The Palace of Versailles is a former royal residence commissioned by King Louis XIV located in Versailles, about 18 kilometres (11 mi) west of Paris, France.
Louis Philippe I, nicknamed the Citizen King, was King of the French from 1830 to 1848, and the penultimate monarch of France. He abdicated from his throne during the French Revolution of 1848, which led to the foundation of the French Second Republic.
Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, was a French Prince of the Blood who supported the French Revolution.
Émile Jean-Horace Vernet more commonly known as simply Horace Vernet, was a French painter of battles, portraits, and Orientalist subjects.
The Legitimists are royalists who adhere to the rights of dynastic succession to the French crown of the descendants of the eldest branch of the Bourbon dynasty, which was overthrown in the 1830 July Revolution. They reject the claim of the July Monarchy of 1830–1848 which placed Louis Philippe, Duke of Orléans, head of the Orléans cadet branch of the Bourbon dynasty, on the throne until he too was dethroned and driven with his family into exile.
The July Monarchy, officially the Kingdom of France, was a liberal constitutional monarchy in France under Louis Philippe I, starting on 26 July 1830, with the revolutionary victory after the July Revolution of 1830, and ending 23 February 1848, with the Revolution of 1848. It marks the end of the Bourbon Restoration (1814–1830). It began with the overthrow of the conservative government of Charles X, the last king of the main line House of Bourbon.
Maria Amalia Teresa of Naples and Sicily was Queen of the French by marriage to Louis Philippe I, King of the French. She was the last queen of France.
The 4th House of Orléans, sometimes called the House of Bourbon-Orléans to distinguish it, is the fourth holder of a surname previously used by several branches of the Royal House of France, all descended in the legitimate male line from the dynasty's founder, Hugh Capet. The house was founded by Philippe I, Duke of Orléans, younger son of Louis XIII and younger brother of Louis XIV, the "Sun King".
Eugène Louis Lami was a French painter and lithographer. He was a painter of fashionable Paris during the period of the July Monarchy and the Second French Empire and also made history paintings and illustrations for books such as Gil Blas and Manon Lescaut.
Juste milieu is a term that has been used to describe centrist political philosophies that try to find a balance between extremes, and artistic forms that try to find a middle ground between the traditional and the modern. In the political sense it is most associated with the French July Monarchy (1830–1848), which ostensibly tried to strike a balance between autocracy and anarchy. The term has been used in both a positive and negative sense.
Albert Boime, was an American art historian and author of more than 20 art history books and numerous academic articles. He was a professor of art history at the University of California, Los Angeles, for three decades, until his death.
The Forge is a c. 1817 painting by Francisco Goya (1746–1828), today housed in the Frick Collection in New York City. The large oil on canvas represents three blacksmiths toiling over an anvil, and has been described by the art historian Fred Licht as "undoubtedly the most complete statement of Goya's late style."
Jean Baptiste Auguste Vinchon was a French painter.
The Battle of Jemmapes is an 1821 history painting by the French artist Horace Vernet. It depicts the Battle of Jemmapes fought on 6 November 1792 near Jemappes in modern-day Belgium. Stylistically it is part of the developing romantic movement in art.
The Battle of Valmy is an 1826 history painting by the French artist Horace Vernet. It depicts the Battle of Valmy, one of the earliest battles of the French Revolutionary Wars fought on 20 September 1792. The revolutionary French troops defeated an advance by a coalition of Foreign forces under the command of the Duke of Brunswick.
The Siege of Antwerp is an 1840 history painting by the French artist Horace Vernet. It depicts the 1832 Siege of Antwerp when the French Army of the North besieged and captured the Dutch-held Antwerp Citadel in Belgium. The concluding stage of the Belgian Revolution it was a major foreign policy boost for the new July Monarchy of Louis Philippe I. The painting shows Marshal Gérard order the assault on the Citadel. He is accompanied by the Duke of Orléans and the Duke of Nemours, the two eldest sons of the king. To the left a group of soldiers drink and warm themselves by a fire while to the right a cantinière treats wounded troops.
The Battle of Fontenoy is an 1828 history painting by the French artist Horace Vernet. It depicts the Battle of Fontenoy fought on the 11 May 1745 in modern-day Belgium. Part of the War of the Austrian Succession, Fontenoy was a notable French victory over Allied forces under the command of Duke of Cumberland.
The Battle of Wagram is an 1836 history painting by the French artist Horace Vernet. It depicts Napoleon at the Battle of Wagram fought in July 1809 during the War of the Fifth Coalition. The battle, part of the Napoleonic Wars, was a victory for the French over the Austrian forces under Archduke Charles. Napoleon is mounted, watching the battle progress through a spyglass while he holds a half-opened battle plan in the other. Behind him Jean-Baptiste Bessières had had his horse shot from under him.
The Battle of Bouvines is an 1827 history painting by the French artist Horace Vernet. It depicts Philip II of France shortly before the Battle of Bouvines in 1214. A victory for Philip, the subsequent Truce of Chinon ended the Anglo-French War.
Portrait of Marshal Saint-Cyr is an 1821 portrait painting by the French artist Horace Vernet. It depicts Laurent de Gouvion Saint-Cyr, a former Marshal of the Empire under Napoleon. In 1817 he was appointed as Minister of War during the post-war Restoration era.
