in cortical folding. ^[5] It represents a major stem cell factor, that is involved in crucial processes during brain but also stem cell development. Trnp1 controls gene expression levels and is sufficient to induce gyri and sulci in the developing brain. Local differences of Trnp1 expression levels in the human brain correlate with cortical folding. ^{[5] [6] [7]}

Function

Trnp1 binds to DNA with high affinity. ^[5] Its direct molecular function is unknown, it has no known molecular motif and therefore may represent a new class of molecules. ^[5]

Trnp1 has a very strong effect on cellular proliferation, Trnp1 dramatically increases the proliferation rate in vitro and in vivo. ^[5]

In addition to its stem cell function during brain development, there are data suggesting that Trnp1 might play a crucial role in cancer cells - Trnp1 has been described in gene expression analysis in cancer types. ^[8] the very strong proliferation capacity may be responsible for its oncogenic potential. Specifically, Trnp1 (together with other factors) serves as a biomarker for specific colon cancer subtypes. ^{[8] [9]}

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000253368 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000056596 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Stahl R, Walcher T, De Juan Romero C, Pilz GA, Cappello S, Irmler M, Sanz-Aquela JM, Beckers J, Blum R, Borrell V, Götz M (April 2013). "Trnp1 regulates expansion and folding of the mammalian cerebral cortex by control of radial glial fate". Cell. 153 (3): 535–49. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2013.03.027 . hdl: 10261/338716 . PMID   23622239.
6. Fernández V, Llinares-Benadero C, Borrell V (May 2016). "Cerebral cortex expansion and folding: what have we learned?". The EMBO Journal. 35 (10): 1021–44. doi:10.15252/embj.201593701. PMC   4868950 . PMID   27056680.
7. Martínez-Martínez MÁ, De Juan Romero C, Fernández V, Cárdenas A, Götz M, Borrell V (June 2016). "A restricted period for formation of outer subventricular zone defined by Cdh1 and Trnp1 levels". Nature Communications. 7 11812. Bibcode:2016NatCo...711812M. doi:10.1038/ncomms11812. PMC   4897765 . PMID   27264089.
8. Kanth P, Bronner MP, Boucher KM, Burt RW, Neklason DW, Hagedorn CH, Delker DA (June 2016). "Gene Signature in Sessile Serrated Polyps Identifies Colon Cancer Subtype". Cancer Prevention Research. 9 (6): 456–65. doi:10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-15-0363. PMC   4941619 . PMID   27026680.
9. USapplication 20190032147,Delker D, Kanth P,"Methods and compositions for predicting a colon cancer subtype",published 31 January 2019, assigned to University of Utah Research Foundation