Taps at Reveille

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Taps at Reveille
TapsAtReveille.jpg
First edition
Author F. Scott Fitzgerald
LanguageEnglish
GenreShort stories
Publisher Charles Scribner's Sons
Publication date
March 10, 1935
Publication place United States
Media typePrint (hardback and paperback)
Pages407
ISBN 978-0684124643
OCLC 8894678

Taps at Reveille is a collection of 18 short stories by American writer F. Scott Fitzgerald, published by Charles Scribner's Sons in 1935. [1] It was the fourth and final volume of previously uncollected short stories Fitzgerald published in his lifetime. [2] The volume appeared a year after his novel Tender is the Night was published. [1] The collection includes several stories featuring autobiographical creations derived from Fitzgerald's youth, namely Basil Duke Lee and Josephine Perry. [3] [4]

Contents

The collection's last story, "Babylon Revisited", is one of Fitzgerald's most highly regarded. [5] [6]

Contents

Basil

Josephine

Other Stories

Reception

A middle-aged F. Scott Fitzgerald in 1937 Francis Scott Fitzgerald 1937 June 4 (2) (photo by Carl van Vechten).jpg
A middle-aged F. Scott Fitzgerald in 1937

In The New York Times , critic Edith Walton gave Fitzgerald's final collection a mixed reception. [4] "The characteristic seal of his brilliance stamps the entire book, but it is a brilliance which splutters off too frequently into mere razzle-dazzle." [4] Walton continues, "It has become a dreadful commonplace to say that Mr. Fitzgerald's material is rarely worthy of his talents. Unfortunately, however, the platitude represents truth. Scott Fitzgerald's mastery of style — swift, sure, polished, firm — is so complete that even his most trivial efforts are dignified by his technical competence. All his writing has a glamorous gloss upon it; it is always entertaining; it is always beautifully executed." [4]

Literary critic John Kuehl reports that "the volume elicited mixed reviews and sold only a few thousand copies." [7]

Critical appraisal

Kuehl offers this assessment regarding the collection's popular and critical success: "Although Taps at Reveille does not cohere as well as other Scribner collections, it has generally been considered the best volume of Fitzgerald stories published during his lifetime." [8]

On the stories featuring Fitzgerald's youthful alter ego, Basil Duke Lee, critic Kenneth Eble rates these "as excellent in craftsmanship as any Fitzgerald ever wrote." [9]

Theme

The thematic elements that informed Fitzgerald's fiction "apprentice works" of the late teens and early 1920s are revived in Taps at Reveille. The female protagonists from "The Ice Palace" and "The Jelly-Bean" reappear, as do their "themes and techniques." [10]

According to literary critic and biographer John Kuehl, these devices include the "femme fatale/homme manque, rich girl/poor girl, first-person observer, 'North' vs. 'South', and Lost Youth. [7]

The Basil and Josephine stories

Fitzgerald based the Josephine Perry stories on his first love, Ginevra King. Ginevra King.jpg
Fitzgerald based the Josephine Perry stories on his first love, Ginevra King.

Fitzgerald interrupted his work on his manuscript for his novel Tender is the Night (1936) to write the nine autobiographical Basil Duke Lee stories. The stories "capture with precision the emotions and attitudes of Fitzgerald's youth." [11] The autobiographical elements of these stories are evident in the fictional details, which follow the male protagonist, Basil Duke Lee, from his childhood before entering boarding school in 1909 to his enrollment at Yale in 1913 — similar to Fitzgerald's trajectory from St. Paul Academy to Princeton during the same years. [12]

Described as "sequential" narratives, eight of these were published by The Saturday Evening Post in 1928 and 1929. [13] The ninth story "That Kind of Party" was rejected by Post and other journals and did not appear in print until summer 1951 in The Princeton University Library Chronicle . [13] [14] Fitzgerald conceived the Josephine storiesas companion pieces to the successful Basil series. These works featured the character Josephine Perry, based upon Fitzgerald's first love while he was attending Princeton, Ginevra King. The Post published these in 1930 and 1931. [15] [16] Taps at Reveille includes three of the five "Josephine" Perry stories. [17]

The Josephine stories are represented in five stories: "First Blood", "A Nice Quiet Place", "A Woman With a Past", "A Snobbish Story", and "Emotional Bankruptcy". All of these first appeared independently in The Saturday Evening Post . The first three of these were included in Taps at Reveille. [17] Literary critic Kenneth Eble considers the Josephine stories a falling off from the foregoing Basil Duke Lee narratives:

The central character relies heavily on Fitzgerald's memory of Ginevra King…If she is less a successfully created character, as I think she is, it may be because Fitzgerald did not, could not, fully understand her or be as privy to her youthful feelings and experiences as he could with Basil. [18]

As a literary creation, Josephine Perry is Fitzgerald's feminine ideal, whose infatuation with love is her paramount characteristic. Nonetheless, Fitzgerald endows her with a measure of credibility. In a letter to the Post editor Arthur Mizener, Mrs. Ginevra King Pirie offered this commentary on the accuracy of Fitzgerald's portrait of her as a girl:

I was too thoughtless in those days & too much in love with love to think of consequences. These things he has emphasized, and over-emphasized, in the Josephine stories: but it is only fair to say I asked for some of them. [17]

Contrary to Fitzgerald's expectations that the recently published novel Tender is the Night would revive his reputation as an author of serious long fiction, sales for the novel, at 13,000 copies, were the poorest of all his major works. [19] Fitzgerald remained known by his contemporary readership "as a popular writer who contributed stories like the Basil and Josephine series to the Post and other mass circulation magazines." [20]

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References

Citations

  1. 1 2 Kuehl 1991, p. 185, Selected Bibliography.
  2. Kuehl 1991 , p. 76: "...the fourth and last Scribner collection" of Fitzgerald's short fiction.
  3. Kuehl 1991, pp. 93–101.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Walton 1935, p. 7.
  5. Kuehl 1991 , p. 57: Kuehl compares the story favorably to Fitzgerald's "The Rich Boy".
  6. Eble 1963 , p. 115: "Babylon Revisited" and "Crazy Sunday" are "commonly included among Fitzgerald's best stories."
  7. 1 2 Kuehl 1991, p. 74.
  8. Kuehl 1991 , p. 101: "the emotional bankrupts populating Taps at Reveille."
  9. Eble 1963, pp. 23, 114.
  10. Kuehl 1991 , pp. 74, 79: "...a collection linking Fitzgerald's inclusive and exclusive styles as well as his early and late concerns."
  11. Eble 1963, pp. 23–24.
  12. Eble 1963, p. 23.
  13. 1 2 Kuehl 1991, p. 93.
  14. Eble 1963 , p. 23: "...the nine Basil Duke Lee stories, eight of which appeared in The Saturday Evening Post between April 1928 to April 1929. Five were collected in Taps at Reveille."
  15. Kuehl 1991, pp. 93–94.
  16. Bruccoli 1998, p. 546.
  17. 1 2 3 Eble 1963, p. 115.
  18. Eble 1963, p. 115: See here for excerpt from letter to editor Arthur Mizener from Mrs. Ginevra King Pirie regarding her portrayal by Fitzgerald.
  19. Eble 1963, p. 139.
  20. Kuehl 1991, p. 95.

Sources