| Temnida | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Anyphaenidae |
| Genus: | Temnida Simon [1] |
| Species | |
| |
Temnida is a genus of spiders in the family Anyphaenidae. It was first described in 1896 by Simon. As of 2016 [update] it contains 2 species. [1]
The sac spiders of the family Clubionidae have a very confusing taxonomic history. Once, this family was a large catch-all taxon for a disparate collection of spiders, similar only in that they had eight eyes arranged in two rows and conical anterior spinnerets that touched, and were wandering predators that built silken retreats, or sacs, usually on plant terminals, between leaves, under bark, or under rocks. These are now recognized to include several families, some of which are more closely related to the three-clawed spiders, like lynx and wolf spiders, than to Clubionidae and related families.
Anyphaenidae is a family of araneomorph spiders, sometimes called anyphaenid sac spiders. They are distinguished from the sac spiders of the family Clubionidae and other spiders by having the abdominal spiracle placed one third to one half of the way anterior to the spinnerets toward the epigastric furrow on the underside of the abdomen. In most spiders the spiracle is just anterior to the spinnerets. Like clubionids, anyphaenids have eight eyes arranged in two rows, conical anterior spinnerets and are wandering predators that build silken retreats, or sacs, usually on plant terminals, between leaves, under bark or under rocks. There are more than 500 species in over 50 genera worldwide.
Norman Ira Platnick was an American biological systematist and arachnologist. At the time of his death, he was a Professor Emeritus of the Richard Gilder Graduate School and Peter J. Solomon Family Curator Emeritus of the invertebrate zoology department of the American Museum of Natural History. A 1973 Ph.D. recipient at Harvard University, Platnick described over 1,800 species of spiders from around the world, making him the second most prolific spider taxonomist in history, behind only Eugène Simon. Until 2014 he was also the maintainer of the World Spider Catalog, a website formerly hosted by the AMNH which tracks the arachnology literature, and attempts to maintain a comprehensive list, sorted taxonomically, of every species of spider which has been formally described. In 2007 he received the International Society of Arachnology's Bonnet award, named for Pierre Bonnet, in recognition of his work on the catalog.
The Dictynoidea or dictynoids are a group of araneomorph spiders that have been treated as a superfamily. The composition of the group has varied. Phylogenetic studies in the 21st century have failed to confirm the monophyly of the dictynoids as originally defined.
The Entelegynae or entelegynes are a subgroup of araneomorph spiders, the largest of the two main groups into which the araneomorphs were traditionally divided. Females have a genital plate (epigynum) and a "flow through" fertilization system; males have complex palpal bulbs. Molecular phylogenetic studies have supported the monophyly of Entelegynae.
Hibana velox is a common spider of North America. It can be found in foliage and in houses. It is useful in preying on insects like the citrus leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella (Gracillariidae).
Antônio Domingos Brescovit is a Brazilian arachnologist. His first name, Antônio may also be spelt António. He develops academic activities at the 'arthropodae laboratorium' at the Butantan Institute, and he is a specialist in Neotropical Arachnida.
Araiya is a genus of South American anyphaenid sac spiders first described by M. J. Ramírez in 2003.As of April 2019 it contains only two species.
Aysenoides is a genus of spiders in the family Anyphaenidae. It was first described in 2003 by Ramírez. As of 2016 it contains 5 species from Chile and Argentina.
Bromelina is a genus of South American anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Antônio Brescovit in 1993.As of April 2019 it contains only three species.
Ilocomba is a genus of South American anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Antônio Brescovit in 1997.As of April 2019 it contains only two species, both found in Colombia.
Katissa is a genus of anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Antônio Brescovit in 1997.
Malenella is a genus of South American tangled nest spiders containing the single species, Malenella nana. It was first described by M. J. Ramírez in 1995, and has only been found in Chile.
Selknamia is a genus of South American anyphaenid sac spiders containing the single species, Selknamia minima. It was first described by M. J. Ramírez in 2003, and has only been found in Chile and Argentina.
Tomopisthes is a genus of South American anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1884.
Shuyushka is a genus of spiders in the family Anyphaenidae. It was first described in 2016 by Nadine Dupérré and Elicio Tapia. As of 2017, it contains 3 species from Ecuador.
Anyphaena fraterna is a species of ghost spider in the family Anyphaenidae. It is found in the USA.
Hibana incursa is a species of ghost spider in the family Anyphaenidae. It is found in USA to Panama.
Arachosia is a genus of anyphaenid sac spiders that was first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge in 1882.
Josa is a genus of South American anyphaenid sac spiders first described by Eugen von Keyserling in 1891. It is a senior synonym of "Gayenella", "Haptisus", "Olbophthalmus", and "Pelayo".
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