The Capture of the Smala of Abd El-Kader, 16 May 1843 is an oil on canvas painting of the Duc d'Aumale's victory over Emir Abdelkader's 'smala' (encampment) at Taguin on 16 May 1843. It was commissioned just after the battle by Aumale's father Louis-Philippe I and completed less than two years later, assisted by his pupils. It was exhibited at the 1845 and 1855 Paris salons and is now in the Musée de l'histoire de France in Versailles.
At 21.39 m wide and 4.89 m high, it is the largest painting of the 19th century.[ citation needed ]
In the first level of the work Aumale is shown on a white horse, recalling that of Napoleon I in Napoleon on the Battlefield of Eylau . In the third level, in the distance, is the old fort of Taguin and to the right the family of Mohamed-el-Karoubi, marabout and chancellor to Abdelkader, who was not present in person on the day of the battle. [1] It was widely published in engravings, including a lithograph in 1845 by Bernard-Romain Julien, whilst Alfred Decaen produced a copy measuring 1.4 m by 4.5 m in 1856, which is now in the Musée Condé at the château de Chantilly. [2] It is also mentioned in Le Sâr Rabindranath Duval, a sketch by Pierre Dac and Francis Blanche.[ citation needed ]
The Louvre, or the Louvre Museum, is a national art museum in Paris, France, and one of the most famous museums in the world. It is located on the Right Bank of the Seine in the city's 1st arrondissement and home to some of the most canonical works of Western art, including the Mona Lisa,Venus de Milo, and Winged Victory. The museum is housed in the Louvre Palace, originally built in the late 12th to 13th century under Philip II. Remnants of the Medieval Louvre fortress are visible in the basement of the museum. Due to urban expansion, the fortress eventually lost its defensive function, and in 1546 Francis I converted it into the primary residence of the French kings.
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Abd al-Qadir ibn Muhyi al-Din, known as the Emir Abdelkader or Abd al-Qadir al-Hassani al-Jaza'iri, was an Algerian religious and military leader who led a struggle against the French colonial invasion of Algiers in the early 19th century. As an Islamic scholar and Sufi who unexpectedly found himself leading a military campaign, he built up a collection of Algerian tribesmen that for many years successfully held out against one of the most advanced armies in Europe. His consistent regard for what would now be called human rights, especially as regards his Christian opponents, drew widespread admiration, and a crucial intervention to save the Christian community of Damascus from a massacre in 1860 brought honours and awards from around the world. Within Algeria, he was able to unite many Arab and Berber tribes to resist the spread of French colonization. His efforts to unite the country against French invaders led some French authors to describe him as a "modern Jugurtha", and his ability to combine religious and political authority has led to his being acclaimed as the "Saint among the Princes, the Prince among the Saints".
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The Battle of the Smala took place on 16 May 1843, when the French, led by Henri d'Orléans, Duke of Aumale, raided the personal encampment of Algerian resistance leader Emir Abdelkader al-Jazairi while al-Qadir was absent on a raiding expedition. The 500 French cavalrymen surprised the camp defenders, who fired a single volley before scattering. More than 3000 of al-Qadir's followers out of a camp population of 30,000 were captured, as were many of his possessions, including his war chest and a library valued at £5000. Three days later, another 2500 followers were captured.
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Mustapha ibn Muhieddine, known as Emir Mustapha, Sidi Moustafa, Moustafa El Hassani El Djazairi, was an Algerian religious and military leader who led a struggle against the French colonial invasion in the mid-19th century with his brother, Emir Abdelkader.
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